Air Quality Commission ropes in top technical institutions to set up a Decision Support System

 

Air Quality Commission ropes in top technical institutions to set up a Decision Support System

The System will use Artificial Intelligence(AI) to help improve the air quality over targeted sectors of Delhi /NCR

Posted On: 22 JAN 2021 2:47PM by PIB Delhi

The Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) in NCR and adjoining areashas begun the process of setting up a Decision Support System (DSS) having a web, GIS and multi-model based operational and planning decision support tool. 

This tool will help immensely in capturing the static and dynamic features of the emissions from various sources. It will have an integrated framework to handle both primary and secondary pollutants using chemical transport model. The system will also be able to handle the source specific interventions with the framework to estimate benefits of interventions and will focus on presenting the best results in a comprehensive user friendly and simple format for different users.

The Commission has entrusted the task to expert groups from reputed knowledge institutions of the country given belowfor framework development of Air Quality Management DSS for Delhi:-

 

 

The Air Quality Management Decision Support Tool (DST) integrates an emissions inventory development application and database; regional, local and source–receptor modelling; and Geographical Information System (GIS) based visualization tools in a software framework so as to build a robust system to formulate and implement source specific interventions to improve the air quality over targeted sectors of Delhi / NCR.Identification ofsource specific interventions by the DST is deliberated with the involvement of stake holders.

The sources covered will include industries, transport, power plants, residential, DG sets, road dust, agricultural burning, refuse burning, construction dust, ammonia, volatile organic compounds, landfill etc.  For instance, municipalities, industrial associations, industrial development authorities etc. would be the stake holders for identifying interventions related to waste burning, industrial source pollution, respectively.

Upon identification of feasible interventions, the artificial intelligence based expert system which has a hierarchical data base of simulated scenarios, potentially assessing the impact of the identified feasible intervention which would be implemented by the regulatory organization such as CPCB and state PCBs. The on-field implementation is monitored by credible citizen watch groups and professional NGOs independently. Finally, air quality data collected in the vicinity of the area where intervention is implemented will be analysed to understand the real-world benefits of such interventio

India’s daily Recoveries outnumber daily New Cases since last 20 Days

 

India’s daily Recoveries outnumber daily New Cases since last 20 Days

India continues to be among countries with lowest new cases and new deaths per million population in the last 7 days

Posted On: 27 JAN 2021 11:56AM by PIB Delhi

The daily recovered cases in India continue to surpass the daily new cases. The daily recoveries have overtaken the daily new cases since last 20 days.

Total cumulative recoveries stand at 1,03,59,305 today.

13,320 patients have recovered and discharged in the last 24 hours. The national Recovery Rate has further grown to 96.91%.

The graph shows country’s unprecedented day to day change in number of active cases in the past few weeks. 12,689 daily new cases were added to the national tally in the last 24 hours.

India’s total Active Caseload stands at 1,76,498 today.

India’s present active caseload now composes of just 1.65% of India’s total Positive Cases.

 

India has one of the lowest Daily New Cases per Million population (69) in the last 7 Days.

 

These sustained encouraging results have been made possible with the Centre-led proactive and calibrated strategy of TEST TRACK TREAT TECHNOLOGY. Early identification through high & aggressive testing, prompt surveillance & tracking, supervised home isolation combined with high quality medical care through Standard of Care protocol issued by the Centre have aided the sustained high number of recoveries.

There has been continued focus of the Union and State/UT governments on improved and effective clinical treatment in hospitals, supervised home isolation, use of non-invasive oxygen support, use of steroids, anticoagulants, and improved services of the ambulances for ferrying patients for prompt and timely treatment. The Union Government has supported the State/UTgovernments with sufficient quantity of ventilators, PPE kits, drugs, etc. Tireless efforts of ASHA workers have ensured effective surveillance and tracking progress of the patients in supervised home isolation.

The ‘eSanjeevani’ digital platform has enabled telemedicine services which have been successful in containing the spread of COVID while simultaneously enabling provisions for non-COVID essential healthcare. The Centre has also focussed on building the clinical management capacities of the doctors manning the ICUs. The 'National e-ICU on COVID-19 Management'exercise conducted by domain experts from AIIMS, New Delhi has substantially helped in this.

As on 27^thJanuary, 2021, till 8 AM, more than 20lakh (20,29,480) beneficiaries have received the vaccination under the countrywide COVID19 vaccination exercise.

In the last 24 hours, 5,671people were vaccinated across 194 sessions. 36,572 sessions have been conducted so far.

S. No.	State/UT	Beneficiaries vaccinated
1	A & N Islands	2,369
2	Andhra Pradesh	1,56,129
3	Arunachal Pradesh	7,307
4	Assam	19,837
5	Bihar	88,450
6	Chandigarh	1,928
7	Chhattisgarh	40,025
8	Dadra & Nagar Haveli	345
9	Daman & Diu	320
10	Delhi	33,219
11	Goa	1,796
12	Gujarat	91,927
13	Haryana	1,05,419
14	Himachal Pradesh	13,544
15	Jammu & Kashmir	16,173
16	Jharkhand	18,413
17	Karnataka	2,31,607
18	Kerala	71,973
19	Ladakh	670
20	Lakshadweep	676
21	Madhya Pradesh	67,083
22	Maharashtra	1,36,901
23	Manipur	2,485
24	Meghalaya	2,748
25	Mizoram	4,852
26	Nagaland	3,675
27	Odisha	1,77,090
28	Puducherry	1,813
29	Punjab	39,418
30	Rajasthan	1,61,332
31	Sikkim	1,047
32	Tamil Nadu	73,953
33	Telangana	1,30,425
34	Tripura	19,698
35	Uttar Pradesh	1,23,761
36	Uttarakhand	14,546
37	West Bengal	1,22,851
38	Miscellaneous	43,675
Total		20,29,480

 

84.52% of the new recovered cases are observed to be concentrated in 9 States/UTs.

Kerala has reported the maximum number of single day recoveries with 5,290 newly recovered cases. 2,106 people recovered in Maharashtra in the past 24 hours followed by 738 in Karnataka.

 

84.73% of the new cases are from 7 States and UTs.

Kerala continues to report the highest daily new cases at 6,293. It is followed by Maharashtra with 2,405, while Karnataka reported 529 new cases.

Seven States/UTs account for 83.94%of the new deaths. Maharashtra saw the maximum casualties (47). Kerala follows with 19daily deaths and Chhattisgarh with 14.

India has reported only 1 death per million populationin the last seven days.

 

                                                                                                                                               

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Important Environmental days

 

Important Environmental days

Month	Day	Date	Division
February	2 28	World Wetlands Day National Science Day	NRCD RE Division
March	3 20 21 22	World Wildlife Day World Sparrow Day International Day of Forests World Water Day	Wildlife Division Animal Welfare Division Forest Policy Division NRCD
	Last Saturday of March	Earth Hour day
April	18	World Heritage Day International Mother Earth Day	Wildlife Division Forest Policy Division
May	22 23	International Biodiversity Day World Turtle Day	CS Division Wild Life Division
June	5 8 17	World Environment Day World Ocean day World Day to Combat Desertification	Media division Coastal/SICOM Division Desertification Cell  Division
July	28 29	World Nature Conservation Day International Tiger Day	Biodiversity Division Wild Life Division
August	10 12 20	International Biodiesel Day World Elephant Day AkhshayUrjaDiwas	CS Division Wild Life Division CT/CP Division
September	16 18 28	International Ozone day International Coastal Clean Up Day Green Consumer Day	Ozone Cell IA-3/CS Division CS Division
October	1 to 7 4 1st Monday Of October 2nd Wednesday of October 24	Wildlife Week World Animal welfare Day World Habitat DayInternational Day for Natural Disaster ReductionUnited Nations Day	Wild Life Division Animal Welfare Division IA DivisionIA DivisionGC Division
December	2 3 5 11 14	National Pollution Prevention Day Bhopal Gas Tragedy Day World Soil Day International Mountain Day National Energy Conservation Day	PC Division PC Division DG/CT Division Mountain Division

 

Prevention of accidents in Laboratory Stores

Laboratory stores play a significant role in the efficient working of laboratories. Stores maintain stocks of chemicals, utilities, and consumables which are required by chemists. It is true that not all items pose hazards but materials that have hazard potential include:

• Toxic and poisonous chemicals
• Flammable solvents
• Corrosive liquids including strong acids
• Compressed Gases
• Highly reactive chemicals and explosive materials
• Dangerous microbiological specimens
• Radioactive materials

The list can include other hazardous items depending on activities of the laboratory. An earlier article covered the responsibilities of stakeholders for implementing laboratory warehouse safety.  In the present article, suggestions are being offered for the prevention of accidents in warehouses.

Well maintained laboratory stores

Types of accidents

Accidents in stores can prove to be even more damaging than in laboratories primarily because storage is in bulk quantities. Generally, accidents result from the following factors:

• Fires
• Electrical short circuits and shocks
• Leaks and spills
• Unplanned storage
• Use of defective material handling equipment
• Careless handling of containers

Fires

Fires can result in stores maintaining stocks of flammable liquids and gases.

• Provide adequate numbers of fire extinguishers in vulnerable locations. In addition, smoke detectors and fire hoses should also be additionally provided. Such devices should be periodically inspected to confirm their proper functioning.
• Basic firefighting training should be provided to all warehouse workers.
• Stocks of flammable liquids and gases should be kept in specially designated areas away from other routine supplies. The areas should be well ventilated and protected from sunshine and rain. Gas cylinders should be inspected periodically for freedom from leakages.
• Only sufficient stocks should be maintained and replenished from time to time in line with laboratory requirements.

Electrical short circuits and shocks

Electrical shocks and short circuits are next common cause of accidents

• Ensure electrical utilities are properly earthed
• Electrical points are not overloaded
• Inspect wirings for damages so that there are no exposed cables
• Entry to high tension areas should be allowed only with safety shoes and gloves.

Leakages and Spillages

• Inspect containers and packets  for physical damage and leaks before stocking in designated spaces
• Inspect gas cylinders periodically for leaks and store them in well-ventilated rooms
• Maintain spill management kits
• Spillage areas should be cordoned off immediately and spills should be attended to on priority
• Move solvent bottles in trays or trolleys

Unplanned storage

• Do not stock material in passages and galleries as it can lead to blockage of escape routes during emergencies
• Incompatible materials should not be stored in the close vicinity of one another
• Before stacking plastic carboys and metal drums ensure that base pallets are not damaged, cracked or deformed
• Highly toxic and poisonous materials should be stocked in special cabinets under lock and key

Defective material  handling  equipment

• Ensure proper functioning of material handling equipment such as trolley and forklifts before using them
• Do not operate the material handling equipment in reverse as this can lead to unexpected accidents
• Never overload trolleys and forklifts

Careless handling

• Do not carry solvent bottles from the neck alone. Place the other hand below for additional support
• Do not place corrosive liquids on overhead shelves. The best option is to place them on the floor.
• Keep the storage area well illuminated at all times
• Make use of protective clothing and gloves when handling corrosive liquids
• Gas cylinders should be kept properly secured to walls and should not be rolled on the floor or down the ramps.

Safety in the stores can be ensured through a contribution from all concerned as it is a joint responsibility. Safety instructions should reach all through training sessions. On observation of any damages or flaws, corrective action should be taken proactively to prevent mishaps in future.

 

Suggested Step-wise approach for training on Sophisticated Analytical Instruments

Training on sophisticated analysis instrument

Age old Classical analysis techniques are being replaced by modern sophisticated instrumental analysis techniques in laboratories across the world. In order to use such instruments to their optimum capacity structured training is essential.

A new joinee in a laboratory, especially one fresh from university, has high ambitions and is keen to acquire knowledge about the organization, familiarize with the hierarchy and above all learn about new processes and analysis techniques.

As an accomplished trainer you have foremost responsibility of bringing the trainee into a comfort zone and help boost his or her confidence. Next you have to develop and upgrade the required skills through planned and structured training. A systematic stage-wise approach is suggested to make the learning experience effective, enjoyable and purposeful for the trainee.

Step-1 Understand the trainee’s mind

A new entrant to the laboratory is highly enthusiastic and wants to operate even the most sophisticated instruments available from day one. Unfortunately, this is not practically possible and the trainer has to make sustained efforts to help him or her achieve the desired objectives.

Stage-2 Discuss the system capabilities

Do not make the mistake of rushing into system operation on the very first day. Make a start with the application areas of the technique. Talk about the typical classes of compounds or, elements analysed using the system, detection ranges and other features that render the system suitable for analysis.

Stage-3 Introduce the System Components

The new entrant might at first sight feel scared on seeing the sophisticated system. Demystify the system with a brief introduction to the system modules laying emphasis on their contributions to overall reliability on results. Dwell briefly on basics without going into unnecessary details to maintain the trainee’s interest. This approach will help raise the trainee’s interest even further.

Stage-4 Demonstrate the operation

Now time is ripe to go into the operational aspects as the trainee has begun to appreciate the system capabilities and is now keen to learn its operation. Before proceeding further cover the safety requirements and need for environmental controls such as temperature, humidity, dust free environment and sample contamination from other sources. Next demonstrate correct practices of sample handling, pre-treatment, extraction, drying, weighing and sample dilution as incorrect practices can be adopted lifelong and need to be corrected right from start. Slowly proceed with the operation steps and explain the role of software in set up of system parameters and data treatment for generation of final results. It is also necessary at this stage to explain the different formulae and calculations, if needed, to arrive at the final results.

Stage-5 Introduction to Preventive Maintenance

Preventive maintenance ensures trouble free operation of instruments during their life- span. Highly sophisticated instruments require more stringent preventive maintenance routines as costs of repairs can be very high. The trainee at this stage is not expected to carry out the maintenance schedules but should begin to appreciate the necessity.

Stage-6 Troubleshooting

It serves little purpose if troubleshooting is covered in depth in a single session. It takes several months of hands-on operation before a trainee begins to appreciate the nature of problems that can arise. It helps to provide troubleshooting guidance as and when problems are faced.

In the end it can be summarized that training on sophisticated analytical instrument cannot be considered to be complete in 2-3 days or even through 2-3 day workshops. Such workshops help only to familiarize the trainee with the systems and on the other hand if spread over extended period of time under consistent monitoring will meet the required objectives.

Now ,hopefully, you will appreciate that merely providing operating command instructions is not sufficient as far as sophisticated instruments are concerned and extended training goes a long way in generating the trainee’s interest, confidence on system operation as well as on you as an accomplished trainer.

Good Bye message-BY SHRI TK KOLE SIR

 Dear Sir/Madam,

Since I am getting relieved from NFCL  today, I thought to leave a message for you all. It was since Sept 2018, I came across such a wonderful organization and people who made this up to, who will  always be in my fond memories. Leaving within a short span would have never been so painful, had this bonding with you been not so strong. I will remain grateful for cooperation and collaboration extended to me during my service. In case I have hurt someone in the way of working, please forgive.

Good and bad days are there in every organization. I also wish and pray, NFCL will soon resolve all the issues very soon and put back itself on the right track of good days.

Best wishes and warm regards. Stay safe and healthy.

TKKole

Environment Acts & Rules

 

Environment Acts & Rules

According to Section 2(a) of the Environmental Protection Act, 1986, ‘Environment’ includes water, air and land and the inter-relationship which exists among and between water, air and land, and human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro-organism and property.

1. Coastal Regulation Zone Act
2. Hazardous Waste Management Rules

1. Bio-medical Waste Management Rules
2. Public Liability Insurance Act

• Environment Protection Act
• Water Act
• Water Cess Act
• Air Act
• Rules for handling Harmful Micro Organisms
• Recycled Plastics Usage Rules

Environmental Protection Act

Environmental Protection Act, 1986 (E . P. A)

An Act to provide for the protection and improvement of environment and for matters connected there with.

WHEREAS the decisions where taken at the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held at Stockholm in June, 1972, in which India participated, to take appropriate steps for the protection and improvement of human environment.

AND WHEREAS it is considered necessary further to implement the decisions aforesaid in so far as they relate to the protection and improvement of environment and prevention of hazards to human beings, other living creatures, plants and property.

MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS

NOTIFICATION under Section 3(2) (v) of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and Rules 5 (3) (d) of Environment (Protection)Rules, 1986 Prohibiting Industries in Murud-janjira Area in the Raligarh District of Maharastra.

S.O.No.20 (E) – Whereas a notification under sub-rule (3) of the rule 5 of the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 inviting objecting against the imposition of prohibition on the location of all industries in Murud-Janjira area in Raigarh district of Maharastra was published vide No.S.O. 85 (E), dated the 7th September, 1988.And Whereas all objections received have been duly considered by the Central Government.

Now, therefore, in exercise of the powers conferred by clause (d) of sub-rule (3) of Rule 5 of the said rules, the Central Government hereby prohibits location of all industries, carrying on of operations or processes in a belt of one kilometre from the high tide mark from the Revdanda Creek at 190 35″) upto Devgarh Point (near Shrivardhan) at 180 O’) as well as in one kilometre belt along the banks of the Rajpuri Creek upto Mhasia, except those industries, operations of precesses which are in connection with the promotion and development of Tourism and those thich are permitted by the Central Government after examining the environment impact.

How are the terms “environment”, “environmental pollutant”, “environmental pollution” and “hazardous substance” defined under the E.P.A. 1986?

According to Section 2 of E.P.A.

1. “Environment” includes water, air and land and the inter-relationship which exists among and between water, air and land, and human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro-organism and property.
2. “Environmental pollutant” means any solid, liquid or gaseous substance present in such concentration as may be, or tend to be, injurious to environment.
3. “Environmental pollution” means the presence in the environment of any environmental pollutant.
4. “Hazardous substance” means any substance or preparation which, by reason of its chemical or physico-chemical properties or handling, is liable to cause harm to human beings, other living creatures; plants, micro-organisms, property or the environment.

What are the general powers of the Central Government under E.P.A. for the protection and improvement of environment?

Section 3. Power of Central Government to take measure to protect and improve the environment

1. Subject to the provisions of this Act, the Central Government shall have the power to take all such measures as it deems necessary or expedient for the purpose of protecting and improving the quality of the environment pollution.
2. In particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the provisions of sub-section (1), such measures may include measures with respect to all or any of the following matters, namely.
   1. Co-ordination of actions by the State Governments, officers and other authorities
      1. Under this Act, or the rules made thereunder or
      2. Under any other law for the time being in force which is relatable to the objects of this Act.
   2. Planning and execution of a nation-wide programme for the prevention, control and abatement of environmental pollution.
   3. Laying down standards for the quantity of environment in its various aspects.
   4. Laying down standards for emission or discharge of environmental pollutants from various sources whatsoever. Provided that different standards for emission or discharge may be laid down under this clause from different sources having regard to the quality or composition of the emission lr discharge of environmental pollutants from such sources.
   5. Restriction of areas in which any industries, operations or processes or class of industries, operations or processes shall not be carried out or shall be carried out subject to certain safeguards.
   6. Laying down procedures and safeguards for the prevention of accidents which may cause environmental pollution and remedial measures for such accidents.
   7. Laying down procedures and safeguards for the handling of hazardous substances.
   8. Examination of such manufacturing processes, materials and substances as are likely to cause environmental pollution.
   9. Carrying out and sponsoring investigations and research relating to problems of environmental pollution.
   10. Inspection of any premises, plant, equipment, machinery, manufacturing or other processes, materials or substances and giving, by order, of such directions to such authorities, officers or persons as it may consider necessary to take steps for the prevention, control and abatement of environmental pollution.
   11. Establishment or recognition of environmental laboratories and institutes to carry out the functions entrusted to such environmental laboratories and institutes under this Act.
   12. Collection and dissemination of information in respect of matters relating to environmental pollution.
   13. Preparation of manuals, codes or guides relating to the prevention, control and abatement of environmental pollution.
   14. Such other matters as the Central Government deems necessary or expedient for the purpose of securing the effective implementation of the provisions of this Act.
3. The Central Government may, if it consider it necessary or expedient so to do for the purposes of this Act, by order published in the Official Gazettee, constitute an authority or authorities by such name or names as may be specified in the order for the purpose of exercising and performing such of the powers and functions (including the power to issue directions under Section
4. of the Central Government under this Act and for taking measures with respect to such of the matters referred to in sub-section(2) as may be mentioned in the order and subject to the supervision and control of the Central Government and the provisions of such order, such authority or authorities may exercise the powers or perform the functions or take the measures so mentioned in the order as if such authority had been empowered by this Act to exercise those powers or perform those functions or take such measures.

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Section 4. Appointment of Officers and their powers and functions :

1. Without prejudice to the provisions of sub-section(3) of Section 3, the Central Government may appoint officers with such designations as it thinks fit for the purpose of this Act and may entrust to them such of the powers and functions under the Act as it may deem fit.
2. The officers appointed under sub-section(1) shall be subject to the general control and direction of the Central Government or , if so directed by that Government, also of the authority or authorities, if any, constituted under sub-section(3) of Section 3 or of any other authority or officer.

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Section 5. Power to give directions :

Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law but subject to the provisions of this Act, the Central Government may, in the exercise of its powers and performance of its functions under this Act, issue directions in writing to any person, officer or any authority and such person, officer or authority shall be bound to comply with such directions.

Explanation – For the avoidance of doubts, it is hereby declared that the power to issue directions under this section includes the power to direct

1. The closure, prohibition or regulation or any industry, operation or process. or,
2. Stoppage or regulation of the supply of electricity or water or any other service.

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Section 6. Rules to regulate environmental pollution :

1. The Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, make rules in respect of all or any of the matters referred to in Section 3.
2. In particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such rules may provide for all or any of the following matters, namely:
   1. The standards of quality of air, water or soil for various areas and purposes.
   2. The maximum allowable limits of concentration of various environmental pollutants (including noise) for different areas.
   3. The procedures and safeguards for the handling of hazardous substances.
   4. The prohibition and restrictions on the handling of hazardous substances in different areas.
   5. The prohibition and restrictions on the location of industries and the carrying on of processes and operations in different areas.
   6. The procedures and safeguards for the prevention of accidents which may cause environmental pollution and for providing for remedial measures for such accidents.

Is pollution of load/soil covered under E.P.A ?

Yes. Because under the E.P.A Environment includes water, air and land.

The sources of land pollution are :

1. The unintended or incidental pollution of soil with man made chemicals.
2. The spent material from mining, or processing, etc.
3. The discharge of sewage or waste water from urban areas on the land used for agricultural purposes, particularly that adjoining urban areas.
4. The indiscriminate disposal of solid waste (refuse).

What are the requirements that are to be fulfilled under the E.P.A. by persons carrying on any industry, operation etc.?

According to Section 7, no person carrying on any indsutry, operation or process shall discharge or emit or permit to be discharged or emitted any environmental pollutants in excess of such standards as may be prescribed.

What are the penalties for violation under the E.P.A.?

1. Whoever fails to comply with or contravenes any of the provisions of this Act, or the rules made or orders or directions issued thereunder, shall, in respect of each such failure or contravention, be punishable with imprisonment for a team which may extend to five years or with fine which may extend to one lakh rupees, or with both, and in case the failure or contravention continues, with additional fine which may extend to five thousand rupees for every day during which such failure or contravention continues after the conviction for the first such failure or contravention.
2. If the failure or contravention referred to in sub-section(1) continues beyond a period of one year after the date of conviction, the offender shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years.

Can companies and government departments be also prosecuted under E.P.A.?

Yes.

What restriction does the E.P.A impose on private citizens with respect to courts taking cognizance of offences under the E.P.A. 1986?

Under this Act no court shall take cognizance of any offence except on a complaint made by any person who has given notice of not less than sixty days, in the manner prescribed, of the alleged offence and of his intention to make a complaint, to the Central Government or the authority or officer authorised as aforesaid.

What is the effect of Section 24 of the E.P.A with respect to other laws that also deal with environment protection ?

According to Section 24, where any act or omission constitutes an offence punishable under this Act and also under any other Act then the offender found guilty of such offence shall be liable to be punished under the other Act and not under this Act.

Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016

Guidelines for Industries

 

Guidelines for Industries

The APPCB follows a set of guidelines in granting Consent for establishment to different industries. The guidelines that different industries have to follow are given below based on the Industry type. Please click on your relevant industry to access guidelines.

Guidelines for Cement Grinding Units :

These siting guidelines are applicable to the units with total investments upto Rs. 10.0 Crores.

These siting guidelines are not applicable for the units proposed in the IEs/IDAs/Industrial Parks/ SEZ etc., and for expansion of the existing units.

The width of buffer zone to be maintained from the Road Land Boundary to the industry shed shall be as following:

Category	National Highways	State Highways	MDR / Village Roads
Orange (Total investment upto Rs. 10 Crores)	25 m	20 m	10 m

The buffer zone shall be permitted to utilise for the following:

1. Vehicle parking.
2. Administrative building and security office.
3. Green belt.
4. Electrical Substation / transformers.
5. Fuel Station.
6. Water supply sumps and
7. Other non-industrial activities.

The distance between the boundary of the site and human habitation, educational institutions and religious places shall not be less than 300 m.

Minimum area of the site shall be Ac. 1.5.

Greenbelt shall be developed along the boundary of the land, with atleast two rows of tall growing plants such as Conocarpus (Dubai plants) etc., to act as a barrier to mitigate dust pollution.

Bag filter for grinding unit and cement silo shall be provided.

Stone Crushing Units

These siting guidelines are applicable to the units with total investments upto Rs. 10.0 Crores.

These siting guidelines are not applicable for the units proposed in the IEs/IDAs/Industrial Parks/ SEZ etc., and for expansion of the existing units.

The distance between the boundary of the site and boundary of the

i) National Highway shall be -500 m

ii) State High way, MDR and other roads shall be -100 m

The distance between the boundary of the site and human habitation, educational institutions and religious places shall not be less than 500 m.

Preferably located near the quarries.

    Minimum area of land required – 3 acres.

Green belt of width 5 m shall be developed along the boundary of the land, with atleast three rows of tall growing plants such as Conocarpus (Dubai plants) etc., to act as a barrier to mitigate dust pollution. A barricade with steel sheets shall be provided between the Crusher area and the green belt. The height of the barricade shall be 1.0 metre above the highest point of the stone crusher / conveyor belt.

Dairy Units (except Chilling units)

These siting guidelines are applicable to the units with total investments upto Rs. 10.0 Crores.

These siting guidelines are not applicable for the units proposed in the IEs/IDAs/Industrial Parks/ SEZ etc., and for expansion of the existing units.

 The width of buffer zone to be maintained from the Road Land Boundary to the industry shed shall be as following:

S.No	Category	National Highways	State Highways	MDR / Village Roads
1	Red (integrated)	50 m	40 m	20 m
2	Orange (small scale)	25 m	20 m	10 m

 The buffer zone shall be permitted to utilise for the following:

1. Vehicle parking.
2. Administrative building and security office
3. Green belt.
4. Electrical Substation / transformers.
5. Fuel Station.
6. Water supply sumps and
7. Other non-industrial activities.

The distance between the boundary of the site and human habitation, educational institutions and religious places shall not be less than 300 m.

 Area of the green belt shall be @ one acre to dispose 10 KLD of treated waste water, in addition to the built-up area. (OR)

 The industry can discharge the treated effluents into surrounding fields, after submitting the NOC from the farmers to the Board.

• New Dairy units shall install bag filters as the control equipment for the boiler(s), if the distance between the boundary of the site and human habitation, educational institutions and religious places is less than 500 m.
• If, the distance between the boundary of the site of the new Dairy units and human habitation, educational institutions and religious places is equal to or more than 500 m, cyclone / multi-cyclones are sufficient as the control equipment for the boiler(s).
• If the fuel for the boiler is oil such as diesel, pollution control equipment is not required. Required stack height shall be provided.

LPG Bottling Unit (Upto 100 tonnes storage)

 The distance between the boundary of the site and boundary of any road shall be at least 100 m.

 The distance between the boundary of the site and human habitation (boundary of Town, Village etc.) shall be at least 1 km.

 Total area of land acquired – Ac. 5.0

 On site emergency plan to be prepared before the activity is commenced i.e. before the trial production.

Cashew Processing Unit

Drum Process

 To be located 1 km away from habitation

 No new units to be allowed in Palasa, Kasibugga & Mogilipadu.

 Distance between 2 units shall be 500 m.

 A distance of 500 m shall be maintained between the boundary of site and the edge of National & State Highway.

 A distance of 100 m shall be maintained from boundary of site and Edge of B.T. Roads in the Districts.

Boiling Process (modified guidelines)

In the 5^th Board Meeting held on 20.04.2017 vide Resolution No. 97/2017, the Board approved the following revised guidelines for establishment of new Cashew Nut Processing Units:

 To be located 200 m away from habitation.

 No new units to be allowed in Palasa, Kasibugga and Mogilipadu clusters. However, new unit with boiling process will be allowed replacing sick unit in the said clusters where roasting process took place hitherto on submission of the proof of the existence of the old unit from any of the Government departments. Multiple new units in one premises, in place of one sick unit is not allowed.

 De-oiled cashew nut shell / bio-mass shall be used as fuel for the boiler and drier.

Guidelines for Pulverizing Units:

These siting guidelines are applicable to the units with total investments upto Rs. 10.0 Crores.

These siting guidelines are not applicable for the units proposed in the IEs/IDAs/Industrial Parks/ SEZ etc., and for expansion of the existing units.

 The width of buffer zone to be maintained from the Road Land Boundary to the industry shed shall be as following:

Category	National Highways	State Highways	MDR / Village Roads
Orange	25 m	20 m	10 m

 

 The buffer zone shall be permitted to utilise for the following:

1. Vehicle parking.
2. Administrative building and security office.
3. Green belt.
4. Electrical Substation / transformers.
5. Fuel Station.
6. Water supply sumps and
7. Other non-industrial activities.

 The minimum distance between the boundary of the site and human habitation shall be 300 m.

  Minimum area of the site shall be Ac. 1.5.

 Greenbelt  shall be developed  along the boundary  of the land, with atleast two rows of tall growing plants such as Conocarpus (Dubai plants) etc., to act as a barrier to mitigate dust pollution.

 Bag filter has to be provided for the pulverizer.

Para Boiling Rice Mills

These siting guidelines are applicable to the units with total investments upto Rs. 10.0 Crores.

These siting guidelines are not applicable for the units proposed in the IEs/IDAs/Industrial Parks/ SEZ etc., and for expansion of the existing units.

 The width of buffer zone to be maintained from the Road Land Boundary to the industry shed shall be as following:

S.No	Category	National Highways	State Highways	MDR / Village Roads
1	Red (wastewater generation > 100 KLD or fuel consumption > 12 MTD or both )	50 m	40 m	20 m
2	Orange (wastewater generation < 100 KLD or fuel consumption < 12 MTD or both )	25 m	20 m	10 m

 The buffer zone shall be permitted to utilise for the following:

1. Vehicle parking.
2. Administrative building and security office.
3. Green belt.
4. Electrical Substation / transformers.
5. Fuel Station.
6. Water supply sumps and
7. Other non-industrial activities.

 The distance between the boundary of the site and human habitation, educational institutions and religious places shall not be less 300 m.

 The new units shall not be located in the catchment area of drinking water source.

 Area of the green belt shall be @ one acre to dispose 10 KLD of treated waste water, in addition to the built-up area. (OR)

The industry can discharge the treated effluents into surrounding fields, after submitting the NOC from the farmers to the Board.

 Greenbelt  shall be developed  along the boundary  of the land, with atleast two rows of tall growing plants such as Conocarpus (Dubai plants) etc., to act as a barrier to mitigate dust pollution.

 Rice Husk / Boiler ash shall be stored in a separate closed sheds in one of the corners of the site, away from habitation, educational institutions and religious places and roads.

 Bag filter shall be provided to the Boiler. If the fuel for the boiler is oil such as diesel, pollution control equipment is not required. Required stack height shall be provided.

Pesticide Formulation Units

    No clusters of pesticide formulation units shall be permitted.

 The quality of product (after mixing) shall be ensured and certified by agricultural department before going into commercial production. The certificate shall be produced before the APPCB while applying for CFO or when the unit goes for expansion.

 The proponent has to substantiate the break-up the capital cost so that a proportionate amount is justified for pollution control measures for odour or dust causing products /processes.

 The solid, liquid and gaseous formulation units shall have extraction and scrubbing systems for mitigation of smell or to avoid any accidental leakages of poisonous gases.

 Bag filters shall be installed to trap particulate matter at all dust emission points in the process.

 Dry mopping vacuum cleaning of floor shall be adopted instead of wet floor washing and vessel cleaning as it prevents water contamination.

 Solid waste/drums shall be detoxified and they only disposed off by incineration or to the scrap dealers.

 The unit shall  be located at least a raidal distance of 1 km away from any human habitation excluding APIIC IEs/IDAs.

 All odour causing chemicals in the formulation units shall be stored in a separate place within the premises.

 The units shall have at least 50-80% open area other than the factory built up area.

Sponge Iron Units – Guidelines / Code of practice for Pollution prevention for Sponge Iron Plants (CPCB)

Air Pollution

Stack Emission from Kiln

i) Adequately designed ESP or any other adequate air pollution control system/combination of system should be installed to achieve the prescribed stack emission standards

As installation and operation of Pollution Control Equipment for plants with less than 100 TPD capacity is not economically viable, therefore, it is recommended that plants with less than 100 TPD shall not be permitted in future.

Program for phasing out old plants having capacity less than 100 TPD shall be worked out by the State Pollution Control Board.

ii) All Pollution control equipment should be provided with separate electricity meter and totaliser for continuous recording of power consumption. The amperage of the ID fan should also be recorded continuously. Non-functioning of Pollution control equipment should be recorded in the same logbook along with reasons for not running the Pollution Control Equipment.

iii)  The safety cap/emergency stack of rotary kiln type plant, which is generally installed above the After Burner Chamber (ABC) of feed end column should not be used for discharging untreated emission, bypassing the air pollution control device.

iv)  In order to prevent bypassing of emissions through safety cap and non-operation of ESP or any other pollution control device, software controlled interlocking facility should be provided on the basis of real time data from the plant control system, to ensure stoppage of feed conveyor, so that, feed to the kiln would stop automatically, if safety cap of the rotary kiln is opened or ESP is not in operation. The system should be able to take care of multiple operating parameters and their inter relations to prevent any possibility of defeating the basic objective of the interlock. The system should be foolproof to prevent any kind of tempering. The software based interlocking system, proposed to be installed by industry should be get approved by the concerned State Pollution Control Board, for its adequacy, before installation by the industry.

v)  Mechanical operated system for timely collection and removal of the flue dust generated in ESP or any other pollution control device shall be installed.

Stack Emission from de-dusting units

All de-dusting units should be connected to a stack having a minimum stack height of 30 m. Sampling porthole and platform etc. shall be provided as per CPCB emission regulation to facilitate stack monitoring. De-dusting units can also be connected to ABC Chamber and finally emitted through common stack with kiln off-gas emissions.

Fugitive Emission

The measurement may be done, preferably on 8-hour basis with high volume sampler. However, depending upon the prevalent conditions at the site, the period of measurement can be reduced.

 Effluent Discharge

All efforts should be made to reuse and re-circulate the water and to maintain zero effluent discharge.
Storm water / garland drain should be provided in the plant.

 Noise Control

The industry should take measures to control the Noise Pollution so that the noise level standards already notified for Industrial area are complied.

 Solid Waste Management

Char
Char should be mixed with coal or coal washery rejects and used as fuel in Fluidized Bed Combustion Boilers (FBC) for generation of power. The plants having capacity 200 TPD and above should install Fluidized Bed Combustion Boilers (FBC) for generation of power. Also the smaller capacity individual Sponge Iron Plants (Capacity upto 100 TPD) and operating in cluster can collectively install common Fluidized Bed Combustion Boilers (FBC) for power generation. The Sponge Iron Plant are free to explore other options / possibilities to use char for generation of power. Char can be sold to local entrepreneurs for making coal briquettes. It can also be mixed with coal fines, converted to briquettes and used in brick kilns.

Under no circumstances char should be disposed off in agricultural fields/other areas. Logbook for daily record, of Char production and usage must be maintained by the industry and the record shall be made available to officials of CPCB/SPCB/PCC during inspection.

Kiln Accretions
The kiln accretions are heavy solid lumps and can be used as sub- base material for road construction or landfill, after ascertaining the composition for its suitability and ensuring that it should not have any adverse environmental impact.

Gas Cleaning Plant (GCP)/Scrubber Sludge
The sludge should be compacted and suitably disposed off after ascertaining the composition for its suitability and ensuring that it should not have any adverse environmental impact.

Flue Dust / Fly ash
Flue dust is generated from air pollution control system i.e. ESP or any other air pollution control system installed with kiln. Secondary flue dust is also generated from Bag Filters or any other air pollution control equipment installed with Raw Material Handling, Coal Crusher, Cooler Discharge and Product house unit. The reuse/ recycling of the flue dust generated / collected may be explored and suitably implemented.

Fly ash brick manufacturing plant should be install for fly ash utilization. Fly ash can be utilized in cement making by Cement industry also.

Bottom Ash
Bottom ash may have objectionable metallic compounds, therefore should be stored in properly designed landfills as per CPCB guidelines to prevent leaching to the sub-soil and underground aquifer.

General
Solid waste management program should be prepared with thrust on reuse and recycling. Solid waste disposal site should be earmarked within the plant premises. The storage site of solid waste should be scientifically designed keeping in view that the storage of solid waste should not have any adverse impact on the air quality or water regime, in any way.

The various types of solid wastes generated should be stored separately as per CPCB guidelines so that it should not adversely affect the air quality, becoming air borne by wind or water regime during rainy season by flowing along with the storm water.

Raw Material handling and Preparation

i)  Unloading of coal by trucks or wagons should be carried out with proper care avoiding dropping of the materials from height. It is advisable to moist the material by sprinkling water while unloading.

ii)  Crushing and screening operation should be carried out in enclosed area. Centralized de- dusting facility (collection hood and suction arrangements followed by de-dusting unit like bag filter or ESP or equally effective method or wet scrubber and finally discharge of emission through a stack) should be provided to control Fugitive Particulate Matter Emissions. The stack should confirm to the emission standards notified for de-dusting units. Water sprinkling arrangement should be provided at raw material heaps and on land around the crushing and screening units.

iii)  Work area including the roads surrounding the plant shall be asphalted or concreted.

iv)  Enclosure should be provided for belt conveyors and transfer points of belt conveyors.
The above enclosures shall be rigid and permanent (and not of flexible/ cloth type enclosures) and fitted with self- closing doors and close fitting entrances and exits, where conveyors pass through the enclosures. Flexible covers shall be installed at entry and exit of the conveyor to the enclosures, minimizing the gaps around the conveyors.In the wet system, water sprays/ sprinklers shall be provided at the following strategic locations for dust suppression during raw material transfer:

– Belt conveyor discharge/ transfer point
– Crusher/screen discharge locations

 Waste Heat Recovery Boiler (WHRB)

Sponge Iron Plants of capacity more than 100 TPD kilns shall use Waste Heat Recovery Boiler (WHRB) for generation of power.

 Cooler Discharge and Product Separation Unit

Permanent and rigid enclosures shall be provided for belt conveyors and transfer points of belt conveyors. Dust extraction cum control system preferably bag filters or ESP to arrest product loss in cooler discharge and product separation area shall be installed.

 Char based Power Plant

For plant having capacity of 200 TPD of cumulative kiln capacity, the power production through FBC boiler using char as a part of fuel, is a viable option. Power generation through FBC boiler using char as a part of fuel be implemented in a phased manner within 4 years of commissioning and targeting for 100% utilization of char.

Individual Sponge Iron Plants of capacity upto 100 TPD and located in cluster can install a common char based power plant collectively.

 New Sponge Iron Plants

i)  No New Sponge Iron Plant will be commissioned without installation of Pollution control systems as stipulated in the Standards. The concerned State Pollution Control Board will accord consent to operate only after Physical verification of the adequacy of the Installed pollution control systems for meeting the standards and stipulated conditions in the consent to establish.

ii)  All new kilns shall have the independent stack with the kiln or multi-flue stacks in case two or more kilns are joining the same stack for better dispersion of pollutants.

iii)  Any entrepreneur having more than 2×100 TPD kiln may install WHRB for power generation, as it’s a techno-economic viable option. For plants having capacity of 200 TPD or more, power generation using char in FBC Boiler as part of fuel is techno-economic viable option, therefore, new plants must install FBC boiler for power generation at the time of installation of the industry.

iv)  Any new sponge iron plant being installed along with the other downstream facilities of converting the sponge iron into steel with/without further processing the steel should meet the target of 100% utilization of sensible heat of DR (Direct Reduction) Gas and Char for power generation. Wet scrubbing system for kiln off-gas treatment for such plants should not be opted.

 General Guidelines

i)  Extensive plantation/Green belt shall be developed along the roads and boundary line of the industry. A minimum 15 m width Green Belt along the boundary shall be maintained. However, the green belt may be designed scientifically depending upon the requirement and local and mix species of plants may be selected for the green belt.

ii)  Monitoring of stack emissions, fugitive emissions, trade effluent and noise level shall be done as per CPCB regulations.

iii)  Pollution control systems shall be operated as an integral part of production to ensure minimum emissions. Pollution Control System shall start before conveyor operation/operation of plant. Similarly pollution control system shall be stopped only after completion of conveyor operation/operation of plant so that possibility of dust settlement in ducts can be eliminated. Continuous evacuation of dust (from Dust catchers, ESPs, Bag filter hopper etc.) shall be organized.

 Siting Guideline for Sponge Iron Plants
Siting of new sponge iron plants shall be as per respective State Pollution Control Board guidelines. However the following aspects shall also be considered:

i)  Residential habitation (residential localities/ village) and ecologically and/or otherwise sensitive areas: A minimum distance of at least 1000 m (1.0 km) to be maintained.

ii)  The location of Sponge Iron Plant should be at least 500 m away from National Highway and State Highway .

iii)  Radial distance between two Sponge Iron Plants should be 5 km for plants having capacity 1000 TPD or more.

Sitting Guidelines for Transportation / Communication System

 In the 5^th Board Meeting held on 20.04.2017 vide resolution no. 98/2017; the Board approved the following revised guidelines with respect to distance between the industries and the roads:

S.No.	Category	width of buffer zone to be maintained from the Road Land Boundary to the industry shed:
		National Highways	State Highways	MDR / Village Roads
1	Red	50 m	40 m	20 m
2	Orange	25 m	20 m	10 m
3	Green	Exempted from the distance criteria.

 The buffer zone shall be permitted to utilise for the following:

• Vehicle parking.
• Administrative building and security office.
• Green belt.
• Electrical Substation / transformers.
• Fuel Station.
• Water supply sumps and
• Other non-industrial activities.

  These guidelines shall be applicable to industries other than those categories of industries for which specific guidelines are formulated by the Board.

 These guidelines are not applicable to the industries to be located within industrial estates.

Tyre Pyrolysis units:

These siting guidelines are applicable to the units with total investments upto Rs. 10.0 Crores.

These siting guidelines are not applicable for the units proposed in the IEs/IDAs/Industrial Parks/ SEZ etc., and for expansion of the existing units.

  The width of buffer zone to be maintained from the Road Land Boundary to the industry shed shall be as following:

Category	National Highways	State Highways	MDR / Village Roads
Red	50 m	40 m	20 m

The buffer zone shall be permitted to utilise for the following:

1. Vehicle parking.
2. Administrative building and security office.
3. Green belt.
4. Electrical Substation / transformers.
5. Fuel Station.
6. Water supply sumps and
7. Other non-industrial activities.

 Shall be located atleast 500 m away from habitations.

 Burners shall be installed to flare up excess non condensable gases with safety arrangements.

 Air pollution control equipment shall be provided to control the flue gas emissions generated during the heating of the Pyrolysis reactor.

 No further distillation of oil shall be carried out.

 The by-products, carbon black shall be collected properly and stored in closed shed without causing any spillages before selling to outside parties.

Solvent Recovery units:

These siting guidelines are applicable to the units with total investments upto Rs. 10.0 Crores.

These siting guidelines are not applicable for the units proposed in the IEs/IDAs/Industrial Parks/ SEZ etc., and for expansion of the existing units.

 The solvent recovery units shall be installed in Industrial Estates / industrial parks / IDAs / SEZs.

 The solvent recovery units shall dispose the inorganic hazardous waste to TSDF for land filling and organic residue to TSDF for incineration / cement plants for co-processing.

 The solvent drums shall be kept on concrete platform only with covered roof. The platform shall be provided with sufficient dyke wall with leachate collection system.

 All the solvent storage tanks shall be provided with vent condensers to prevent solvent vapour.

 Transfer of solvents shall be done by using pumps only instead of manual handling.

 Proper earthing shall be provided in all the electrical equipment wherever solvent handling is done.