Wednesday, 20 November 2024

Green Ammonia Market worth $6.2 billion by 2030

Green Ammonia Market worth $6.2 billion by 2030

According to a research report, The global Green Ammonia Marketis estimated to grow at a CAGR 66.0% between 2024 to 2030 to reach a market size of USD 6.2 billion by 2030, from an estimated USD 0.3 billion in 2024. Green ammonia may be produced using renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power. This integration promotes the use of excess renewable energy, which would otherwise be limited, and converts it into a reliable and transportable source of energy. This ability to store and transmit renewable energy minimizes intermittency while increasing system stability. The chemical, fertilizer, and industrial industries are under growing pressure to adopt sustainable practices and reduce their carbon footprint. Green ammonia is a possible option for these companies to produce green chemicals and fertilizers that fulfill sustainability and regulatory requirements.

The development of a global hydrogen economy is driving the demand for green ammonia. As an efficient hydrogen carrier, green ammonia is crucial for transporting hydrogen over long distances and enabling its use in various applications, including power generation, transportation, and industrial processes.

Key Market Players

Siemens Energy (Germany),    

ThyssenKrupp AG (Germany),    

Nel ASA (Norway),    

Yara (Norway),    

ACME Group (India),    

Iberdrola, S.A. (Spain), among others...  

The growing emphasis on sustainability and decreasing carbon footprints in industrial operations fuels demand for green ammonia as a greener alternative to standard ammonia manufacturing methods. Governments are adopting rules and incentives to encourage industry to use green ammonia. Green ammonia may be employed as a hydrogen carrier for energy storage, making it a flexible alternative for balancing supply and demand in renewable energy systems. Green ammonia is utilized in a variety of industrial applications, including fertilizers, chemicals, and medicines, where sustainability is increasingly important.

Power generation, by End-use applications, is expected to be the largest segment in the green ammonia market

The combination of green ammonia production with renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power helps to repurpose excess electricity that would otherwise be wasted. This integration encourages the use of renewables and aids in the transition to a more sustainable energy system. Governments are establishing regulations, subsidies, and incentives to encourage green ammonia production and use. These governmental initiatives encourage investment in green ammonia projects, which drives market growth. Countries with substantial renewable energy resources are investing in green ammonia production for export. Green ammonia may be transported and exchanged internationally, creating economic possibilities for producing nations while also helping to the global energy revolution.

Solid Oxide Electrolysis, by technology, is expected to be the fastest-growing segment during the forecast period

Solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) operate at high temperatures, often between 700 and 1,000°C, allowing for greater electrical efficiency than conventional electrolysis methods. The high working temperature lowers the energy required for electrolysis, making SOE more efficient and cost-effective in the long term. SOECs may include waste heat from industrial operations and other high-temperature sources. This integration increases total system efficiency and decreases the amount of energy required for hydrogen generation, making SOE a more appealing alternative for green ammonia production. SOE technique uses less power per unit of hydrogen generated than low-temperature electrolysis methods because it is more efficient. This reduction in power use results in lower operational expenses, especially in areas with high electricity rates.

Asia Pacific is expected to be the fastest-growing region for green ammonia market

Asia Pacific is estimated to be the fastest-growing market for green ammonia market during the forecast period. The region has been segmented by country into Australia, Japan, South Korea, New Zealand, and the Rest of Asia Pacific. The dominance of the Asia Pacific region can be attributed to increasing foreign investments in the region to meet the demand of green fuels for fuel cell vehicles. The region's focus on enhancing energy security is a significant driver. Green ammonia, as an energy carrier and storage solution, helps diversify the energy mix and reduce dependency on imported fossil fuels, thereby enhancing energy security. The Asia Pacific region is witnessing rapid advancements in green hydrogen and ammonia production technologies. Innovations in electrolysis, ammonia synthesis, and process optimization are making green ammonia production more efficient and cost-effective, driving market growth.

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SECI signs MoU to promote Green Hydrogen initiatives

Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

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SECI signs MoU to promote Green Hydrogen initiatives

Posted On: 20 NOV 2024 3:49PM by PIB Delhi

Solar Energy Corporation of India Ltd (SECI), under Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, signed a MoU with H2Global Stiftung to establish a collaborative framework to promote Green Hydrogen initiatives. This aims to enhance knowledge exchange on market-based mechanisms and foster cooperation between India and importing countries, thereby contributing to the global advancement of the green hydrogen economy.




The MoU was signed by Shri Sanjay Sharma, Director (Solar), SECI, and Dr. Susana Moreira, Executive Director, H2Global, on 19th November 2024 in the esteemed presence of Mr Timo Bollerhey, CEO (HintCo), Mr Markus Exenberger, Executive Director (H2 Global Foundation), Shri Prashant Kumar Singh, Secretary (MNRE), Shri Abhay Bhakare, Mission Director (NGHM), Dr Prasad Chapekar, DS (MNRE) and Shri K R Jyothi Lal, ACS Kerala.


This collaboration offers India the opportunity to work on joint tender design concepts, particularly in structuring joint tenders that aligns with India’s ambition to become export hub of Green Hydrogen and its derivatives. The cooperation may provide valuable insights into global hydrogen market dynamics, including trade logistics and stakeholder engagement, which can be instrumental in furthering India’s green hydrogen initiatives.


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AM Green Kakinada Cluster: World's First Zero Emission Cluster Joins The World Economic Forum’s Transitioning Industrial Clusters initiative




 AM Green Kakinada Cluster: World's First Zero Emission Cluster Joins The World Economic Forum’s Transitioning Industrial Clusters initiative 

• The World Economic Forum (WEF) initiative, “Transitioning Industrial Clusters,” in Collaboration with Accenture and EPRI, aims to improve collaboration and develop a shared vision among co-located companies and public institutions with the goals of driving economic growth, employment and reducing CO2e emissions.

• AM Green Kakinada Cluster will start as a Zero Emission Cluster – the first such global cluster to start with 1 MTPA Green Ammonia production and continue its endeavour of including green molecules and green fuels production.

• The cluster with over $3Bn investment is expected to generate over 10,000 direct and indirect jobs.

Hyderabad, India / Geneva, November 18, 2024: AM Green Kakinada Cluster has joined the World

Economic Forum’s (WEF) “Transitioning Industrial Clusters Initiative” aimed improving collaboration and develop a shared vision among co-located companies and public institutions with the goals of driving economic growth, employment and reducing CO2e emissions.

By joining the WEF Transitioning Industrial Clusters initiative, AM Green Kakinada Cluster aims to send out a strong message on the importance of a collective approach towards global industrial decarbonisation and create an integrated green industrial ecosystem that will maximize economic,

social and environment outcomes in India.

With over $3 billion initial investment, the cluster is expected to create over 10,000 direct and indirect jobs, boosting local and national economies, while supporting industries like construction,equipment manufacturing, and housing.

Making the announcement AM Green Chairman, Mr. Anil Chalamalasetty said “Global Decarbonisation Solutions at Scale and Speed are the need of the day to bring in the new vision of global energy transition to life. We believe that this is a wonderful opportunity and a challenge that we have been working tirelessly for over the past many years.”

“We look forward to engaging with the WEF initiative and to fulfilling the Cluster Transition Goals.

Additionally, as a member of the Transitioning Industrial Cluster Initiative, AM Green Kakinada

Cluster will aim to support global work on decarbonisation clusters and look to share its knowledge and development work with the Forum and imbibe the best practices from other forum clusters” Mr.Chalamalasetty added.

We are pleased to welcome the AM Green Kakinada Cluster to our global network of 25 industrial clusters, marking an important step for India’s energy transition. With Andhra Pradesh’s renewable resources, the Kakinada Cluster has the potential to advance green ammonia and hydrogen production regionally. As part of the Transitioning Industrial Clusters community, AM Green Kakinada Will have the opportunity to share insights and contribute to the collective progress in industrial decarbonization,” said Mr Roberto Bocca, Head of the Centre for Energy and Materials and Member of the Executive Committee at the World Economic Forum.

Overall ~$15 billion of upstream ecosystem investments are part of the functions of Kakinada cluster.

Furthermore, the projected emissions at the commencement of cluster operations in 2026 are 0 MtCO2e.

Starting with a production capacity of 1 MTPA of Green ammonia, the Kakinada cluster will also include a 2 GW electrolyser manufacturing plant, other green molecule production facilities ensuring a robust supply chain for equipment.

The cluster will be powered by 24/7 Carbon-Free Energy enabled through pumped storage project and offer integrated utilities like green steam, desalinated water, and effluent treatment facilities.

AM Green aims to provide global industrial decarbonisation solutions through this key Green Industrial Cluster in Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, positioning India as a key player in global decarbonization  and energy transition efforts. The cluster will be a Zero Emission facility producing essential green molecules for energy transition, including green ammonia, green hydrogen,sustainable aviation fuel, green olefins, and more.

AM Green is developing one of the world’s largest green ammonia platforms, achieving 5 million tons per year by 2030, supporting its efforts to achieve net zero targets both in India and OECD markets.

This output will be equivalent to approximately 1 MTPA of green hydrogen, accounting for one-fifth of India’s target for green hydrogen production under the National Green Hydrogen Mission and 10  percent of Europe’s target for green hydrogen imports. AM Green is developing production capabilities for other green molecules like green caustic soda, e-methanol, olefins & biofuels for decarbonisation in hard-to-abate industries.

About AM Green Group

AM Green, incorporated by the founders of Hyderabad-based Greenko Group, Anil Chalamalasetty and Mahesh Kolli, is one of India’s leading energy transition solutions providers. AM Green is leveraging a track record of entrepreneurship in pioneering new technologies and pathways to shape the future of energy. We aim to become one of the most cost-competitive producers of green hydrogen, green ammonia, and other green molecules in the world. In India, AM Green is developing production capabilities for green molecules (green hydrogen, green ammonia, biofuels, e-methanol, sustainable aviation fuels and various downstream high value chemicals) for decarbonization in hardto-abate industries. The venture will also set up an international renewables and storage business and a JV for making electrolyzers with John Cockerill of Belgium.

www.amgreen.com

About the World Economic Forum’s Transitioning Industrial Clusters initiative

The initiative aims to unlock the full economic, employment, and energy potential of industrial clusters. Using a structured approach to financing, policy, technology, and partnerships, and incorporating best practices from committed clusters, the initiative fosters collaboration and a shared vision among co-located companies and public institutions to drive economic growth, job creation, and CO2e reduction. Launched at COP26 in November 2021 with 4 industrial clusters, the initiative has since expanded to 25 clusters (21 port-anchored) across 12 countries on 4 continents, engaging over 60 public and private stakeholders.

https://initiatives.weforum.org/transitioning-industrial-clusters/clusters

Contact:

Suheil Imtiaz

Public Affairs & Strategic Communications

AM Green

+ 91 94401 59289

suheil.m@amgreen.com

The State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA)

 The State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) is a Central Government authority that assesses projects that require environmental clearance. The SEIAA is established under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. The SEIAA is responsible for issuing environmental clearance for Category B projects, which are smaller projects. The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) issues environmental clearance (EC) for larger projects, which are Category A projects. 

The SEIAA is made up of three members:

Member-Secretary: A serving officer of the state government or union territory administration who is familiar with environmental laws

Chairperson: An expert in the EIA process with a three-year term

Non-officio Member: An expert in the EIA process with a three-year term 

The SEIAA works with the State Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) to scrutinize projects and make recommendations on environmental clearance. 

To apply for environmental clearance, project proponents can file an application online at environmentclearance.nic.in. After receiving an acceptance letter online, project proponents must submit hard copies of their application and other documents to the SEIAA. 

Composition and Status of Constitution of SEIAA and SEAC

S.No. States/ UTs Notification No. Date of Re-constitution Date of term expiry Status Download Composition

1. Andaman & Nicobar S.O. 3701(E) 11.10.2019 10.10.2022 Present 

2. Andhra Pradesh S.O. 1848(E) 12.05.2021 11.05.2024 Present 

3. Arunachal Pradesh S.O. 2527(E) 25.06.2021 24.06.2024 Present 

4. Assam S.O. 4354(E) 06.10.2023 05.10.2026 Present 

5. Bihar S.O. 3271(E) 12.08.2021 11.08.2024 Present 

6. Chandigarh S.O. 2032(E) 3.05.2023 2.05.2026 Present 

7. Chhattisgarh S.O. 3170(E) 23.11.2021 22.11.2024 Present 

8. Daman, Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli S.O. 974(E) 01.03.2021 28.02.2024 Present 

9. Delhi S.O.3631 (E) 06.09.2021 05.09.2024 Present 

10. Goa S.O. 1791(E) 25.04.2024 25.11.2027 Present 

11. Gujarat (SEIAA)* SEAC-2 S.O. 1682(E),S.O. 3288(E) 28.05.2020 13.08.2021 27.05.2023 12.08.2024 Present Extended 

12. Haryana S.O. 1707(E) 21.02.2022 20.02.2025 Present 

13. Himachal Pradesh S.O. 3445(E) 01.06.2022 31.05.2025 Present 

14. Kerala S.O. 984(E) 03.03.2022 02.03.2025 Present 

15. Jammu & Kashmir&Ladakh S.O.637(E) 12.02.2024 11.02.2027 Present 

16. Jharkhand S.O. 1641(E) 08.04.2024 07.04.2027 Present 

17. Karnataka S.O. 1188(E) 08.03.2024 07.03.2027 Present 

18. Lakshadweep NA 21.04.2008 20.04.2011 Not Present 

19. Madhya Pradesh S.O. 2277(E) 11.06.2021 10.06.2024 Present 

20. Maharashtra S.O. 107(E) 11.01.2021 10.01.2024 Present 

21. Manipur S.O. 2781(E) 12.07.2021 11.07.2024 Present 

22. Meghalaya S.O. 1920(E) 22.04.2022 21.04.2025 Present 

23. Mizoram S.O. 2601(E) 19.07.2019 18.07.2022 Present 

24. Nagaland S.O. 3751 (E)

S.O. 793 (E) 20.10.2020 19.10.2023 Present 

25. Odisha S.O.4361(E)

S.O. 3577 (E) 19.09.2022 18.09.2025 Present 

26. Puducherry S.O.3319(E) 25.07.2023 24.07.2026 Present 

27. Punjab S.O.524(E) 03.02.2021 02.08.2024 Present 

28. Rajasthan S.O.745(E) 12.10.2021 11.10.2024 Present 

29. Sikkim S.O.3804(E) 25.08.2023 24.07.2026 Present 

30. Tamil Nadu S.O.146(E) 11.01.2022 10.01.2025 Present 

31. Telangana S.O.1201(E) 10.03.2024 10.03.2027 Present 

32. Tripura S.O.1198(E) 17.03.2022 16.03.2025 Present 

33. Uttar Pradesh S.O.754(E) 11.06.2021 10.06.2024 Present  

34. Uttarakhand S.O.4715(E) 4.10.2022 3.10.2025 Present 

35. West Bengal S.O.2192(E) 17.05.2023 16.05.2026 Present


Constitute State Environment Impact Assessment Authorities In 6 Weeks If Absent: Supreme Court Directs States

Constitute State Environment Impact Assessment Authorities In 6 Weeks If Absent: Supreme Court Directs States

The Supreme Court on November 12 directed State Governments to constitute State Environment Impact Assessment Authorities (SEIAA) within 6 weeks wherever they have not been formed.

The above direction was made when the Court was hearing a civil appeal against an order of the National Green Tribunal which disapproved the grant of Environment Clearances in certain leases by the District Environment Impact Assessment Authorities (DEIAA) instead of SEIAA. 

The bench of CJI Sanjiv Khanna and Justice Sanjay Kumar was hearing a challenge by the Union to the order of NGT, Delhi dated September 13, 2018 which directed the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change to revise its 2016 notification which exempts regulatory clearances in mining leases for areas from 0 to 25 hectares. 

The notifications challenged before the NGT dated 15.01.2016, 20.01.2016 and 01.07.2016 had the effect of diluting the procedure for obtaining environmental clearance in respect of mining of minor minerals for areas from 0 to 25 hectares as it brought such leases within 'B-2 category projects' where Public Consultation, Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environment Management Plan (EMP) was exempted. 

Notably, under the B-2 category projects, the EC was to be granted by the DEIAA as opposed to SEIAA which oversees grants in B-1 category projects (leases of areas between 50-25 hectares). 

The bench of NGT noted that such notifications, particularly of January 15, 2016 were contrary to the Supreme Court decision in Deepak Kumar Vs. State of Haryana & Ors, where it was held that all mining leases in respect of its size would require to obtain Environmental Clearance and be subjected to strict regulatory framework as that of all major minerals. 

The Tribunal thus ordered : 

"It is reiterated that any attempt to split the lease area for the purpose of avoiding the applicable regulatory regime shall be viewed seriously. This in our view will be in the interest of the environment as deliberated in detail in the case of Deepak Kumar (supra) and would also satisfy the Precautionary Principle and the Principle of Sustainable Development contemplated under Section 20 of the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010."  

" The MoEF&CC shall, therefore, take appropriate steps to revise the procedure laid down in the impugned Notification dated 15th January, 2016 in terms of the above directions and observations so that it is conformity with the letter and spirit of the directions passed by the Hon'ble Supreme Court in Deepak Kumar (supra)."

Subsequent to this, the Union issued an Office Memorandum (OM) dated 12.12.2018 by which the District Environment Impact Assessment Authorities (DEIAA) were made dysfunctional. The workload of the DEIAA was then delegated to SEIAA. Another set of O.Ms dated 15.12.2021 and 28.04.2023 was issued where all the EC grants for mining leases under the B2 project categories were to be made by SEIAA instead of DEIAA. 

In light of the above, several ECs issued by DEIAA between the period from January 15, 2016 to September 13, 2018 were to be re-appraised by SEIAA. Thus the Top Court on November 12 extended time for re-appraisal of the ECs falling within such a period by SEIAA by March 31, 2025. 

The bench observed : "we extend the time for completion of re-appraisal by the State Environment Impact Assessment Authorities till 31.03.2025. This direction will apply in the cases where the Environment Clearance is valid, as mining activity can only continue during the period of validity of the EC." 

Parties who have not yet applied for re-appraisal by SEIAA were additionally given 3 weeks' time.

The bench had further directed "The State Governments will also ensure that SEIAA, where not constituted, are constituted within a period of six weeks from today."  

The matter will now be heard in January 2025. 

Tuesday, 19 November 2024

Remarks at the G20 Session on Sustainable Development and Energy Transition

Prime Minister's Office

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English Translation of Prime Minister's Remarks at the G20 Session on Sustainable Development and Energy Transition

Posted On: 20 NOV 2024 2:01AM by PIB Delhi

Your Highness,


Excellencies,


नमस्कार !


The theme of today’s session is very relevant, and is closely linked to the future of the next generation. During the New Delhi G-20 summit, we had adopted the Varanasi Action plan to accelerate achievement of the SDGs.


We had resolved to triple renewable energy production, and to double the energy efficiency rate by 2030Under Brazil’s presidency, priority has been accorded to the implementation of these goals, and we welcome this.


In this regard, I would like to present to you India’s commitments and efforts to achieve the Sustainable development agenda. Over the last one decade, we have built homes for more than 40 million families.


Over the last 5 years, Clean water supply has been ensured for 120 million homes. More than 100 million families have been provided with clean cooking fuel And toilets have been made for over 115 million families.


Friends,


Our efforts are based on traditional indian thought which is both progressive and balanced. A belief system in which the earth is considered mother, rivers, Givers of life, and trees are considered godlike.


We believe that taking care of nature is our moral and fundamental duty. India is the first G-20 country to have fulfilled the commitments it made under the Paris agreement, ahead of time.


Now we are rapidly moving towards more ambitious goals. We had set ourselves the target of achieving 500 Gigawatts of renewable energy by 2030. We have already achieved 200 Gigawatts of that.


We have made Green transition a people’s movement. Approximately 10 million families have registered for the worlds biggest solar roof top program.


And we are not just thinking about ourselves. We have in mind the interests of all mankind. In order to promote a sustainable lifestyle at a global level, we launched Mission Life or Lifestyle for the environment. Food waste not only increases carbon footprint, it also increases hunger. We have to work on this concern also.


We launched the International Solar Alliance. Over 100 countries have joined it. Under the "One Sun One World One Grid” initiative we are cooperating on energy connectivity.


India has set up a Green Hydrogen innovation center and launched a Global Biofuel Alliance We are also running an extensive waste to energy campaign in India’ In order to address challenges related to critical minerals we have focused on a circular approach.


Under the campaign, One tree for mother, we have planted about a billion trees in India this year. India launched the Coalition for Disaster resilient infrastructure initiative. Under this, we are now also focusing on Post-Disaster Recovery and Reconstruction.


Friends,


Economic development is a priority for countries of the Global south, and in particular, for Small Island Developing States. In the digital age, and given the growing influence of AI, the need for a balanced and appropriate energy mix becomes all the more important.


Therefore affordable and assured climate finance for energy transition in the Global south, has become even more important. It is also essential for developed countries to fulfill their commitments to provide technology and finance, in a timely manner.


India is sharing its successful experiences with all friendly countries, in particular with the Global south. To this end, during the 3rd Global south summit, we had also announced a Global Development Compact I urge all of you to join us in this initiative and partner with us in our efforts.


Thank you.



Prime Minister addresses G 20 session on Sustainable Development and Energy Transition

Prime Minister's Office

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Prime Minister addresses G 20 session on Sustainable Development and Energy Transition

Posted On: 20 NOV 2024 1:34AM by PIB Delhi

Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi addressed the session of the G 20 Summit on Sustainable Development and Energy Transition. Prime Minister noted that during the New Delhi G 20 Summit, the group had resolved to triple renewable energy capacity and double the energy efficiency rate by 2030. He welcomed Brazil’s decision to take forward these sustainable development priorities.


Prime Minister elaborated on the steps taken by India to foster sustainable development. He stated that India had provided housing to 40 million families in the last ten years; 120 million households with clean drinking water in the last five years; 100 million families with clean cooking fuel and 115 million families with toilets.


Highlighting that India was the first G 20 country to meet its Paris commitments, Prime Minister noted that India has set an ambitious target to produce 500 gw of renewable energy by 2030, of which 200 gw has been achieved. He further spoke about the global initiatives taken by India, such as the International Solar Alliance, Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure, Mission LiFE, One Sun One World One Grid, and Global Biofuel Alliance to foster a sustainable planet. Calling for giving primacy to the sustainable development needs of the Global South, particularly the Small Island Developing States, Prime Minister urged countries to support the Global Development Compact announced by India at the third Voice of the Global South Summit.

Full remarks of Prime Minister may be seen at here

Union Minister Shri Kirti Vardhan Singh delivers keynote address at High-Level Session on Energy Transitions for the Global South organized by International Solar Alliance (ISA) on the sidelines of UNFCCC-CoP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan


Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

azadi ka amrit mahotsav

Union Minister Shri Kirti Vardhan Singh delivers keynote address at High-Level Session on Energy Transitions for the Global South organized by International Solar Alliance (ISA) on the sidelines of UNFCCC-CoP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan ko

Posted On: 19 NOV 2024 9:45PM by PIB Delhi

Union Minister of State for Environment, Forest, and Climate Change, Shri Kriti Vardhan Singh, delivered a keynote address at the high-level ministerial session on ‘Energy Transitions for the Global South’, organized by International Solar Alliance (ISA) on the sidelines of UNFCCC-CoP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan.

Addressing the session, the Minister highlighted the transformative potential of solar energy, emphasizing its unique ability to deliver environmental, economic, and social benefits. Solar energy, recognized as one of the most affordable and accessible energy sources globally, provides clean energy to communities across income levels. Its versatility—ranging from rooftop installations to large-scale solar parks—was stressed as a practical solution to critical issues.



A group of people sitting in chairsDescription automatically generated

Shri Singh underscored the importance of collective and concerted efforts to scale up solar energy adoption, particularly in the Global South. It offers unparalleled opportunities for meeting growing energy demands while advancing sustainable development goals.He highlighted the National Solar Mission (NSM) as a central pillar in accelerating solar technology adoption.

Concluding his address, the Minister reiterated that energy is not merely a commodity but a cornerstone of development and equity. He emphasized that the success of the global energy transition depends on its being just, inclusive, and responsive to the needs of the most vulnerable populations. He urged for urgent action, focusing on advancing innovation, setting ambitious climate targets, and fostering international partnerships to achieve a sustainable energy future for all.

The event also marked the launch of the ISA report titled ‘Unleashing the Role of Solar’, which underscores the critical role of solar energy in driving the global energy transition.








 Delivered India’s National Statement at COP 29. Reaffirmed our position that decisions on this forum should be guided by the core principles of Equity, Climate justice and Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities provided in the UNFCCC and its Paris Agreement.

Led by our Hon’ble PM, India has been at the forefront of pro-planet actions, be it Ek Ped Maa ke Naam or Mission LiFE or taking huge strides in renewable energy.

India has also voluntarily undertaken ambitious climate commitments and delivered on many of those well ahead of time.

It is imperative that finance and technology transfer happens from developed nations to the developing ones in a transparent and time bound manner.

#COP29 #Baku2024 #ClimateAction #IndiaAtCOP29

Narendra Modi PMO India Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change, Government of India Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India Dr S. Jaishankar Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) Bhupender Yadav BJP BJP Uttar Pradesh

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Nutrient deficiency of plant

 Nutrient deficiency of plant:




Understanding the vital role of soil testing in addressing plant nutrition deficiencies is crucial for farmers and agronomists. By delving into the pivotal role of soil testing in remedying plant nutrition deficiencies and optimizing crop yield, 


we can appreciate its significance in ensuring sustainable agricultural practices:

1️⃣ Accurate Identification of Nutrient Deficiencies:

Inaccurate visual symptoms of nutrient deficiencies, such as yellowing leaves or stunted growth, can sometimes lead to misinterpretation or confusion with other issues like pest damage or water stress. Soil testing aids in precisely identifying the nutrient levels in the soil, facilitating accurate diagnosis and targeted interventions. For instance, distinguishing between nitrogen and sulfur deficiencies, which often manifest similar symptoms, becomes possible through soil tests.

2️⃣ Precision in Fertilizer Applications:

Without proper soil testing, the application of fertilizers can be a hit-or-miss, resulting in the over-application of some nutrients and the under-application of others. Soil tests reveal nutrient imbalances, ensuring that fertilizers are applied at the appropriate rates. This not only corrects deficiencies but also prevents nutrient toxicity while reducing input costs.

3️⃣ Mitigating Long-Term Soil Depletion:

Continuous cropping without a thorough understanding of the soil's nutrient status can lead to long-term depletion of vital nutrients. Regular soil testing provides insights into nutrient trends over time, enabling farmers to take corrective measures before deficiencies become severe. Sustaining soil fertility over multiple growing seasons leads to long-term productivity.

4️⃣ Customized Nutrient Management for Different Crops:

Different crops have distinct nutrient requirements, and soil testing aids in tailoring nutrient management practices accordingly. By comprehending the nutrient needs of specific crops, farmers can ensure that their crops receive the necessary nutrients at crucial growth stages. For example, soil testing can uncover the need for additional phosphorus for root development in crops like maize or soyabean.

5️⃣ Best Practices for Soil Testing:

Regular soil tests, conducted at least once a year or between growing seasons, allow for tracking changes in soil fertility. Combining soil testing with plant tissue testing provides a comprehensive understanding of nutrient availability and plant uptake. Based on soil and plant tissue test results, the use of fertilizers and soil amendments can be tailored to specifically address nutrient deficiencies and imbalances.

In conclusion, soil testing is an indispensable tool for addressing plant nutrition deficiencies. 

Embracing a data-driven approach to nutrient management can lead to improved yields, reduced input costs, and a contribution to more sustainable farming practices.

Follow Abdul's Ade Farm Ltd for more information about Agriculture 

#abdulsade #abdulsadefarm #abdulsfarm

Ecological Succession

 🏜Ecological succession is a process of change in ecosystems that affect the structure of the species over time.




 1. Each community creates conditions that subsequently allow next communities to adapt to a habitat.

 2. Gradually, the decomposition of biomass contributes to soil formation

 3. When mature soil is formed and enough amount of nutrients become available the climax community (stable ecosystem e.g. a forest), is attained.

 4. A climax community will persist in a given location until novel disturbances occur.

 Microbiome consortia are an important part of this process.

The adaptation of regenerative farming practices can thus help to avoid soil disturbance and leave room for natural soil formation processes.

Following stages of secondary succession, soil cores demonstrating the development of a litter and humus layer on sandy soil in regenerating boreal forest after clearance for agriculture.

Via Green Planet Initiative 2050™ 🌳

Audits and it's purpose

 Here are some types of audits and their purposes:

Compliance audit

Assesses whether an organization is compliant with relevant laws and regulations. Non-compliance can lead to fines or lawsuits, which can have a significant impact on an organization's finances. 

Internal audit

Can include a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis to help identify issues and opportunities. 

Technology audit

Reviews an organization's hardware, software, security, documentation, and backup/recovery systems. The goal is to assess the accuracy and processing capabilities of the IT systems. 

Construction audit

A systematic and independent examination of data, records, and operations. 

Environmental audit

A systematic, documented, periodic, and objective process to assess an organization's activities and services. 

Industrial engineering audit

Involves determining the purpose, scope, criteria, and frequency of the audit. The scope and objectives should align with the organization's strategic goals, industrial engineering standards, and stakeholder expectations. 

Financial audit

Looks at all historical data regarding operations, including financial statements, books of accounts, and invoice processing. 

EHSQL Services Awareness

 Environment, Health, Safety, and Quality (EHSQ) services in industry audits help organizations ensure compliance with regulations, reduce risks, and improve overall performance. EHSQ audits assess an organization's health and safety policies, processes, and systems. They can help businesses: Identify risks and take steps to mitigate them, Reduce incidents that impact product quality, Reduce costs due to injuries, Negotiate better insurance rates, and Favorably treat them from OSHA. 

EHSQ audits can include: 

Customized audit programs 

Risk assessments 

Regulatory compliance audits 

Corrective action plans 

Data analytics and visualization 

Surveys of the workplace to determine: 

What regulations apply 

Whether employees are adhering to health and safety standards 

The quality and impact of safety training 


A laboratory audit is a review process that ensures a laboratory is operating in compliance with regulatory and accreditation standards. Audits can help identify problems and ensure that the laboratory has quality systems in place. They can also help identify opportunities for improvement. 

Here are some types of laboratory audits:

Laboratory safety audit

Ensures compliance with general safety and health hazards, as well as the proper handling and disposal of hazardous materials. 

Laboratory Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) audit

Assesses compliance with EHS regulatory requirements, company requirements, standards, and best practices. 

Data integrity audit

Ensures that the laboratory has tools and procedures in place to preserve data integrity. 

There are two types of laboratory audits: internal and external:

Internal audits: Conducted by a different department of the same company.

External audits: Conducted by third party agencies

condition monitor services audit

 A condition monitor services audit is an on-site examination of a plant and its processes to determine the most appropriate condition monitoring techniques for each piece of equipment. The audit can help to:

Identify the most effective condition monitoring techniques

Determine the frequency of monitoring required

Establish whether direct or remote access is required for each machine

Provide a detailed costing of the condition monitoring program

Create a procedure for continuously improving the condition monitoring program 

The audit can be carried out by an external organization or with internal resources. It can cover all or part of the maintenance department's activities. 

The audit can include: Collecting and analyzing data, Making an onsite inspection, Discussing possible measures to optimize performance, and Providing a comprehensive report with findings and recommendations. 

Condition monitoring is important because it can help to avoid unplanned downtime and unexpected failure. It can also help to calculate the life expectancy of assets or an overall plant

purchase services audit

 A purchase services audit, also known as a procurement audit, is an internal review of an organization's purchasing process to ensure compliance with regulations and standards. The audit assesses the efficiency, effectiveness, and compliance of the procurement function. 

The audit process typically includes:

Reviewing documentation: Examining purchase orders, invoices, receipts, and other supporting documents 

Interviewing personnel: Speaking with relevant personnel to gain insights into the process 

Analyzing data: Assessing data related to vendor selection, contract management, purchasing decisions, and financial controls 

Evaluating vendor relations: Examining vendor agreements and contracts to ensure they are clear and aligned with organizational needs 

Verifying vendor credentials: Checking the financial stability and past performances of vendors 

Reconciling financial transactions: Ensuring that financial transactions related to procurement activities are properly recorded 

The audit findings can help identify strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement. They can also help the company implement corrective actions to enhance procurement practices and optimize compliance with internal and external requirements.

Equipment maintenance

 Equipment maintenance services include:

Preventive maintenance

Regular maintenance to prevent equipment from breaking down or malfunctioning. This includes oil changes, lubrication, and partial or complete overhauls. 

Periodic servicing

Regular inspections and servicing to keep equipment in good condition and extend its life. 

Annual maintenance contract (AMC)

A contract that provides maintenance for hardware or software problems over time. 

Documenting service records

Keeping detailed records of when maintenance was done and when it needs to be done again. 

Controlling maintenance expenses

Monitoring and controlling maintenance expenses to maximize profitability. 

Cleaning regularly

Keeping equipment clean to prevent dirt and grime from building up and damaging the equipment. 

Equipment tracking

Tracking machinery devaluation to determine when it needs to be disposed of. 

Other best practices for equipment maintenance include: Using the equipment correctly, Storing the equipment correctly, Lubricating the equipment properly, and Making timely repairs. 

Instrument equipment services

Instrument equipment services can include:

Repair and maintenance: Services that ensure the accuracy and reliability of measuring instruments. 

Calibration: Services that calibrate and certify instrumentation and electrical equipment. 

Supply: Services that supply new and refurbished scientific, industrial, and laboratory equipment. 

Installation: Services that install equipment. 

Testing: Services that test equipment. 

Inspection: Services that inspect equipment. 

Conversion: Services that convert equipment. 

Rebuilding: Services that rebuild equipment. 

Survey: Services that survey equipment. 

Electrical equipment services with checklist

 Electrical services include the installation, maintenance, and repair of electrical systems and equipment. These services are important for ensuring the safety of people and equipment, and preventing costly repairs or replacements. 

Electrical equipment services can include:

Installation

Installing new wiring, lighting fixtures, electrical panels, outlets, switches, and dimmers 

Maintenance

Inspecting, testing, and repairing electrical equipment to prevent problems 

Repair

Replacing damaged equipment, fixing faulty wiring and components, and replacing worn parts 

Electrical maintenance is often carried out by electricians and technicians who have the required knowledge and skills. It can be hazardous work, so it's important that those who undertake it are fully trained and qualified. 

Some tips for electrical maintenance include:

Regularly checking all connections to ensure they're tight

Following the manufacturer's instructions for tightening

Considering an infrared imaging survey to detect any loose connections

The mechanical equipment services industry is growing due to increased infrastructure development, innovation, and the need to maintain machinery

 The mechanical equipment services industry is growing due to increased infrastructure development, innovation, and the need to maintain machinery. Here are some key aspects of the mechanical equipment services industry: 

Demand

The demand for mechanical equipment and services is expected to increase as infrastructure development continues. This is due to the need to inspect, repair, and maintain heavy machinery such as graders, dozers, loaders, and elevators. 

Innovation

The use of advanced technologies like 3D modeling and virtual project planning is expected to drive market growth. 

Skill shortage

The growth of the market is constrained by the lack of skilled professionals. Only 3% of engineers are skilled in the fields required for the mechanical equipment services industry. 

Equipment-as-a-Service (EaaS)

EaaS can benefit manufacturers by reducing capital expenditure, increasing data reliability, and lowering operating costs. 

Mechanical equipment design

Mechanical equipment design is vital for ensuring the efficient and safe operation of industrial plants and facilities. 

Mechanical equipment maintenance

Mechanical equipment maintenance involves rebuilding parts, repairing defective engines, and lubricating equipment

Mechanical equipment services can include:

Design

Mechanical engineering design professionals work with the Director of Facilities Maintenance to identify project requirements and incorporate them into equipment and contract specifications. 

Installation

Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing (MEP) engineers design and select systems for buildings, including plumbing, elevators, escalators, and heating and air-conditioning systems. 

Maintenance

Machine maintenance can include reactive maintenance, which is when repairs are done after a machine has already failed. 

Refurbishment

Machine housing refurbishment can be a service offered by some companies. 

Mechanical equipment can include:

HVAC units, Fans, Vents, Generators, Elevator motors, Pool pumps, Whole house fans, Compressors, Condensers, and Evaporators.

Monday, 18 November 2024

G-20 (2024) Building a Just World and a Sustainable Planet

 November 18, begins the largest diplomatic event in the history of Brasil

Building a Just World and a Sustainable Planet

2024 G20 Rio de Janeiro summit 19th G20 Summit

Host country- Brazil

Motto Building a Just World and a Sustainable Planet (Portuguese: Construindo um Mundo Justo e um Planeta Sustentável)

Venue(s) Museum of Modern Art-Cities Rio de Janeiro


G20 BRASIL

Today, November 18, begins the largest diplomatic event in the history of Brasil

In Rio de Janeiro, G20 Leaders' Summit brings together Heads of State and Government of the world's largest economies to outline solutions for today's major global challenges. The meeting continues until tomorrow, November 19, when Brasil will symbolically hand over the forum's presidency to South Africa.

11/18/2024 8:55 AM - Modified 15 hours ago

The meeting of Heads of State from around the world takes place on November 18 and 19 at the Museum of Modern Art in Rio de Janeiro. Photo: Press Release/Wikimedia Commons

The meeting of Heads of State from around the world takes place on November 18 and 19 at the Museum of Modern Art in Rio de Janeiro. Photo: Press Release/Wikimedia Commons

Under Brasil's leadership, which has held the rotating G20 presidency since December 2023, more than 130 preparatory meetings have taken place across various Brazilian cities. The priority agenda set by President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva has focused on three key pillars: combating hunger and poverty, promoting sustainable development, and reforming global governance. This period marked the return of Brasil's leadership on the international agenda. 

Global Alliance Against Hunger gains momentum

One of the main achievements of the Brazilian presidency is the consolidation of the Global Alliance Against Hunger and Poverty, which President Lula will officially launch during the opening session. The initiative already has the support of several countries and international organizations, establishing practical mechanisms for implementing effective public policies to combat hunger. 

Progress on the climate and tax agenda

The Brazilian presidency has secured significant progress in two crucial areas: climate issues and international taxation. In the environmental field, a historic ministerial declaration was adopted, reinforcing commitment to the Paris Agreement and the goal of limiting global warming to 1.5°C. In taxation, the Rio de Janeiro Declaration on International Tax Cooperation paved the way for a global discussion on fairer taxation of large fortunes. 

High-level international presence 

The meeting brings together leaders from G20 member countries, such as Joe Biden (USA), Xi Jinping (China), and Emmanuel Macron (France), as well as representatives from international organizations like António Guterres (UN) and Kristalina Georgieva (IMF). Brasil has also invited leaders from non-member countries and regional organizations, emphasizing the forum's inclusive nature. 

The G20 Summit in Rio de Janeiro represents the culmination of a year of intense diplomatic work under Brasil's presidency, solidifying the country's role as a consensus-builder on crucial issues for the future of global governance.

G20 Brazil 2024 Content developed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Secretariat of Social Communication of the Presidency of the Republic of Brazil.


With best regards 

Dr. Amar Nath Giri 

AM Green Kakinada: The first zero emission cluster in the world now part of WEF initiative

 AM Green Kakinada: The first zero emission cluster in the world now part of WEF initiative Aims to send out a strong message on the importance of a collective approach towards global industrial decarbonisation.



AM Green Kakinada: The first zero emission cluster in the world now part of WEF initiative

Aims to send out a strong message on the importance of a collective approach towards global industrial decarbonisation


by Jayashree Kini Mendes

November 18, 2024


AM Green Kakinada Cluster has joined the World Economic Forum’s (WEF) “Transitioning Industrial Clusters Initiative” aimed improving collaboration and develop a shared vision among co-located companies and public institutions with the goals of driving economic growth, employment and reducing CO2e emissions.


By joining the WEF Transitioning Industrial Clusters initiative, AM Green Kakinada Cluster aims to send out a strong message on the importance of a collective approach towards global industrial decarbonisation and create an integrated green industrial ecosystem that will maximize economic, social and environment outcomes in India.


With over $3 billion initial investment, the cluster is expected to create over 10,000 direct and indirect jobs, boosting local and national economies, while supporting industries like construction, equipment manufacturing, and housing.


Making the announcement AM Green, chairman Anil Chalamalasetty, said, “Global decarbonisation solutions at scale and speed are the need of the day to bring in the new vision of global energy transition to life. We believe that this is a wonderful opportunity and a challenge that we have been working tirelessly for over the past many years. We look forward to engaging with the WEF initiative and to fulfilling the cluster transition goals.”


“We are pleased to welcome the AM Green Kakinada Cluster to our global network of 25 industrial clusters, marking an important step for India’s energy transition. With Andhra Pradesh’s renewable resources, the Kakinada Cluster has the potential to advance green ammonia and hydrogen production regionally. As part of the Transitioning Industrial Clusters community, AM Green Kakinada will have the opportunity to share insights and contribute to the collective progress in industrial decarbonization,” said Roberto Bocca, head of the centre for energy and materials and member of the executive committee at the World Economic Forum.


Overall ~$15 billion of upstream ecosystem investments are part of the functions of Kakinada cluster. Furthermore, the projected emissions at the commencement of cluster operations in 2026 are 0 Mt CO2e.


Starting with a production capacity of 1 mtpa of green ammonia, the Kakinada cluster will also include a 2 GW electrolyser manufacturing plant, and other green molecule production facilities ensuring a robust supply chain for equipment.


The cluster will be powered by 24/7 carbon-free energy enabled through pumped storage projects and offer integrated utilities like green steam, desalinated water, and effluent treatment facilities.


AM Green aims to provide global industrial decarbonisation solutions through this key green industrial cluster in Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, positioning India as a key player in global decarbonisation and energy transition efforts. The cluster will be a zero emission facility producing essential green molecules for energy transition, including green ammonia, green hydrogen, sustainable aviation fuel, green olefins, and more.


AM Green is developing one of the world’s largest green ammonia platforms, achieving 5 million tons per year by 2030, supporting its efforts to achieve net zero targets both in India and OECD markets. This output will be equivalent to approximately 1 mtpa of green hydrogen, accounting for one-fifth of India’s target for green hydrogen production under the National Green Hydrogen Mission and 10 percent of Europe’s target for green hydrogen imports. AM Green is developing production capabilities for other green molecules like green caustic soda, e-methanol, olefins & biofuels for decarbonisation in hard-to-abate industries.


https://www.constructionweekonline.in/business/am-green-kakinada-the-first-zero-emission-cluster-in-the-world-now-part-of-wef-initiative


With best regards,

Dr. Amar Nath Giri

https://dramarnathgiri.blogspot.com/2022/05/improving-operation-of-ammonia.html?m=1

Transpiration

 Transpiration


is a biological process that involves the movement of water within plants and the subsequent evaporation of water vapor from aerial parts, primarily from the leaves but also from stems and flowers. Here's a detailed explanation of the process:

Key Components of Transpiration

1. Water Absorption:

- Roots absorb water from the soil through root hairs.

- The water is drawn into the plant by osmosis, moving from areas of lower solute concentration in the soil to areas of higher solute concentration within the plant cells.

2. Water Transport:

- Once inside the plant, water travels through the xylem vessels, which are specialized for water transport.

- The cohesion and adhesion properties of water molecules allow them to form a continuous column within the xylem.

3. Evaporation

- Water reaches the leaves, where it enters the air spaces within the leaf tissue.

- Through the process of evaporation, water changes from liquid to vapor.

4. Stomatal Regulation:

- The majority of transpiration occurs through small pores on the leaf surface called stomata.

- Stomata can open and close to regulate water loss, controlled by guard cells that respond to environmental conditions such as light, humidity, and carbon dioxide levels.

Functions of Transpiration

 

- Cooling: Transpiration helps to cool plants by releasing heat during the evaporation process, similar to sweating in animals.

- Nutrient Uptake: As water is drawn up from the roots, it carries dissolved minerals and nutrients essential for plant growth.

- Gas Exchange: Transpiration facilitates the exchange of gases, including oxygen and carbon dioxide, which is vital for photosynthesis.

- Water Movement: It helps maintain water movement throughout the plant, ensuring cells remain hydrated and turgid.

Factors Affecting Transpiration

- Environmental Conditions: Temperature, humidity, wind speed, and light intensity can all influence the rate of transpiration.

CO2 is one of the most important GHGs in the atmosphere and is the primary driver of anthropogenic climate change

 

Why CO2 is the primary driver of climate change
CO2 is one of the most important GHGs in the atmosphere and is the primary driver of anthropogenic climate change. Here is a look at why CO2 has caused most of the global warming

India’s carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from burning fossil fuels are expected to increase by 4.6% in 2024, the highest among major economies, according to a new report by Global Carbon Project, an organisation that quantifies the world’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.

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Globally, fossil-based CO2 emissions are set to touch a record high of 37.4 billion tonnes this year, a rise of 0.8% from 2023, the report said. At this rate, there is “a 50% chance global warming will exceed 1.5 degree Celsius consistently in about six years”.

CO2 is one of the most important GHGs in the atmosphere and is the primary driver of anthropogenic climate change.



But first, what are greenhouse gases?
GHGs are those gases in the Earth’s atmosphere that trap heat. The Sun emits shortwave radiation or sunlight that passes through the atmosphere and is absorbed by the planet’s surface to warm it. However, some of this sunlight is reflected back by the surface as infrared radiation (heat) which has a longer wavelength.


GHGs such as CO2 and methane (CH4), which cannot absorb shortwave radiation, trap infrared radiation. That is because unlike oxygen or nitrogen molecules, CO2 and methane are made up of three or more atoms, which gives them a larger variety of ways to stretch and bend and twist. This means that they can absorb a wider range of wavelengths, including infrared radiation, Jason Smerdon, a climate scientist at Columbia University, told State of the Planet, a news site of the Columbia Climate School.

Simply put, GHGs act like a blanket that envelopes Earth and insulates it from the cold of space. This process of maintaining a warmer temperature is called the greenhouse effect. GHGs like CO2, CH4, and water vapour occur naturally and are a boon for the planet as in their absence there would not be the greenhouse effect without which there would not be liquid water and any form of life.

The issue is not the presence of GHGs but their concentration levels, meaning their amount in the atmosphere. For about a thousand years before the Industrial Revolution, the GHG concentration remained relatively constant. Since then, there has been a constant rise in the amount of some of the GHGs, especially CO2, due to human activities like burning fossil fuels. As a result, more heat is getting trapped in the atmosphere, leading to a rise in global temperatures.


Also in Explained | Is Earth becoming warmer?
Why has CO2 caused most of the global warming?
Studies have shown that CO2 has contributed more than any driver to climate change. In fact, CO2 is responsible for about 70% of global warming, according to an analysis by Facts on Climate Change, a Czech Republic-based independent think tank.

In 2013, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) — the United Nations body that advances scientific knowledge about climate change — compared the “radiative forcing” (RF) or heating effect of three different climate drivers: GHGs, aerosols, and land use change. It was found that between 1750 and 2011, CO2 had the highest positive RF, meaning it had the greatest warming effect on the planet.

The analysis also showed that other GHGs such as CH4 or Hydrofluorocarbons (an entirely human-made GHG) which are much more potent — while CH4 is around 80 times more powerful than CO2, HFCs can be thousands of times more powerful — had less heating effect than CO2.


There are two reasons for this. One, CO2 is much more abundant in the atmosphere compared to CH4 and HFCs. Since the onset of industrial times in the 18th century, human activities have raised atmospheric CO2 by 50%, which means the amount of CO2 is now 150% of its value in 1750 (see chart), according to a report in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

CO2 levels The graph, based on the comparison of atmospheric samples contained in ice cores and more recent direct measurements, shows the rise of atmospheric CO2 since the Industrial Revolution. (Credit: NASA)
Two, CO2 remains in the atmosphere longer than the other major GHGs emitted due to human activities. It takes about a decade for CH4 emissions to leave the atmosphere (it converts into CO2) and about a century for nitrous oxide (N2O).

“After a pulse of CO2 is emitted into the atmosphere, 40% will remain in the atmosphere for 100 years and 20% will reside for 1000 years, while the final 10% will take 10,000 years to turn over,” a report by the Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS), a US-based non-profit organisation, said.

Notably, water vapour is the most abundant GHG in the atmosphere. However, it has a short cycle (10 days on average) and does not build up in the atmosphere in the same way as CO2 does. Therefore, water vapour does not have much heating effect compared to CO2. But as global temperatures continue to soar, more water evaporates into the atmosphere, causing more warming.

Sunday, 17 November 2024

COP29 Diary (November 15, 2024): New draft text on NCQG released

 downtoearth

COP29 Diary (November 15, 2024): New draft text on NCQG released

Climate Change

COP29 Diary (November 15, 2024): New draft text on NCQG released

Global Matchmaking Platform for Industrial Decarbonisation launched as support mechanism to fast-track decarbonisation of heavy emitting industries

Upamanyu Das, Trishant Dev, Akshit Sangomla, Rohini Krishnamurthy, Parth Kumar, Manas Agrawal

Published:16th Nov, 2024 at 4:46 PM

The 29th Conference of Parties (COP29) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Baku, Azerbaijan, began November 11, 2024. Here’s a look at what happened on the fifth day of COP29. Also read the diary for November 11, November 12, November 13 and November 14.

New Collective Quantified Goal for Climate Finance (NCQG)

The co-chairs released a new draft text based on the mandate received from Parties to streamline the first iteration of the draft decision text without making any substantive changes. The new text brings together paragraphs with similar themes, retains proposals that carry different nuances, and considers inputs for streamlining received from informal Party discussions. The co-chairs also stated that any new inputs from the concurrent informal Party discussions can be incorporated into the text before November 16’s deadline. Parties continued to engage with each other on issues of access, transparency and dis-enablers through the day.

Article 6.4

On Article 6.4, discussions were carried forward on the draft text that was released on November 14, mainly around the scope and changes to the authorisation process. Countries chose from different options on these elements and there were differences in preferences. 

Article 6.2

On Article 6.2, a much-streamlined draft decision text was provided on November 15 by the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice chair than the text that came out on November 14 and had been a source of confusion and disappointment among negotiators. The new text was discussed by the negotiators in the evening session on November 15 and saw a general preference for this text, although some parties voiced their reservations about some sections — especially on the scope of authorisation and use of Internationally Traded Mitigation Outcomes (ITMOs) if inconsistencies are found. Another late-night meeting discussed the mode of work going forward.

Unilateral Trade Measures

A presidential meeting was held on the concerns over restrictive unilateral trade measures. G77 & China made a submission opposing unilateral trade measures and advocating for them to be discussed in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) forum. India, too, voiced its concerns with such measures and said restrictive unilateral measures force developing and low-income nations to bear the costs of transitioning to low-carbon economies. The European Union was opposed to the idea of discussing such measures at UNFCCC, saying that it is already being addressed at the World Trade Organization (WTO).

Mitigation Work Programme (MWP)

An informal note was laid before parties by co-facilitators and several developing countries in the Mitigation Ambition and Implementation Work Programme (MWP) forum. It opined that the text cannot be accepted as the basis of further work of the forum. According to Like-Minded Developing Countries, many elements were beyond the mandate of the forum. India shared these concerns, calling the language prescriptive and outside the scope of the work programme and additionally highlighted the need to discuss unilateral trade measures — something that Grupo SUR has highlighted in earlier meetings.

Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA)

The discussions on the GGA revolved around the indicators for tracking the progress made on the various thematic and dimensional targets under the GGA framework. The disagreements between developed and developing countries remained on a number of indicators, whether and how they can be aggregated coming from different contexts, the definition of indicators to track the means of implementation which was major contention at COP 28 and was kept out of the decision text.

National Adaptation Plans (NAPs)

The new draft text on the NAPs was rejected by the G77 and China bloc on the basis of non-inclusion of reference to means of implementation that has been the main demand of the developing country Parties. They also contended the inclusion of private sector resources for NAP implementation.

Eye on methane

The United Nations Environment Programme launched its “An Eye on Methane” report at COP29, highlighting how little governments do to check methane emissions despite making pledges. The report finds that only over 1 per cent of governments and companies have responded to methane alter leaks from around the world. Read more here.

Big divide

A day after the European Union voiced their support for expanding contributor base and stressed that private finance has a key role to play in NCQG, the Least Developed Countries (LDC) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS) had a very different view on the two issues. The two blocs told journalists that the new goal should be largely supported by public finance. They called for minimum allocation of US$39 billion for SIDS and US$220 billion for LDCs per year.

Industrial decarbonisation through CCS deployment

The Global Cement and Concrete Association organised a discussion on carbon capture storage (CCS) deployment at its pavilion at COP29. The discussion had representatives from the US Department of Energy, Clean Air Task Force from Europe, Global CCS Institute China and the Holcim Group. The discussion centred around the needs for ramping up CCS, scaling it up, how policy could bridge its shortfalls as well as the geopolitics around it.

Pavan Chilukuri, vice president, CCUS, Holcim, pointed out Europe to be the company’s most favourable place for CCS/CCUS projects due to their policies like ETS, CBAM, provision of capex and opex support through EU innovation funds, presence of market for low carbon cement and an additional revenue stream through monetising Centres for Construction Development and Research in the voluntary market. He pointed out the US has certainty of investment through its 45 Q policy but the amount of $85 is too low for a cement plant with storage farther than 20 kilometres.

Chilukuri appreciated China’s effort to de-risk CCU/CCS. However, he pointed out that since the country utilises CO2 on a large scale, it becomes difficult for companies to achieve their near zero, especially if it is for 2050 or before. This is because if one makes fuels from CO2, one ends up adding to one’s scope 3 emissions.

A lot of emphasis was put on governments to invest in transportation and storage infrastructure because without it, companies would also not be able to move faster as they are limited to capturing CO2. Although countries like the US have allocated funds for infrastructure and plans to make storage hubs, it might take some time to have it all on the ground. 

Three pledges to promote ambition of tripling RE and doubling energy efficiency by 2030

At a high level ministerial on green energy, the COP29 presidency called on parties to endorse three initiatives supporting last year’s pledge on renewable energy, energy efficiency and hydrogen.

The Global Energy Storage and Grids Pledge, led by the COP29 Presidency, aims to achieve a global target of 1,500 GW in energy storage and 25 million kilometres of grid infrastructure by 2030 and an additional 65 million kilometres by 2040.

The Green Energy Zones and Corridors Pledge complements the focus on grid expansion. Azerbaijan announced the Central Asia-Azerbaijan Green Energy Corridor as an initiative to promote green energy interconnectedness in Central Asia.

The third was the Hydrogen Declaration, which aims to catalyse a global clean hydrogen market.

The high-level presidency roundtable was backed by Sweden, Uruguay, the UAE and Brazil, along with multilateral development banks, Global Renewable Alliance and Green Climate Fund, though the signatories have not been mentioned yet.

Launch of Global Matchmaking Platform

The Climate Club, along with UNIDO, launched the Global Matchmaking Platform for Industrial Decarbonisation on November 15 evening. The Global Matchmaking Platform is a support mechanism of the Climate Club designed to fast-track the decarbonisation of heavy emitting industries and foster zero and low-emission industrial development in emerging and developing economies.

The launch event witnessed representatives from Uruguay, Chile, Germany, Bangladesh, Turkey and Ukraine along with World Bank, Climate Investment Funds and International Energy Agency promoting industrial decarbonisation. The effort is aimed at promoting knowledge sharing and technology transfer in hard-to-abate industrial sectors. The co-chair from Germany highlighted that collaborations between the Global South and Global North are imperative and their aim is to increase the pool of donors and banks by COP30 in Brazil.  

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