S.No. |
Topic |
1.0 |
Preamble |
2.0 |
Common Incineration Facilities |
3.0 |
Transportation of Hazardous Waste |
4.0 |
Storage of Hazardous Waste |
5.0 |
Analytical Laboratory Facilities |
6.0 |
Waste Feeding Mechanisms |
7.0 |
Combustion Chambers |
7.1 |
Rotary Kiln |
7.2 |
Secondary Combustion Chamber |
8.0 |
Pollution Control Devices |
9.0 |
Monitoring and Online Display Requirements |
10.0 |
Ash / Slag Management |
11.0 |
Bleed / scrubber Liquor Management |
12.0 |
Organizational Structure |
13.0 |
Others |
|
Preamble |
Thermal oxidation
through incinerator is one of the proven technologies for destruction
of hazardous waste in all the forms i.e. solid / semi solid / liquid
and gaseous, based on the feeding system, so as to render them innocuous
in the form of non-toxic and non-hazardous residues. Though it is a
solution for destruction of complex hazardous waste, requires
knowledge to judge the compatibility of various wastes for the purpose
of homogenization of feeding waste, to operate and maintain thermal
processes, pollution control devices, which demands skill &
experience, in order to comply with the environmental regulations for
common hazardous waste incineration facilities ( ANNEXURE - I ).
The Common incineration facilities are, in
principle, expected to handle the hazardous waste in solid and liquid
forms having high degree of variation in respect of characteristics
due to different nature of member industries, which will have direct
bearing on efficiency of combustion system and pollution control
devices. Therefore, experience in other parts of the world, particularly
in case of handling hazardous waste in solid form, drive us to adopt
rotary kilns followed by secondary combustion chambers as a set-up for
combustion part of the incineration system, unless other combinations
demonstrate equally in delivering required efficiency. As such, in
India, existing three common incineration facilities do have the same
combination; therefore the guidelines presented in this document cover
such set-up. |
COMMON INCINERATION FACILITIES |
Common hazardous waste
incineration facilities are those facilities, which handle hazardous
waste from more than one industry either installed as an integral part
or located elsewhere.
Various concerned components of common incineration
facility include proper transportation, storage, analytical
laboratory facilities, feeding mechanism, incineration system (rotary
kiln & post combustion chamber), gas cleaning system, tail gas
monitoring facilities with automatic on-line monitoring & control
facilities, ash/slag management, bleed/scrubber liquor management and
measures for health protection of workers. Guidelines for maintaining
each of these components in order to comply with the prescribed
standards are given in the subsequent chapters. |
TRANSPORTATION OF HAZARDOUS WASTE |
All the provisions
corresponding to transportation of hazardous wastes under various Acts
including the Hazardous Wastes (Management & Handling) Rules
& subsequent amendments and Motor Vehicle Act, shall be duly
complied with, in all respects (coding, containers, manifest system etc .). Guidelines for transportation of hazardous waste include, but not limited, to the following: |
Generators responsibilities: |
- Generator of the hazardous waste shall ensure that
wastes are packaged in a manner suitable for safe handling, storage
and transportation. Labeling on packaging is readily visible and
material used for packaging shall withstand physical and climatic
conditions.
- Generator shall ensure that information regarding
characteristics of wastes particularly in terms of being Corrosive,
Reactive, Ignitable or Toxic is provided on the label.
- All hazardous waste containers shall be provided
with a general label as given in Form 8 in Hazardous Waste (Management
& Handling) Rules, 1989, as amended.
- Transporter shall not accept hazardous wastes from
an occupier (generator) unless six-copy (with colour codes) of the
manifest (Form 9) is provided by the generator. The transporter shall
give a copy of the manifest signed and dated to the generator and
retain the remaining four copies to be used for further necessary
action prescribed in the Hazardous Wastes (Management & Handling)
Rules, 1989, as under:
|
Copy 1 |
(White) |
Forwarded to the Pollution Control Board by the occupier |
Copy 2 |
(Light Yellow) |
Signed by the transporter and retained by the occupier |
Copy 3 |
(Pink) |
Retained by the operator of a facility |
Copy 4 |
(Orange) |
Returned to the transporter by the operator of facility after accepting waste |
Copy 5 |
(Green) |
Forward to Pollution Control Board by the operator of facility after disposal. |
Copy 6 |
(Blue) |
Returned to the occupier by the operator of the facility after disposal. |
|
|
- Generator shall provide the transporter with
relevant information in Form 10 i.e. Transport Emergency (TREM) Card
regarding the hazardous nature of the waste and measures to be taken
in case of an emergency.
|
Transporters responsibilities: |
- Obtaining permission from SPCB for transport of
hazardous waste [in addition to any other permissions that may be
required under the Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act of 1988].
- The transport vehicles shall be designed suitably to handle and transport the hazardous wastes of various characteristics.
- Maintaining the manifest system as required.
- Transporting the wastes in closed containers at all times
- Delivering the wastes at designated points
- Informing SPCB and other regulatory authorities
immediately in case of spillage, leakage or other accidents during
transportation
- Cleanup in case of contamination.
|
STORAGE OF HAZARDOUS WASTE |
- Separate area should be earmarked for storing the
waste and storage area may consist of different cells for storing
different kinds of hazardous wastes.
- Ignitable, reactive and non-compatible wastes shall be stored separately.
- Adequate storage capacity shall be provided in the premises
- No open storage is permissible and the designated
hazardous waste storage area shall have proper enclosures, including
safety requirements.
- In order to have appropriate measures to prevent
percolation of spills, leaks etc. to the soil and ground water, the
storage area may be provided with concrete pavement and / or welded
iron sheet depending on the characteristics of the waste handled.
- Storage area shall be designed in such a way that the floor level is at least 150 mm above the maximum flood level.
- Proper stacking of drums with wooden frames shall be practised.
- Incase of spills / leaks, cotton shall be used for cleaning instead of water.
- Signboards showing precautionary measures to be
taken, in case of normal and emergency situations shall be displayed
at appropriate locations.
- To the extent possible, manual operations with in
storage area are to be avoided. Incase of personnel use, proper
precautions need to be taken, particularly during loading / unloading
of liquid hazardous. Waste in drums
- A system for inspection of storage area to check
the conditions of the containers, spillages, leakages etc. shall be
established and proper records shall be maintained.
|
ANALYTICAL LABORATORY FACILITIES |
- Generators sending hazardous waste to the
incineration facility are required to provide necessary test report of
hazardous waste to the operator along with the information on the
process(s) of its generation.
- The tests to be conducted at incineration facility
shall be with an objective to study i) Storage & feeding
requirements; ii) operating conditions of the furnaces; iii) Feed
concentration within the efficiency levels of air pollution control
devices to comply with flue gas standards. The activity specific
relevant parameters are indicated below:
|
- Storage & feeding requirements: Physical form of waste, pH, hazardous waste properties such as inflammability, reactivity, compatibility with other wastes etc. for segregating the waste and to store accordingly, in order to suit feeding mechanism.
- Operating conditions of the furnaces: viscosity,
moisture content, total organic carbon, calorific value, volatility
of the waste, special incompatible wastes, inorganic salts, metals
etc.
- Air pollution control devices :
chlorides & other halogens, sulphur, nitrates, mercury & other
heavy metals etc. Therefore, relevant parameters may be analyzed
while accepting the waste.
|
- The laboratory facilities shall give clear
directions to the operators, two days in advance as far as possible,
regarding type of waste to be incinerated in a particular date and its
properties.
- Therefore, the laboratory at the incineration facilities shall be capable of monitoring all the above parameters.
|
WASTE FEEDING MECHANISMS |
- Maintaining designed heat capacity of the
combustion chambers under varying feed calorific values demands skill.
In absence of proper hands on training and adequate knowledge, the
minimum negative pressure could not be maintained at all the times
leading to diffused emissions / sudden puffing of emissions into the
secondary combustion chambers constraining the retention time resulting
in poor efficiency. Besides, these temperature fluctuations will have
negative bearing on refractory and insulation material.
- Therefore, continuous feeding of homogeneous waste
having same / similar calorific value to the combustion chambers is
the desired choice. However, often maintaining homogeneous feed of
waste is not feasible due to incompatibility of different wastes for
mixing. Conventionally, hazardous wastes in solid form are fed through
a hydraulic system, which will have automatic two gates i.e. once the
outside plate is closed, inner side plate is opened and solid waste
mass is hydraulically pushed inside the Kiln and once the inner side
plate is closed, outer plate is opened for next batch of solid waste.
This system, besides negative pressure in the combustion chambers is
required to ensure safety and to prevent workmen exposure to thermal
radiation.
- Thus, waste-feeding mechanism plays an important
role to achieve desired combustion efficiencies. For example, the
variety of wastes received from the member industries can be
classified into following for better control of combustion:
|
Waste in solid form |
|
Property |
Options |
High calorific value containing waste (organic residues) |
Quantity of solid mass feeding may be reduced in each charging to contain temperature shoot-ups. |
Besides, following are used in specific cases: |
Low calorific value liquid waste may be parallelly injected; and/or |
Steam may be parallelly injected |
Reactive waste, which can not be mixed with others |
Sealed drums, as such, may be charged into the kilns. |
Depending on calorific value, size of the drum / container may be specified to the member industry for such waste. |
Other mixable solid waste having moderate calorific value |
May be homogenized to the extent possible and charged to the kilns at desired quantity of packets and frequency. |
Specific materials which melts on heating |
Here, the
possibility would be to ask the member industry to store in required
capacity of the container, which can be directly injected with out
heating; or to provide a system by which such drums can be heated-up and
can be charged through closed-loop pressurized nitrogen. |
|
|
Waste in semi solid form |
|
Property |
Options |
Very high solids concentration |
Fully shelled (to prevent diffused emissions) screw pumps may be a choice |
Relatively low conc. of solids / low viscosity |
Pumps similar to the one used for cement concrete charging may be used. |
Highly reactive / inflammable liquids |
May be directly
injected into combustion chambers without mixing with other wastes.
The charging from the containers may be through closed loop nitrogen
pressure purging. |
Liquids having high calorific value (ex. contaminated solvents) |
Can replace auxiliary fuel requirement, once the combustion chambers reaches to its designed temperatures. |
Liquids having properties similar to that of auxiliary fuel |
Once it is
established, these liquids can be used for raising the initial
temperature of the combustion chambers. However, specific tests in
support of such claims be produced by a recognized credible third
party. |
Liquids having low calorific values |
These may be
injected in to kilns to suppress the temperature shoot-ups due to high
calorific solid/ other special liquid waste feeds. |
|
|
- Depending on type of wastes received, the scheme
shall be established by the common incineration facility and the
member industry shall place the corresponding code number/ sticker and
it is to be verified by analytical laboratory of common incineration
facility to ensure appropriate feeding by operator of the facility.
- While charging the liquid hazardous waste, filtering the liquids may be required to avoid chocking of pumps.
- Non-easily pumpable wastes (ex. High viscous,
having high solids content etc.) may require pressurized nitrogen
purging for charging the liquid to the combustion chambers.
- Incase of emptying liquid waste containing drums
by inserting suction pumps & induced draft (hoods and ducts),
set-up above such drum emptying area for collection of volatile
organic compounds (VOCs) must be ensured. These collected diffused
emissions must be controlled / routed to the combustion chambers.
- Feeding pipeline and equipment are to be cleaned
before a new type of waste is fed to the combustion system to avoid
undesired reactions.
|
COMBUSTION CHAMBERS (Rotary Kiln and Secondary Combustion Chamber) |
- Incineration plants shall be designed, equipped,
built and operated in such a way that the gas resulting from the
process is raised, after the last injection of combustion air, in a
controlled and homogenous fashion.
- Incineration plant shall be equipped with at least
one auxiliary burner. This burner must be switched on automatically
with the temperature of the combustion gases after the last injection
of combustion air falls below specified temperature. It shall also be
used during plant start-up and shut-down operations in order to ensure
that the minimum specified temperature is maintained at all times
during these operations and as long as unburnt waste is in the
combustion chamber.
- During the start-up and shut-down or when the
temperature of the combustion gas falls below specified minimum
temperature, the auxiliary burner shall not be fed with fuels, which
can cause higher emissions than those resulting from burning of gas
oil /liquefied gas / natural gas.
- The burners may be pressure-atomized type with approved certification from the Bureau of Indian Standards or equivalent.
- In case of low calorific value liquid fuels are
proposed to be injected into kiln, then double fuel injection burners
may carry auxiliary fuel or equivalent liquid waste in one injection
tube and low calorific value waste feed in other.
- Kiln and secondary combustion chamber of the
incinerator may be made of mild steel conforming to IS: 2062 and of
suitable thickness lined with high-grade refractory and insulation, so
as not to buckle in or bulge out.
- Combustion chambers (Kiln & secondary
combustion chamber) shall be supplied with excessive air to ensure
complete burning of wastes. The blower shall have the capability to
provide appropriate supply of combustion air.
- An inventory of fuel oil for 5days continuous operation of the incineration facility may be kept in reserve.
- Incinerator facility shall have a window fitted
with safety view glass to view the kiln (axially) and flame in
secondary combustion chambers.
- As the common incineration systems will be
handling wastes having varying heat value, and while ensuring TOC and
LOI requirements in the ash/slag, there are possibilities for sudden
rise of temperatures in the kiln. Therefore, the facilities may like
to have thermal refractory bricks and insulation capable of
withstanding a minimum temperature of 1,300°C (typically, corundum /
chromium bricks).
- Needful safety arrangement must be provided in case of high-pressure development in the furnace.
- Interlocking arrangements for CO and temperature
controls (in primary and secondary chamber) with feeding devices shall
also be provided.
- All the burners are to be equipped with flame
control system (if no flame is detected, fuel injection has to be
stopped, automatically – use of fast-stop-valve).
- Whenever the pressure in the combustion chambers
becomes positive, immediately the feeding of waste shall be stopped
and needful measures be taken to restore negative pressure.
- Exit doors shall be provided at suitable place,
one each on the primary kiln and the secondary chamber of the
incinerator for ease in inspection and maintenance.
|
Rotary Kiln |
- To maintain designed heat capacity of the kiln,
quantity of the solid waste injection package (kg/single injection)
shall be adjusted w.r.t. calorific value of the waste feed.
- When a high calorific value possessing solid waste
is injected in packets, the size of each injection may be reduced,
such that the peak CO concentration in the Kiln does not exceed too
high in the initial stage, creating shooting of emissions to the
secondary chamber, thereby crisis in ensuring the required retention
time.
- Appropriate slope (in general, 3 degrees),
rotation rates (around 10/hr) and solid waste residence time (1-10
hrs) may be adjusted for the kilns, in order to achieve total organic
carbon (TOC) and loss on ignition (LOI) requirements in the ash/slag.
- To ensure life of refractory and insulation
bricks, it is a practice to feed silica and glass in appropriate
ratios to the kilns to form a cover over the refractory lining, as and
when the thickness of the layer reduces.
- It has been reported that reduction of out-side
surface temperature of the rotary kiln enhances the life of refractory
bricks and lining. Thus may be explored, where feasible.
- In the rotary kiln, the temperature shall be
maintained at 800+°C in order to ensure complete burning of solid
waste. Controlled flow of air shall be maintained for complete
volatilization of solid waste.
|
Secondary Combustion Chamber |
- Minimum temperature requirement in the secondary
combustion chamber is 1100° C. This may be ensured by averaging the
temperature measurement of three detectors (not exactly positioned in
the burner flame) at the same time with in the combustion chamber.
- The design and operating conditions shall
demonstrate a minimum of 2 seconds residence time in the secondary
combustion chambers, under critical feed conditions, so as to bring
complete combustion of volatile matter evolved from the primary
combustion chamber.
- Incase, the consistent compliance with standards
based on continuous monitoring results over a period of two weeks,
under critical feed conditions, is successfully demonstrated, then
State Pollution Control Board / Pollution Control Committee, can
recommend the proposal made by the incineration facility for
relaxation in temperature and residence time, but in any case not less
than 950 °C and 1.5 seconds, for the consideration and approval of the
Central Board.
|
POLLUTION CONTROL DEVICES |
- Pollution control devices are required to comply
with prescribed standards for particulate matter, HCl, SO2, CO, Total
Organic Carbon, HF, NOX (NO and NO2 expressed as NO2 ),
Hydrocarbons, Dioxins/Furans, Cd +Th (and its compounds), Hg (and its
compounds), Sb + As + Pb + Cr + Co + Cu + Mn + Ni + V (and their
compounds). Besides above, the State Board / Pollution Control
Committee can prescribe additional parameters, as deem fit, in
consultation with the Central Pollution Control Board.
- Incineration facility shall explore, to the extent possible, for heat recovery.
- There are many combinations of treatment units
installed for gas cleaning and removal of air pollutants, to comply
with the standards. Designed treatment scheme shall comprise of
following equipment, in combination, with adequate efficiencies to
meet the emission standards:
Dioxins: Keeping De-novo
synthesis in the backdrop, steps must be taken to prevent reformation
of dioxins by rapidly lowering the flue gas temperatures, particularly
from 500° C to less than 200° C by adopting rapid quench / catalyst /
adsorption by activated carbon etc.
Particulate matter: Fine
particulates in the flue gases requires specific dust separation
technologies such as bag filters, electro static precipitator etc. in
order to meet flue gas standard. In case of electro static
precipitators, special care is required to avoid electric sparks due to
the dust to avoid reformation of dioxins and adsorption to the fine
dust.
Mercury: If the feeding waste
contains mercury and its compounds, there is an every chance of these
emissions to get air borne. Therefore, requires specific treatment for
control of these emissions. (Ex. activated carbon, conversion into
mercuric chloride and then to mercuric sulphide etc.)
SO2 : Sulphur in the feeding
waste upon thermal oxidation forms sulphur dioxide, which requires
control measures to meet the standard. Conventional method followed is
scrubbing by alkali (alkali dry / wet scrubber with hydrated lime or
sodium hydroxide injection)
HCl & HF : In order to
control halogen emissions to the desired level, in particular
chlorides and fluorides, conventionally water/alkali scrubbers are in
use.
Mist : Often there is a need to eliminate the mist in the stack emissions, therefore, where necessary de-mister may be provided.
Stack height:
- Stack height shall not be less than 30 meters, in any case.
- Stack height requirement based on sulphur dioxide
emissions by using the equation – stack height = 14 (Q) 0.3 [where, Q
is the emission rate of SO2 in kg/hr]
- By using simple Gaussian plume model to maintain
ambient air quality requirements for all concerned parameters, in the
receiving environment.
The required stack height shall be the maximum of the above three considerations.
|
MONITORING AND ON-LINE DISPLAY REQUIREMENTS |
- Sampling platform shall be provided as per CPCB
norms to collect stack samples from the chimney for monitoring the air
pollutants, as and when required. Holes need to be provided on
chimney as per standard CPCB norms, following diametric calculations.
- Frequency of monitoring for various parameters is given below:
|
|
S.No. |
Parameter |
Location |
Frequency |
1 |
Temperature |
Secondary combustion chamber, stack emissions |
Continuous monitoring |
2 |
Carbon monoxide |
Stack emissions |
Continuous |
3 |
Excess oxygen |
Secondary combustion chamber, stack emissions |
Continuous |
4 |
Pressure |
Combustion chambers |
Continuous |
5 |
Total particulate matter |
Stack emissions |
Continuous |
6 |
HCl |
Stack emissions |
Continuous |
7 |
HF |
Stack emissions |
Once in every
month, initially for first year. If the correlation with HCL scrubbing
efficiency is established, the frequency may be relaxed by the State
Boards/ Pollution Control Committees appropriately |
8 |
SO2 |
Stack emissions |
Continuous |
9 |
NOx |
Stack emissions |
Continuous |
10 |
TOC |
Stack emissions |
Continuous |
Residues from the combustion processes (slag / ash) |
Once in every
week (pooled sample), initially for first year. If there is
consistency in meeting the standard, may be relaxed to once in a month
(pooled sample) |
11 |
Loss on ignition (LOI) |
Residues from the combustion processes (slag/ash) |
-do- |
12 |
Mercury |
Stack emissions |
Twice a year, under critical operating conditions |
13 |
Heavy metals |
Stack emissions, |
Twice a year, under critical operating conditions |
14 |
Dioxins and furans |
Stack emissions, ash/dust, scrubber liquors, quench liquor |
Twice a year under critical operating conditions |
|
|
- Access shall be provided, online, to see the
continuous monitoring data by the local regulatory Board/ Committee
and annual environmental report giving complete details of operation
& compliance with regulatory requirements need to be published and
made available to the public.
- Formula to calculate the emission concentration at
standard percentage of oxygen concentration
(21 – Os) (Em)
Es = -----------
(21 – Om)
Where,
Es = Calculated emission conc. at the std. Percentage oxygen concentration
Em = Measured emission concentration
Os = Standard oxygen concentration
Om = Measured oxygen concentration
The above correction to the measured
concentrations is to be done only when the measured % oxygen conc. is
higher than the standard % oxygen conc. (i.e. 11%)
- Dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans: Analysis of
dioxins and furans as well as reference measurement methods to
calibrate automated measurement systems shall be carried out as given
by CEN-standards. If CEN-standards are not available, ISO standards,
National or International Standards, which will ensure the provision
of data of an equivalent scientific quality, shall apply.
The total concentration of dioxins and furans is
to be calculated by multiplying mass concentrations of following
Dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans with their toxic equivalence
factors, before summing:
|
Name of congener |
Toxic equivalence factor |
2,3,7,8 |
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin |
1.0 |
1,2,3,7,8 |
Pentachlorodibenzodioxin |
0.5 |
1,2,3,4,7,8 |
Hexachlorodibenzodioxin |
0.1 |
1,2,3,6,7,8 |
Hexachlorodibenzodioxin |
0.1 |
1,2,3,7,8,9 |
Hexachlorodibenzodioxin |
0.1 |
1,2,3,4,6,7,8 |
Heptachlorodibenzodioxin |
0.01 |
|
Octachlorodibenzodioxin |
0.001 |
2,3,7,8 |
Tetrachlorodibenzofuran |
0.1 |
2,3,4,7,8 |
Pentachlorodibenzofuran |
0.5 |
1,2,3,7,8 |
Pentachlorodibenzofuran |
0.05 |
1,2,3,4,7,8 |
Hexachlorodibenzofuran |
0.1 |
1,2,3,6,7,8 |
Hexachlorodibenzofuran |
0.1 |
1,2,3,7,8,9 |
Hexachlorodibenzofuran |
0.1 |
2,3,4,6,7,8 |
Hexachlorodibenzofuran |
0.1 |
1,2,3,4,6,7,8 |
Heptachlorodibenzofuran |
0.01 |
1,2,3,4,7,8,9 |
Heptachlorodibenzofuran |
0.01 |
|
Octachlorodibenzofuran |
0.001 |
|
|
ASH / SLAG MANAGEMENT |
- Water locking arrangement shall be provided for removal of ash/slag from the combustion chambers.
- Where appropriate, options may be explored for
recycling of ash/slag either with in the facility or outside.
Depending on the soluble fraction of the slag, as approved by
concerned authority, slag can be used for utilization of metals, as
road construction material etc.
- Dry slag and ash (residues from combustion
processes, boiler dust, residues from treatment of combustion gases
etc.) shall be placed in closed bags, containers etc. to prevent
diffused emissions
|
QUENCH / SCRUBBER LIQUOR MANAGEMENT |
- Appropriate treatment to the wastewaters from the cleaning of exhaust gases be provided.
- The treated wastewater shall conform to the disposal specific effluent standards.
- If forced evaporation is considered as a treatment
option for quench/ scrubber liquor, the organic emissions, if any,
shall be collected and returned to incinerator.
- Re-feeding of these liquors into the system may
enhance the concentration levels therefore, adequate sink capacity
shall be ensured.
|
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE |
The Chief executive
Officer of the facility is responsible for all the activities at the
incineration facility. He can establish an appropriate organizational
structure and suitably allocate the responsibilities. This
organizational structure shall be made available on-site to regulatory
officials. A typical organizational structure for reference is shown in
Figure-I. |
|
Figure 1: A Typical Organizational Structure
|
OTHER REQUIREMENTS |
- Proper sign boards shall be placed at all concerned areas
- Incase of emergency, protocol to be followed shall
be established and all operating staff shall be trained, accordingly.
Inter-locking systems and alarm systems shall be provided at all
reasonably possible areas
- Abnormal operations and emergency situations
should immediately be brought into the notice of the local regulatory
Board / Committee.
- While handling odourous wastes, care shall be
taken (sealed containers, vapour balancing, nitrogen blanketing etc.)
to avoid smell nuisance.
- Efforts must be made to provide diffused emissions collection and control / routing to combustion chambers
- Medical camps/ health check-ups of all the workmen
of the incineration facility shall be conducted quarterly by
registered medical practitioners.
- Adequately qualified and trained staff shall be
deputed for the operations, being sensitive in nature. No adhoc
appointments be made or no un-skilled personnel shall be engaged for
operation of the incinerators. All the personnel involved in handling
of hazardous waste and incineration shall be on pay roll.
- The incinerator shall incorporate all safety
measures so as to provide complete protection to the operator and the
unit against all possible operational/machinery failures.
- Dedicated back-up power facility shall be provided
withs arrangement to automatically start functioning immediately,
incase of power failures.
- The whole equipment, not necessarily kiln, may be painted with two coats of heat resistant (aluminium) paint.
|
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