PREAMBLE (NOT PART OF THE STANDARD)
In order to promote public education and public safety, equal justice for all,
a better informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade and world peace,
this legal document is hereby made available on a noncommercial basis, as it
is the right of all humans to know and speak the laws that govern them.
END OF PREAMBLE (NOT PART OF THE STANDARD)
IS : 3786 - 1983
(Reaffirmed 2002)
(Reaffirmed 2002)
Indian Standard
METHOD FOR COMPUTATION OF FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY RATES FOR INDUSTRIAL INJURIES AND CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS
(First Revision)
First Reprint DECEMBER 1992
UDC 658·382·3·8 (083·3)
© Copyright 1983
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002
Gr 7BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002
November 1983
i
Indian Standard
METHOD FOR COMPUTATION OF FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY RATES FOR INDUSTRIAL INJURIES AND CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS
(First Revision)
METHOD FOR COMPUTATION OF FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY RATES FOR INDUSTRIAL INJURIES AND CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS
(First Revision)
Industrial Safety Advisory Committee, ISAC
Chairman | Representing |
---|---|
Dr S. S. Ramaswamy | Directorate General Factory Advice Service and Labour Institutes (Ministry of Labour), Bombay |
Members | |
Shri P. R. Surendranathan (Alternate to Dr S. S. Ramaswamy) | |
Shri V. K. Arora | Ministry of Shipping and Transport |
Shri T. P. P. Nambiar (Alternate) | |
Shri Prem Baveja | Hindustan Aeronautic Ltd, Bangalore |
Shri B. S. Grover (Alternate) | |
Shri S. P. Bhatia | Indian Cotton Mills Federation, Bombay |
Shri Charanjit Lal | Chief Controllerate of Explosives, Nagpur |
Shri B. R. Dave (Alternate) | |
Shri N. Chakravarty | Indian Trade Union Congress, New Delhi |
Shri Karan Singh (Alternate) | |
Shri P. K. Chaudhuri | Indian Society of Engineers, Calcutta |
Dr D. K. Nag (Alternate) | |
Shri N. Chawla | Sandoz (India) Ltd, Thane |
Shri S. C. Dey | Central Boilers Board, New Delhi |
Shri S. M. Prasad (Alternate) | |
Diretor (Commercial) | Central Electricity Authority, New Delhi |
Deputy Director (Commercial) (Alternate) | |
Director General Of Mines | Directorate General of Mines Safety, Dhanbad |
Safety | |
Director, Mines Safety Equipment (Alternate) |
(Continued on page 2)
© Copyright 1983
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Act
(XIV of 1957) and reproduction in whole or in part by any means except
with written permission of the publisher shall be deemed to be an
infringement of copyright under the said act. |
Members | Representing |
---|---|
Shri Durgesh Chandra | Century Rayon, Kalyan |
Shri Jayant Adhia (Alternate) | |
Shri P. N. Ghosh | Institution of Fire Engineers India, New Delhi |
Shri K. C. Gupta | National Safety Council, Bombay |
Shri N. Raghavan (Alternate) | |
Shri R. P. Jha | Indian Jute Mills Association, Calcutta |
Shri J. D. Juina | Indian Airlines Corporation, New Delhi |
Shri M. N. Arora (Alternate) | |
Shri M. Kant | Safety Appliances Manufacturer’s Association, Bombay |
Shri Kirit Maru (Alternate) | |
Shri V. N. Kholkute | Factory Inspectorate, Government of Maharashtra, Bombay |
Shri H. N. Mirashi (Alternate) | |
Shri B. S. Mathur | Standing Committee on Safety for the Steel Industry, Durgapur |
Shri A. K. Dasgupta (Alternate) | |
Shri G. B. Menon | Standing Fire Advisory Council, Ministry of Home Affairs |
Shri M. K. Modwel | Railway Board (Ministry of Railways) |
Shri R. N. Mukhopadryay | Directorate General of health Services, New Delhi |
Shri P. Krishnan Nair | The Fertilizers and Chemicals Travancore Ltd, Udyogmandal |
Shri S. Purushothama | Loss Prevention Association of India Ltd, Bombay |
Shri T. V. Madhumani (Alternate) | |
Shri G. Ramamurthy | Ministry of Communications |
Shri Y. V. R. Reddy (Alternate) | |
Shri S. G. Ranade | Directorate General of Ordnance Factories, Calcutta |
Shri S. R. C. Rao | Steel Authority of India Ltd, New Delhi |
Shri R. N. Das (Alternate) | |
Representative | Ministry of Defence (DGI) |
Shri Y. K. Sapru | The Safety First Association of India, Bombay |
Shri A. A. Jasdenvala (Alternate) | |
Shri K. K. Sarkhel | The Project & Development (India) Ltd, Sindri |
Shri I. C. Sarjn | Employees State Insurance Corporation, New Delhi |
Dr K. M. Saxena (Alternate) | |
Shri P. Seshadri | Ministry of Petroleum & Chemicals |
Shri Jagjit Singh (Alternate) | |
Dr B. Singh | Central Mining Research Station (CSIR), Dhanbad |
Shri P. R. Roy (Alternate) | |
Shri D. K. Sirkar | Indian Chemical Manufacturers’ Association, Calcutta |
Shri S. J. Sharma (Alternate) | |
Shri S. P. Venkaswamy | Directorate General of Civil Aviation, New Delhi |
Shri S. P. Vidyarathi | All India Manufacturers’ Organization, Bombay |
Shri S. K. Mathur, Director (Chem) | Director General, ISI (Ex-officio Member) |
Secretary
Shri K. K. Tripathi
Senior Deputy Director (chem), ISI
Shri K. K. Tripathi
Senior Deputy Director (chem), ISI
(Continued on page 28)
2
Indian Standard
METHOD FOR COMPUTATION OF FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY RATES FOR INDUSTRIAL INJURIES AND CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS
(First Revision)
METHOD FOR COMPUTATION OF FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY RATES FOR INDUSTRIAL INJURIES AND CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS
(First Revision)
0. FOREWORD
0.1
This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Indian Standards Institution on 30 September 1983, after the draft finalized by the Industrial Safety Advisory Committee had been approved by the Executive Committee.0.2
This standard was originally issued in 1966 with the following objectives in view:- To help in evaluating the relative need for taking accident prevention measures in different departments of an establishment;
- To help in making an appraisal of the progress of an accident prevention campaign and making people safety-conscious;
- To provide encouragement when methods used for the prevention of accidents are successful; and
- To enable comparisons to be made.
0.3
The committee responsible for preparing this standard felt that time was opportune to revise this standard to incorporate the following changes;- It aligns the definitions of ‘partial disablement* and ‘Total disablement’, and includes other definitions as given in the latest version of the Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923 (India);
- It also includes the definition and method for computation of incidence rates;
- It has given more comprehensive coverage to classification of accidents; 3
- It includes an additional item covering the basis of assessment of work injury; and
- It includes a clause on statistical period so as to make comparison meaningful.
0.4
While preparing this revision, particularly 0.3 (c) above, assistance has been derivied from AS 1885-1976’ Recording and measuring work injury experience’, issued by the Standards Association of Australia.1. SCOPE
1.1
This standard prescribes basic methods for recording and classifying industrial accidents. It also includes details of work injury and gives the methods for computation of frequency, severity and incidence rate of work injuries in industrial premises. This would enable adoption of a uniform system of recording events associated with injuries and the determination of corrective action.2. TERMINOLOGY
2.0
For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions shall apply.2.1
Accident—An unintended occurrence arising out of and in the course of employment of a person resulting in injury.2.2
Death—Fatality resulting from an accident.2.3
Disabling Injury (Lost Time Injury)—An injury causing disablement extending beyond the day of shift on which the accident occurred.Note—An ideal system of accident statistics would take into account every occurrence causing injur” however slight. Unfortunately, this is impracticable be cause the record of trivial injuries varies not only according to the number sustained but also according to the strictness with which a firm insists on this being reported. On the other hand, if an accident keeps a man away from work for a day or more, his absence is hound to be noticed. In other words, the ‘one day’ or, One shift’ accident has been chosen because it is a standard unit which cannot vary to a great extent from firm to firm or from year to year. This is, therefore, used for practical purposes as it is the nearest accurate figure to the ideal and is a very simple standard to use.
2.4
Non-disabling Injury—An injury which requires medical treatment only, without causing any disablement whether of temporary or permanent nature.2.5
Reportable Disabling Injury (Reportable Lost Time Injury)—An injury causing death or disablement to an extent as prescribed by the relevant statute.4
2.6
Days of Disablement (Lost Time)—In the case of disablement of a temporary nature, the number of days on which the injured person was partially disabled as defined in 2.7. In the case of death or disablement of a permanent nature whether it be partial or total disablement as defined in 2.7 and 2.8 man-days lost means the charges in days of earning capacity lost due to such permanent disability or death as specified in Appendix B. In other cases the day on which the injury occured or the day the injured person returned to work are not to be included as man-days lost; but all intervening calendar days (including Sundays or, days off, or days of plant shut down) are to be included. It after resumption of work, the person injured is again disabled for any period arising out of the injury which caused his earlier disablement, the period of such subsequent disablement is also to be induced in the man-days lost.2.7
Partial Disablement—This is of two types: disablement of a temporary nature which reduces the earning capacity of an employed person in any employment in which he was engaged at the time of the accident resulting in the disablement; and disablement of a permanent nature, which reduces his earning capacity in every employment which he was capable of undertaking at the time.2.8
Total Disablement—Disablement, whether of a temporary or permanent nature, which incapacitates a workman for all work which he was capable of performing at the time of the accident resulting in such disablement, provided that permanent total disablement shall be deemed to result from every type of injury specified in Part A of Appendix A or from any combination of injuries specified in Part Β of Appendix A where the aggregate percentage of the loss of earning capacity, as specified in that part against those injuries, amounts to one hundred percent.2.9
Man-Hours Worked—The total number of employee-hours worked by all employees working in the industrial premises. It includes managerial, supervisory, professional, technical, clerical and other workers including contractors’ labour.2.10
Scheduled Charge—Charges in days of earning capacity lost due to permanent disability or death (see Appendix A).3. CALCULATION OF MAN-HOURS WORKED
3.1
Man-hours worked shall be calculated from the pay roll or time clock recorded including overtime. When this is not feasible, the same shall be estimated by multiplying the total man-days worked for the period covered by the number of hours worked per day. The total number of man-days for a period is the sum of the number of men at work on each day of the period. If the daily hours vary from department5 to department separate estimates shall be made for each department and the result added together. When actual man-hours are not used, the basis on which the estimates are made shall be indicated.
4. CLASSIFICATION OF ACCIDENTS
4.1
The principal factors related to causation of accidents are:- agency,
- unsafe mechanical or physical condition,
- unsafe act,
- unsafe personal factor,
- type of accident,
- nature of injury, and
- location of injury.
4.2
Each of the items of classification in Appendix B has been assigned a code number which may be used to identify the recorded items of information. When mechanical tabulating procedures are used, the code number will serve as a useful guide for sorting and tabulating the data.5. ASSESSMENT OF WORK INJURY
5.1 Basis of Assessment
5.1.1
General—Thorough investigation of all factors relating to the occurrence of each reported injury is essential. Determination as to whether or not the injury should be considered a work injury under the provisions of this standard shall be based on the evidence collected during investigations.5.1.2
Evidence—The evidence to be considered in determining whether or not the reported injury should be considered a work injury may include, but not necessarily be limited to the following:- Facts resulting from investigation of the injured employee’s work activities and working environment to which the injury might be related;
- Statements (written if possible) of the injured employee, fellow employees, witnesses and supervisors; 6
- Medical reports acceptable to the authority classifying the work injury; and
- Facts concerning the injured employee’s work activity for other employers, and other off-the-job activities, injuries and illnesses.
5.2 Assessment of Special Gases
5.2.1
General—Before inclusion in the record special cases should be assessed. Clauses 5.2.2 to 5.2.15 are intended to assist in such assessment but these provisions/rules should not be used to exclude a genuine work injury from the record.5.2.2
Inguinal Hernia—An inguinal hernia shall be considered a work injury only if it is precipitated by an impact, Sudden effort, or severe strain, and meets, after investigation, all of the following conditions:- There is clear evidence of an accidental event or an incident, such as a slip, trip or fall, sudden effort or over-exertion;
- There was actual pain in the hernial region at the time of the accident or incident; and
- The immediate pain was so acute that the injured employee was forced to stop work long enough to draw the attention of his foreman or fellow employee, or the attention of a physician was secured within 12 hours.
5.2.3
Back Injury—A back injury or strain shall after investigation, be considered a work injury if:- There is clear evidence of an accident event or an incident such as a slip, trip or fall, sudden effort or over-exertion, or blow on the back; and
- A medical practitioner, authorized to treat the case, is satisfied after a complete review of the circumstances of the accident or incident, that the injury could have arisen out of the accident or incident.
5.2.4
Aggravation of Pre-existing Condition—If aggravation of pre-existing physical deficiency arises out of or in the course of employment, the resulting disability shall be considered a work injury and shall be classified according to the ultimate extent of the injury except that if the injury is an inguinal hernia or a back injury the requirement of 5.2.2 or 5.2.3 shall apply.5.2.5
Aggravation of Minor Injury—If a minor injury is aggravated because of diagnosis or treatment, either professional or non-professional, or if infection or other symptoms develop later, either on the job or off-the-job the injury shall be classified according to its ultimate extent.7
5.2.6
Cardiovascular Diseases—This term is used to cover the following groups:- Rheumatic heart disease,
- Hypertensive disease,
- Ischaemic disease,
- Heart disease secondary to pulmonary disease,
- Cerebrovascular disease,
- Diseases of arteries, arterioles and capillaries, and
- Disease of veins and lymph vessels.
5.2.6.1
Cardiovascular diseases shall not be recorded as work injuries unless:- the symptoms were so severe during working hours that the attention of a supervisor was drawn to them; and
- a medical practitioner, authorized to treat the case, satisfied after a thorough investigation, that the disease or aggravation of the disease was work caused.
5.2.7
Miscellaneous—The category includes the following:- Purposely inflicted injuries—An injury purposely, inflicted by the employee or another person shall be considered a work injury if it arises out of or in the course of employment;
- Skylarking—An injury inflicted by or arising out of skylarking during employment shall be considered a work injury.
5.2.8
Other Disabilities—The following are examples of injuries which shall be considered work injuries if they arise out of or in the course of employment:- Animal and insect bites;
- Skin irritations and infections;
- Muscular disability;
- Injuries arising from exposure to extreme temperature (hot or cold); and
- Loss of hearing, sight, taste, feel or sense of smell.
6. COMPUTATION OF FREQUENCY, SEVERITY AND INCIDENCE RATES
6.1
Frequency Rate—The frequency rate shall be calculated both for lost time injury and reportable lost time injury as follows:Note 1—If the injury does not cause loss of time in the period in which it occurs but in a subsequent period, the injury should be included in the frequency rate of the period in which the loss of time begins.
Note 2—If an injury causes intermittent loss of time, it should only be included in the frequency rate once, that is, when the first loss of time occurs.
Note 3—Since frequency rate FB is based on the lost time injuries, reportable to the statutory authorities, it may be used for official purposes only. In all other cases, frequency rate FA should be used for comparison purposes.
6.2
Severity Rate—The severity rate shall be calculated from man-days lost both of lost time injury and reportable lost time injury as follows:Note—Since severity rate SB is based on the lost time injuries reportable to the statutory authorities, it should be used for official purposes only. In all other cases severity rate SA should be used for comparison purposes.
6.2.1
Calculation of man-days lost under 6.2 shall be based on the following:- Man-days lost due to temporary total disability;
- Man-days lost according to schedule of charges for death and permanent disabilities as given in Appendix A. In case of multiple injury, the sum of schedule charges shall not be taken to exceed 6 000 man-days;
- Days lost due to injury in previous periods, that is, if any accident which occurred in previous period is still causing loss of time in the period under review, such loss of time is also to be included in the period under review; 9
- In the case of intermittent loss of time, each period should be included in the severity rate for the period in which the time is lost; and
- If any injury is treated as a lost time injury in one statistical period and subsequently turns out to be a permanent disability; the man-days charged to the injury shall be subtracted from the schedule charge for the injury when permanent disability becomes known.
6.3 Incidence Rates
6.3.1
General incidence rate is the ratio of the number of injuries to the number of persons during the period under review. It is expressed as the number of injuries per 1 000 persons employed.The incidence rate may be calculated both for lost-time injuries and reportable lost-time injuries as follows:
Note—Since reportable lost-time injury incidence rate is based on the lost time injuries reportable to the statutory authorities, it should be used for official purposes only. In all other cases lost-time injury incidence rate should be used.
6.4
Statistical Period—Rates for any period, that is month, quarter or year shall include injuries which occurred during the period, together with any injuries which occurred in the previous 12 months and which have not already been included in earlier calculations.6.4.1
An injury which occurred in a previous period and which did not cause lost time at the time of occurrence, but caused lost time in the current period, shall be included as a lost-time injury in the current period.6.4.2
When calculating duration rates, the time lost for the period shall include time lost in the current period caused by injuries which occurred in previous period.10
APPENDIX A
SCHEDULED CHARGES FOR DISABILITIES*
* Based on Workmen’s Compensation Act (India), 1923 as modified up to 1 February 1962.
(Clauses 2.8, 2.10 and 6.2.1)
Sl No. | Description OF Injury | Percentage OF Loss OF Earning Capacity | Equivalent Man-DAYS Lost |
---|---|---|---|
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) |
Part A Total Disablement | |||
1. | Death | 100 | 6 000 |
2. | Loss of both hands or amputation at higher sites | 100 | 6 000 |
3. | Loss of a hand and a foot | 100 | 6 000 |
4. | Double amputation through leg or thigh, or amputation through leg or thigh on one side and loss of other foot | 100 | 6 000 |
5. | Loss of sight to such an extent as to render the claimant unable to perform any work for which eyesight is essential | 100 | 6 000 |
6. | Very severe facial disfigurement | 100 | 6 000 |
7. | Absolute deafness | 100 | 6 000 |
Part B Partial Disablement | |||
a) Amputation Cases—Upper Limbs (Either Arm) | |||
8. | Amputation through shoulder joint | 90 | 5 400 |
9. | Amputation below shoulder with stump less than 205 mm from tip acromion | 80 | 4 800 |
10. | Amputation from 205 mm from tip of acromion to less than 115 mm below tip of olecranon | 70 | 4 200 11 |
11. | Loss of a hand or thumb and four fingers of one hand or amputation from 115 mm below tip of olecranon | 60 | 3 600 |
12. | Loss of thumb | 30 | 1 800 |
13. | Loss of thumb and its metacarpal bone | 40 | 2 400 |
14. | Loss of four fingers of one hand | 50 | 3 000 |
15. | Loss of three fingers of one hand | 30 | 1 800 |
16. | Loss of two fingers of one hand | 20 | 1 200 |
17. | Loss of terminal phalanx of thumb | 20 | 1200 |
b) Amputation Cases—Lower Limbs | |||
18. | Amputation of both feet resulting in end-bearing stumps | 90 | 5 400 |
19. | Amputation through both feet proximal to the metatarsophalangeal joint | 80 | 4 800 |
20. | Loss of all toes of both feet through the metatarsophalangeal joint | 40 | 2 400 |
21. | Loss of all toes of both feet proximal inter-phalangeal joint | 30 | 1 800 |
22. | Loss of all toes of both feet distal to the proximal inter-phalangeal joint | 20 | 1 200 |
23. | Amputation at hip | 90 | 5 400 |
24. | Amputation below hip with stump not exceeding 125 mm in length measured from tip of great trochanter | 80 | 4 800 |
25. | Amputation below hip with stump exceeding 125 mm in length measured from tip of great trochanter but not beyond middle thigh | 70 | 4 200 12 |
26. | Amputation below middle thigh to 90 mm below knee | 60 | 3 600 |
27. | Amputation below knee with stump exceeding 90 mm but not exceeding 125 mm | 50 | 3 000 |
28. | Amputation below knee with stump exceeding 125 mm | 40 | 2 400 |
29. | Amputation of one foot resulting in end-bearing | 30 | 1 800 |
30 | Amputation through one foot proximal to the metatarsophalangeal joint | 30 | 1 800 |
31. | Loss of all toes of one foot through the metatarsophalangeal joint | 20 | 1200 |
c) Other Injuries | |||
32. | Loss of one eye, without complications the other being normal | 40 | 2 400 |
33. | Loss of vision of one eye, without complications or disfigurement of eye-ball, the other being normal | 30 | 1 800 |
d) Loss of Fingers of Right or Left Hand | |||
(i) Index fingers | |||
34. | Whole | 14 | 840 |
35. | Two phalanges | 11 | 660 |
36. | One phalanx | 9 | 540 |
37. | Guillotine amputation of tip without loss of bone | 5 | 300 |
(ii) Middle finger | |||
38. | Whole | 12 | 720 |
39. | Two phalanges | 9 | 540 |
40. | One phalanx | 7 | 420 |
41. | Guillotine amputation of tip without loss of bone | 4 | 240 13 |
(iii) Ring or little finger | |||
42. | Whole | 7 | 420 |
43. | Two phalanges | 6 | 360 |
44. | One phalanx | 5 | 300 |
45. | Guillotine amputation of tip without loss of bone | 2 | 120 |
e) Loss of Toes of Right or Left Foot | |||
(i) Great toe | |||
46. | Through metatarsophalangeal joint | 14 | 840 |
47. | Part, with some loss of bone | 3 | 180 |
(ii) Any other toe | |||
48. | Through metatarsophalangeal joint | 3 | 180 |
49. | Part, with some loss of bone | 1 | 60 |
(iii) Two toes of one foot excluding great toe | |||
50. | Through metatarsophalangeal joint | 5 | 300 |
51. | Part, with some loss of bone | 2 | 120 |
(iv) Three toes of one foot, excluding great toe | |||
52. | Through metatarsophalangeal joint | 6 | 360 |
53. | Part, with some loss of bone | 3 | 180 |
(v) Four toes of one foot, excluding great toe | |||
54. | Through metatarsophalangeal joint | 9 | 540 |
55. | Part, with some loss of bone | 3 | 180 |
Note
1—Complete and permanent loss of the use of any limb or member referred
to in this appendix shall be deemed to be the equivalent of the loss of
that limb or member. Note 2—Maximum scheduled charges in case of any injured person shall be 6 000 man-days. |
APPENDIX B
CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS
(Clauses 4.1 and 4.2)
Code No. | Particulars | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
B-1. CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO AGENCY | ||||
(Agency is the object or substance which is most closely associated with the accident causing the injury and with respect to which adoption of a safety measure could have prevented the accident) | ||||
20 | Machines | |||
201 | Prime-movers, except electrical motors | |||
2011 | Steam engines | |||
2012 | Internal combustion engines | |||
2012 | Others | |||
202 | Transmission Machinery | |||
2021 | Transmission shafts | |||
2022 | Transmission belts, cable pulleys, pinions, chains, gears | |||
2029 | Others | |||
203 | Metal Working Machines | |||
2031 | Power presses | |||
2032 | Lathes | |||
2033 | Milling machines | |||
2034 | Abrasive wheels | |||
2035 | Mechanical shears | |||
2036 | Forging machines | |||
2037 | Rolling mills | |||
2039 | Others | |||
204 | Wood and Associated Machines | |||
2041 | Circular saws | |||
2042 | Other saws | |||
2043 | Moulding machines | |||
2044 | Overhand planes | |||
2049 | Others 15 | |||
205 | Agricultural Machines | |||
2051 | Reapers (including combined reapers) | |||
2052 | Thresshers | |||
2059 | Others | |||
206 | Mining Machinery | |||
2061 | Drilling and boring machine including augurs | |||
2062 | Cutting machine | |||
2063 | Loading machine including scrapers | |||
2064 | Cutter-loaders including other continuous miners | |||
2069 | Others | |||
209 | Other Machines Not Elsewhere Classified | |||
2091 | Earth-moving machines | |||
2092 | Spinning, weaving and other textile machines | |||
2093 | Machines for the manufacture of foodstuffs and beverages | |||
2094 | Machine for the manufacture of paper and leather | |||
2095 | Printing machines | |||
2099 | Others | |||
21 | Means of Transportation and Moving Equipment | |||
211 | Lifting Machines and Appliances | |||
2111 | Cranes | |||
2112 | Lifts and elevators | |||
2113 | Winches | |||
2114 | Pulley blocks | |||
2119 | Others | |||
212 | Means of Rail Transportation | |||
2121 | Inter-urban railways | |||
2122 | Rail transportation in mines, tunnels, quarries, industrial establishments, docks, etc | |||
2129 | Others | |||
213 | Other Wheeled Means of Transportation, Excluding Rail Transportation | |||
2131 | Tractors | |||
2132 | Lorries 16 | |||
2133 | Trucks | |||
2134 | Motor Vehicles, not elsewhere classified | |||
2135 | Animal-drawn vehicles | |||
2136 | Hand-drawn vehicles | |||
2139 | Others | |||
214 | Means of Air Transportation | |||
215 | Means of Water Transportation | |||
2151 | Motorised means of water transportation | |||
2152 | Non-motorised means of water transportation | |||
219 | Other Means of Transport | |||
2191 | Cable cars | |||
2192 | Mechanical conveyors, except cable-cars | |||
2199 | Others | |||
22 | Other Equipment | |||
221 | Pressure Vessels | |||
2211 | Boilers | |||
2212 | Pressurised containers | |||
2213 | Pressurised piping and accessories | |||
2214 | Gas cylinders | |||
2215 | Vacuum vessels | |||
2219 | Others | |||
222 | Furnaces, Ovens, Kilns | |||
2221 | Blast furnaces | |||
2222 | Refining furnaces | |||
2223 | Other furnaces | |||
2224 | Kilns | |||
2225 | Ovens | |||
223 | Refrigerating Plants | |||
224 | Electrical Installations, Including Electric Motors but Excluding Electric Hand Tools | |||
2241 | Rotating machines | |||
2242 | Conductors 17 | |||
2243 | Control apparatus | |||
2249 | Others | |||
225 | Electric Hand Tools | |||
226 | Tools, Implements and Appliances Except Electric Hand Tools | |||
2261 | Power-driven hand tools, except electric hand tools | |||
2262 | Hand tools, not power-driven | |||
2269 | Others. | |||
227 | Ladders, Mobile Ramps | |||
228 | Scaffolding | |||
229 | Other Equipment not Elsewhere Classified | |||
23 | Materials, Substances and Radiations | |||
231 | Explosives | |||
232 | Dusts, Gases, Liquids and Chemicals, Excluding Explosives | |||
2321 | Dusts | |||
2322 | Gases, vapours, fumes | |||
2323 | Liquids | |||
2324 | Chemicals not elsewhere classified | |||
2329 | Others | |||
233 | Flying Objects Other Than Due to Explosion | |||
234 | Radiations | |||
2341 | Ionising radiations | |||
2349 | Others | |||
239 | Other Materials and Substances not Elsewhere Classified | |||
24 | Working Environment | |||
241 | Outdoor | |||
2411 | Weather | |||
2412 | Traffic and working surfaces | |||
2413 | Water | |||
2414 | Fire | |||
2419 | Others 18 | |||
242 | Indoor | |||
2421 | Floors | |||
2422 | Confined quarters | |||
2423 | Stairs | |||
2424 | Other traffic and working surfaces | |||
2425 | Floor openings and wall openings | |||
2426 | Environmental factors (Lighting, ventilation, temperature, noise, etc) | |||
2427 | Water | |||
2428 | Fire | |||
2429 | Others | |||
25 | Other Agencies—Mining and Tunneling | |||
251 | Underground Mining and Tunneling | |||
2511 | Roof | |||
2512 | Side and face | |||
2513 | Floor | |||
2514 | Mine shaft | |||
2515 | Water | |||
2516 | Fire | |||
2517 | Others | |||
252 | Opencast Mining (Including Quarrying) | |||
2521 | Overhang | |||
2522 | Side face | |||
2523 | Ground | |||
2524 | Water | |||
2525 | Fire | |||
2529 | Others | |||
26 | Other Agencies, not Elsewhere Classified | |||
261 | Animals | |||
2611 | Live animals | |||
6212 | Animal products | |||
262 | Other Agencies Not Elsewhere Classified 19 | |||
27 | Agencies Not Classified for Lack of Sufficient Data | |||
29 | Other Agencies | |||
B-2. CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO UNSAFE MATERIAL OR PHYSICAL CONDITIONS | ||||
(This identifies the unsafe mechanical or physical condition or conditions related to the agency, which contributed to the causation of accident) | ||||
10 | Improperly guarded agency | |||
20 | Defects in agency | |||
30 | Hazardous arrangement, procedure, etc in, on, or apparel | |||
40 | Improper illumination | |||
50 | Unsafe dress or apparel | |||
60 | Improper ventilation | |||
70 | Others | |||
B-3. CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO THE UNSAFE ACT | ||||
(This identifies the deviation from the accepted and laid down safe procedure, which contributed to the causation of accident) | ||||
10 | Operating without authority, failure to secure or warn | |||
20 | Operating at unsafe speed | |||
30 | Marking safety devices inoperative | |||
40 | Using unsafe equipment, hand instead of equipment, or equipment unsafely | |||
50 | Unsafe loading, placing, mixing, combining, etc | |||
60 | Taking unsafe position or posture | |||
70 | Others | |||
B-4. CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO UNSAFE PERSONAL FACTOR | ||||
(This identifies the anatomical, physiological or the psychological characteristic which permitted or occasioned the selected unsafe act) | ||||
10 | Unsuitable anatomical, physiological, or psychological characteristics | |||
20 | Lack of knowledge or skill 20 | |||
30 | Unsuitable mechanical or physical conditions, social environment, etc. | |||
B-5. CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO TYPE OF CACIDENTS | ||||
(The type of accident is the manner in which the object or substance causing the injury comes into contact with the injured person, or the movement of the injured person which resulted in the injury) | ||||
10 | Falls of Persons | |||
101 | Falls of persons from heights (trees, buildings, mine trenches, scaffolds, ladders, machines, vehicles) and into depths (wells, ditches, excavations, shafts, holes in the ground) | |||
102 | Fats of persons on the same level | |||
11 | Fall of Objects | |||
111 | Cave-ins (earth, rocks, stone) | |||
1111 | Cave-in or fall of roof | |||
1112 | Cave-in or fall of side and face | |||
1113 | Cave-in or collapse of shaft | |||
1114 | Premature collapse of ground | |||
1115 | Bumps and rock-bursts | |||
112 | Slides (earth, rock, stone, show) | |||
113 | Subsidence of ground | |||
114 | Collapse of buildings, walls, scaffolds, ladders, piles of goods, etc | |||
115 | Fall of cages, skips and kibbles | |||
116 | Fall of objects during handling | |||
12 | Stepping on, Striking Against or Struck by Object Excluding Falling Objects | |||
121 | Stepping on objects | |||
122 | Striking against stationary objects (except impacts due to previous fall) | |||
123 | Striking against moving objects | |||
124 | Struck by moving objects (including flying fragments and particles) excluding failing objects 21 | |||
13 | Caught in or Between Objects | |||
131 | Caught in an object | |||
132 | Caught between a stationary object and a moving object | |||
133 | Caught between moving objects (except flying or falling objects) | |||
14 | Over-Exertion or Wrong Movements | |||
141 | Over-exertion in lifting objects | |||
142 | Over-exertion in pushing or pulling objects | |||
143 | Over-exertion in handling or throwing objects | |||
144 | Wrong movements | |||
15 | Exposure to or Contact With Extreme Temperature | |||
151 | Exposure to or contact with heat (atmosphere or environment) | |||
152 | Exposure to or contact with cold (atmosphere or environment) | |||
153 | Contact with fire, hot substances or objects | |||
154 | Contact with very cold substances or objects | |||
16 | Exposure to or Contact with Electric Current | |||
17 | Exposure to or Contact with Harmful Substances, Including Relations | |||
171 | Contact by inhalation, ingestion or absorption of harmful substances including gases | |||
172 | Exposure to ionising radiations | |||
173 | Exposure to radiations other than ionising radiations | |||
18 | Explosions | |||
181 | Explosion | |||
182 | Gas explosion | |||
183 | Dust explosion | |||
184 | Others | |||
19 | Others | |||
191 | Inundations and eruption | |||
192 | Exposure to high noise | |||
193 | Bursting and rupture of vessels 22 | |||
C-6. CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO NATURE OF THE INJURY | ||||
(This identifies the injury in terms of its principal physical characteristics) | ||||
310 | Fractures | |||
Includes simple fractures; fractures with injuries to soft parts of the body (compound fracture); fractures with injuries to articulations (dislocations, etc); fractures with internal or nerve injuries. | ||||
320 | Dislocations | |||
Includes sublaxations and displacements. | ||||
Excludes fracture dislocations (310). | ||||
325 | Sprains and Strains | |||
Includes, unless associated with an open wound, the ruptures, tears, and lacerations of muscles, tendons, ligaments and joints, as well as hernias due to over exertion. | ||||
330 | Concussions and Other Internal Injuries | |||
Includes, unless fractures are involved, all internal contusions, haemorrhages, lacerations, ruptures. | ||||
Excludes those injuries with fractures (310). | ||||
340 | Amputations and Enucleations | |||
Includes traumatic avulsion of eye. | ||||
341 | Other Wounds | |||
Includes lacerations, open wounds, cuts, contusions with wounds, scalp wounds, as well as loss of nails or ears; includes wounds involving injury to nerves. | ||||
Excludes traumatic amputations, enucleations; avulsion of eye (340) compound fracture (310); burns with open wounds (360); superficial injuries (350). | ||||
350 | Superificial Injuries | |||
Includes abrasions, scratches, blisters, bites of non-venomous insects, superficial wounds; also includes superficial injuries due to foreign bodies entering in the eye. 23 | ||||
355 | Contusions and Crushings | |||
Includes aemarthrosis, haematoma and bruises; contusions and crushing associated with superficial injuries. | ||||
Excludes concussions (330); contusions and crushing with fracture (310); and contusions and crushings with an open wound (341). | ||||
360 | Burns | |||
Includes burns from hot objects; from fire; scales; friction burns; radiation burns (infra-red); chemical burns (external burns only); burns with open wounds. | ||||
Excludes burns due to swallowing a corrosive or caustic substance (370); sunburn (380); effects of lightning (380); burns due to electric current (382); and radiation effects other than burns (383). | ||||
370 | Acute Poisonings | |||
Includes the effects of the injection, ingestion, absorption or inhalation of toxic, corrosive or caustic substances; bites of venomous insects or animals; asphyxiation by carbon monoxide or other toxic gases. | ||||
Excludes external chemcial burns (360). | ||||
380 | Effects of Weather, Exposure and Related Conditions | |||
Includes effects of reduced temperature (frost-bite); the effect of heat and isolation (heat strokes, sunstrokes); baratrauma (effects of high altitude, docompression caused due to working in compressed air well); the effects of lightning; sound trauma (total or partial loss of hearing as a separate injury, not a sequel to another injury). | ||||
381 | Asphyxia | |||
Includes drowning asphyxiation or suffocation by compression, constriction or strangulations; also includes asphyxiation by suppression or reduction of oxygen in the surrounding atmosphere and asphyxiation by foreign bodies in the respiratory tract. | ||||
Excludes asphyxiation by carbon monoxide or other toxic gases (370). | ||||
382 | Effects of Electric Currents | |||
Includes electrocution; electrical shock and burn due to electric current. 24 | ||||
Excludes burns caused by electrical heating appliances (370) and the effects of lightning (380). | ||||
383 | Effects of Radiations | |||
Includes effects caused by X-rays, radio-active substances, ultraviolet rays, ionising radiations. | ||||
Excludes burns due to radiations (360) and sunstrokes (380). | ||||
390 | Multiple Injuries of Different Nature | |||
This group should be used only for case where the injured person sustained several injuries of different nature and no injury is obviously more severe than the others. | ||||
In case of multiple injuries suffered in one accident where one of the injuries is obviously more severe than the others, then this accident should be classified in the group corresponding to the nature of the more obviously severe injury. | ||||
399 | Others and Unspecified Injuries | |||
This group should only be used to classify injuries which cannot be classified elsewhere. | ||||
Includes various early complications of trauma and pathological reaction which should be classified in this group only when the nature of the antecedent injury is unknown. | ||||
B-7. CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO THE LOCATION OF THE INJURY | ||||
(Location of injury identifies the part of the injured person’s body directly affected by the injury identified). | ||||
Note—The groups relating to multiple locations (see Code No. 46) should be used only to classify cases where the victim suffers from several injuries to different parts of the body and no injury obviously is more severe than the others. When in an accident which caused multiple injuries located at different parts of the body one of these injuries is obviously more severe than the others, this accident, should be classified in the group corresponding to the location of the obviously more severe in jury. For example, a fracture of the leg accompanied by the scratch of the hand should be classified in group 454. | ||||
41 | Head | |||
411 | Cranium region (skull brain, scalp) | |||
412 | Eye (including orbit and optic nerve) | |||
413 | Ear 25 | |||
414 | Mouth (including lips, teeth and tongue) | |||
415 | Nose | |||
416 | Face, locations not classified elsewhere | |||
417 | Head, multiple locations | |||
418 | Head, unspecified location | |||
42 | Neck (including Throat and Cervical Vertebrae) | |||
43 | Trunk | |||
431 | Back (spinal column and adjoining muscles, spinal cord) | |||
432 | Chest (ribs, sternum, internal organs of the chest) | |||
433 | Abdomen (including internal organs) | |||
434 | Pelvis | |||
438 | Trunk, multiple locations | |||
439 | Trunk, unspecified location | |||
44 | Upper Limb | |||
441 | Shoulder (including clavicle and shoulder blade) | |||
442 | Upper limb | |||
443 | Elbow | |||
444 | Forearm | |||
445 | Wrist | |||
446 | Hand (except fingers alone) | |||
447 | Fingers | |||
448 | Upper limb, multiple locations | |||
449 | Upper limb, unspecified location | |||
45 | Lower Limb | |||
451 | Hip | |||
452 | Thigh (upper leg) | |||
453 | Knee | |||
454 | Leg (lower leg) | |||
455 | Ankle | |||
456 | Foot (except toes alone) | |||
457 | Toes | |||
458 | Lower Limb, multiple locations | |||
459 | Lower limb, unspecified location 26 | |||
46 | Multiple Locations | |||
461 | Head and trunk, head and one or more limbs | |||
462 | Trunk and one or more limbs | |||
463 | One upper limb and one lower limb or more than two limbs | |||
464 | Other multiple locations | |||
465 | Multiple locations, unspecified | |||
47 | General Injuries | |||
[ This group should be used only when the functioning of an active body system has been affected without a specific injury (for example, poisoning, etc); when the systemic damage results from an injury a specific part of the body (for example, a fracture of the spinal column involving injury to the spinal cord) the location of the injury to this part of the body (in this case the spinal column) should be coded ]. | ||||
471 | Circulatory system in general | |||
472 | Respiratory system in general | |||
473 | Digestive system in general | |||
474 | Nervous system in general | |||
475 | Other general injuries | |||
476 | General injuries, unspecified | |||
49 | Unspecified Location of Injury | |||
(This group should only be used when no information is available to identify the part of the body affected) |
Safety Practices and Procedures Subcommittee, ISAC/S-3
Convener | Representing |
---|---|
Shri P. R. Surendranathan | Directorate General Factory Advice Service and Labour Institutes (Ministry of Labour), Bombay |
Members | |
Shri H. Ganapathy (Alternate to Shri P. R. Surendranathan) | |
Shri Jacob Chacko | Director of Factories & Boilers, Government of Kerala, Trivandrum |
Shri Charanjit Lal | Chief Controllerate of Explosives, Nagpur |
Shri B. R. Dave (Alternate) | |
Chief Engineer (Electrical) | Industries Energy and Labour Department, Bombay |
Superintending Engineer (Inspection) (Alternate) | |
Chief Inspector Of Boilers, | Central Boiler Board, New Delhi |
Karnataka | |
Director Mines Safety | Directorate General of Mines Safety, Dhanbad |
Deputy Director Of Mines Safety (SG) (Alternate) | |
V. N. Kholkute | Chief Inspectorate of Factories, Government of Maharashtra, Bombay |
Shri G. R. Gujar (Alternate) | |
Shri R. B. Mathur | Railway Board (Ministry of Railways) |
Shri G. B. Menon | Standing Fire Advisory Council, New Delhi |
Shri N. C. Mukherjee | National Safety Council, Bombay |
Shri N. Raghavan (Alternate) | |
Shri V. K. Murthy | The Tata Iron & Steel Company Ltd, Jamshedpur |
Shri K. N. Bhattacharya (Alternate) |
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
Headquarters: | |||
Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, NEW DELHI 110002 | |||
Telephones : 331 01 31, 331 13 75 | Telegrams : Manaksanatha (Common to all offices) | ||
Regional Offices: | Telephones | ||
Central | : | Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, NEW DELHI-110002 | 331 01 31 331 13 75 |
*Eastern | : | 1/14 C.I.T. Scheme VII M, V. 1. P. Road, Maniktola, CALCUTTA 700054 | 36 24 99 |
Northern | : | SCO 445-446, Sector 35-C, CHANDIGARH 160036 | 2 18 43 3 16 41 |
Southern | : | C. I. T. Campus, MADRAS 600113 | 41 24 42 41 25 19 41 29 16 |
†Western | : | Manakalaya, E9 MIDC, Marol, Andheri (East), BOMBAY 400093 | 6 32 92 95 |
Branch Offices: | |||
‘Pushpak’ Nurmohamed Shaikh Marg, Khanpur, AHMEDABAD 380001 | 2 63 48 2 63 49 |
||
‡Peenya Industrial Area, 1st Stage, Bangalore Tumkur Road BANGALORE 560058 | 38 49 55 38 49 56 |
||
Gangotri Complex, 5th Floor, Bhadbhada Road, T. T. Nagar, BHOPAL 462003 | 6 67 16 | ||
Plot No. 82/83, Lewis Road, BHUBANESHWAR 751002 | 5 36 27 | ||
53/5, Ward No. 29, R. G. Barua Road, 5th Byelane, GUWAHATI 781003 | 3 31 77 | ||
5-8-56 C L. N. Gupta Marg (Nampally Station Road), HYDERABAD 500001 | 23 10 83 | ||
R14 Yudhister Marg, C Scheme, JAIPUR 302005 | 6 34 71 6 98 32 |
||
117/418 B Sarvodaya Nagar, KANPUR 208005 | 21 68 76 21 82 92 |
||
Patliputra Industrial Estate, PATNA 800013 | 6 23 05 | ||
T.C. No. 14/1421, University P.O., Palayam TRIVANDRUM 695035 | 6 21 04 6 21 17 |
||
Inspection Office (With Sale Point) : | |||
Pushpanjali, 1st Floor, 205-A West High Court Road, Shankar Nagar Square, NAGPUR 440010 | 2 51 71 | ||
Institution of Engineers (India) Building, 1332 Shivaji Nagar, PUNE 411005 | 5 24 35 | ||
*Sales Office in Calcutta is at 5 Chowringhee Approach, P.O. Princep Street, Calcutta 700072 | 27 68 00 | ||
†Sales Office in Bombay is at Novelty Chambers, Grant Road, Bombay 400007 | 89 65 28 | ||
‡Sales Office in Bangalore is at Unity Building, Narasimharaja Square Bangalore 560002 | 22 36 71 |
Printed at Simco Printing Press, Delhi, India
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