Trina Solar's monocrystalline bifacial modules, such as those in the Vertex and Vertex S+ series, use a robust dual-glass structure and advanced cell technologies like PERC or N-type i-TOPCon to capture solar energy from both the front and back sides.
Structure and CompositionThe key structural components and materials typically include:
Solar Cells: Monocrystalline silicon cells (often 210mm large-size wafers) are used. These cells feature multi-busbar technology for better current collection and high-density interconnection to maximize efficiency.
Cell Technology: The modules often employ Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell (PERC) technology or the more advanced N-type i-TOPCon technology. The bifacial design means the rear face of the cell lacks a full aluminum back surface field, allowing light to enter and be converted to electricity from both sides.
Front Glass (Superstrate): A layer of high-transmission, low-iron, anti-reflective (AR-coated), heat-strengthened tempered glass, typically 2.0 mm thick.
Rear Glass (Substrate): A second layer of heat-strengthened tempered glass (sometimes with a white grid for specific aesthetics/performance), also around 2.0 mm thick, replaces the traditional polymer backsheet. This transparent structure allows the capture of reflected light (albedo) from the surroundings, boosting total power generation by 5% to 30% depending on the surface.
Encapsulant Material: UV-resistant Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA) or Polyolefin Elastomer (POE) film is used to laminate and protect the cells between the two glass layers.
Frame: An anodized aluminum alloy frame provides structural integrity and mounting points.
Junction Box: An IP 68-rated junction box ensures robust, weatherproof electrical connections.
Cables and Connectors: Photovoltaic technology cables (e.g., 4.0mm²) with industry-standard connectors like MC4 EVO2 or TS4 are used for electrical output.
Key Features
Bifaciality: The ability to generate power from both sides, with a bifaciality factor typically around 70-85%.
Durability: The glass-glass construction enhances resistance to harsh environments such as salt, ammonia, and sand, minimizes micro-cracks, and results in a longer lifespan and lower annual degradation rate compared to traditional modules.
High Power Output: The integration of 210mm wafers and high-density interconnection technologies allows these modules to achieve ultra-high power outputs, often exceeding 600W in commercial applications.
Overview:
ReplyDelete❖ Dirt built-up over the solar arrays can substantially affect system performance.
❖ It is essential to clean the modules regularly to maximize energy output from a solarpower plant. However, wrong cleaning practices, bad quality water and use of
inappropriate cleaning agents may damage modules and other array components
and lower system performance as well.
❖ It is also essential to train the cleaning personnel on proper cleaning methods and
use of appropriate cleaning tools.
❖ Solar modules are connected in series and generate upto 1500V DC. Damaged cables
or joints in a string are extremely dangerous for cleaning person particularly when
the modules are wet.
❖ Cleaning personnel shall wear appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
during cleaning.
Water temperature:
❖ Temperature of water used for cleaning should be same as ambient temperature at
the time of cleaning.
❖
Cleaning should be carried out when the modules are cool to avoid thermal shock
which can potentially cause cracks on the modules.
Water pressure:
❖ Water pressure should not exceed 35 bar at the nozzle. Use of high pressure hoses
for cleaning may exert excess pressure and damage modules.
Use of cleaning agent:
❖ A mild, non-abrasive, non-caustic detergent with deionized water may be used.
Abrasive cleaners or de-greasers should not be used. Acid or alkali detergent must
not be used.
❖ In the case of soiling by dust or sand, modules may be cleaned with a soft brush
without using water.
❖ Never scrape or rub off dirt, as this may result in micro-scratches and can damage
the anti-reflective coating on the module glass.
❖ Do not use a pressure washer or walk on the solar modules.
Removing stubborn marks:
❖ To remove stubborn dirt such as bird droppings, dead insects, tar etc.,
use a soft sponge, micro-fiber cloth or non-abrasive brush. Rinse the
module immediately with plenty of water.
Cleaning Time:
❖ The recommended time for cleaning modules is during low light
conditions when power generation is lowest.
❖ The best time to clean modules is from dusk to dawn when the plant
is not in operation and risk of electrical shock hazard is minimum.
Removing stubborn marks:
❖ To remove stubborn dirt such as bird droppings, dead insects, tar etc.,
use a soft sponge, micro-fiber cloth or non-abrasive brush. Rinse the
module immediately with plenty of water.
Removing stubborn marks:.
Quality of water:
❖ De-ionized water should be used to clean the modules.
❖ If de-ionized water is not available, rainwater or tap water can be used.
Tap water must be of low mineral content with total hardness less than
75ppm & pH level <10.
❖ In case mineral content of water used is more than 75ppm but less than
200ppm the water must be mopped off to prevent scale build up over module surface. Water with mineral content of more than 200ppmshould NOT be used. Water must be free from grit and physical contaminants that could damage the panel surface
Regular maintenance:
❖It recommends regular annual inspections of the PV system to ensure that:
❖ All fixtures are securely tightened and corrosion-free;
❖ Wiring is securely connected, properly arranged and free of corrosion;
Cables are free of damage.
Drying:
❖ Modules should be dried after rinsing using a chamois or rubber wiper with a plastic frame on an extension pole. Wipe the module surface from top to bottom to remove any residual water from the module.