NATURAL DISASTERS QUESTION AND ANSWER

Bushfires

Q1.       Name three things that can trigger bushfires.

Q2.        What is the most common fire igniter in  remote bushland areas?

Q3.       What is an arsonist?

Q4.       What was the cause of the 1949 French bushfire?

AUSTRALIAN BUSHFIRE CASE STUDY

Q5.       How many  South Australian and Victorian homes were destroyed in fires in 1983?

Q6.       What was the cause of the fires?

ANSWER

Q1.       Dry weather, high temperatures, flammable vegetation, arson, lightning.

Q2.       Lightning

Q3.       A person who deliberately lights fires.

Q4.       Dry conditions (after a year of drought)

Q5.       2000

Q6.       Weather conditions and dry vegetation.

Cyclones

Q1.       What is a cyclone?

Q2.       Which way do the winds turn in a Hurricane?

Q3.       Where do cyclones develop?

Q4.       What is the calm at the centre of the storm called?

Q5.       Approximately how many tonnes of air per second are pumped out by a fully developed cyclone?

Q6.       What is the trigger for most Indian Ocean cyclones?

CYCLONE TRACEY

Q8.       What day did Cyclone Tracy hit?

Q7.       What was the death toll?

ANSWER

Q1.       Cyclones are huge revolving storms, caused by winds blowing around a central area of low atmospheric pressure.

Q2.       In an anti-clockwise circle.

Q3.       Over warm seas near the equator.

Q4.       The eye.

Q5.       2 million tonnes of air per second.

Q6.       Thunderstorms in the equatorial trough.

Q7.       Christmas Day, 1974.

Q8.       65 people.

Drought

Q1.       How long can droughts last for in extreme cases?

Q2.       In 1982 how many percent of Australian sheep and cattle had died? 

Q3.       Name 2 kinds of drastic measures that may need to be taken in

severe case of drought. 

AFRICAN CASE STUDY

Q4.       How long did the Emperor of Ethiopia reign for? 

Q5.       What does the word sedentary mean? 

DALBY PERSONAL ACCOUNT

Q6.       How many sheep survived the night out the 330 sheep that were

shorn?

ANSWER

Q1.       Several years.

Q2.       60%

Q3.       Never washing your car, one shower per day.

Q4.       40 years.

Q5.       To want or have the need of a sitting occupation.

Q6.       20 sheep.

Earthquakes

Q1.       What causes earthquakes?

Q2.       What are the four main layers of the earth?

Q3.       What is the core mostly made of?

Q4.       Name the underground origin of an earthquake.

Q5.       Who compiled the Mercalli Scale?

Q6.       What  does the Richter Scale measure?

EARTHQUAKE IN CHILE

Q7.       What is another name for tremor?

Q8.       How high was the wave of earth?

ANSWER

Q1.       Tension being released from the rocks in the earth’s crust.

Q2.       Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core.

Q3.       Iron.

Q4.       Focus.

Q5.       Guiseppe Mercalli.

Q6.       The strength or intensity of the shock waves produced.

Q7.       Tremblor.

Q8.       1 foot.

Famine

Q1.       Name at least 3 causes of Famine. 

Q2.       Name 2 first world countries and 2 third world countries. 

Q3.       In 1991 what was the cause of all the deaths in Southern Sudan (Africa)? 

Q4.  What do worms do to children in the third world countries?

FAMINE CASE STUDY

Q5. In Somalia what months does the rain fall in the two seasons? 

Q6. Who was the ruler of Ethiopia that is mentioned in the Ethiopian case study?  

ANSWER

Q1.       Natural Disasters, overpopulated areas, poor quality of health facilities, low aid  from other countries, governments have poor management of resources

Q2.       Japan, USA, Great Britain, France, Australia, Ethiopia, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Sudan, Africa

Q3.       Epidemic of meningitis

Q4.       Bloated stomachs, make immunity low

Q5.       March – May and September – December

Q6.       Haile Selassie

ANSWER

Q1.       What do rising waters do to surrounding land? 

Q2.       How many stages are floods regarded as? 

Q3.       What does the Nile river bring from up the river? 

CALIFORIAN PERSONAL ACCOUNT

Q4.       How did Lois Card’s mother find out that her family was OK?

1974 BRISBANE FLOOD

Q5.       What was the name of the cyclone that caused the Brisbane floods to occur? 

Floods

Q1.       Flows after or breaks between banks to waterways causing the surrounding land to be flooded

Q2.       3

Q3.       Silt

Q4.       She saw them on television

Q5.       Cyclone Wanda

Tornadoes

Q1.       What is a tornado commonly known as? 

Q2.       How do Tornadoes form?

Q3.       In what season do tornadoes occur? 

Q4.       How many hours did it take the Super-Outbreak-148 in 1974?

ANSWER

Q1.       Twister

Q2.       When two masses of different humidity meet.

Q3.       Early Spring

Q4.       21 hours

Tsunamis

Q1.       Why is the name tidal wave inappropriate for a tsunami?

Q2.       How high can a tsunami grow to?

Q3.       What are the three major causes of tsunamis?

Q4.       Where do most tsunamis occur?

Q5.       Where does a tsunami warning system now operate?

THE ALASKAN TSUNAMIS

Q6.       Where was the source of the quake?

Q7.       How far away is Valdez from the source of the earthquake?

Q8.       How many lives were lost at Valdez?

Q9.       Name five other places where tsunami waves struck?

ANSWER

Q1.       Nothing to do with the tide, more than one wave.

Q2.       85 metres

Q3.       Volcanoes, Earthquakes, Landslides

Q4.       The Pacific Ocean

Q5.       Pacific

Q6.       Under the waters of Prince William Sound

Q7.       48 kilometres

Q8.       32

Q9.       Steward, Kodiak, Depoe Bay, Crescent City, Eureka, Santa Catalina, Island Hawaii

 

Volcanoes

Q1.       What is the name given to plates diving beneath one another?

Q2.       Where do volcanoes occur?

Q3.       What formed the Hawaiian Island  chain?

Q4.       What is a Lahar?

THE ERUPTION OF KRAKATOA

Q5.       When did Krakatoa start erupting?

Q6.       What other disaster made the death toll so high?

ANSWER

Q1.       Subduction

Q2.       Along the edges of plates

Q3.       A hotspot

Q4.       A mud flow

Q5.       May 20, 1883

Q6.       The following Tsunami

ANSWER SHEET