John Cockerill Hydrogen offers pressurized alkaline electrolyzer stacks, including a 5 MW single stack

 John Cockerill Hydrogen offers pressurized alkaline electrolyzer stacks, including a 5 MW single stack, known for high energy efficiency, reactivity to load variations, and a compact footprint, suitable for various industries. 

Here's a more detailed breakdown of their electrolyzer stack specifications:

Key Features & Benefits:

Technology: Pressurized alkaline technology (15 barg).

Stack Size: Offers a 5 MW single stack, the largest on the market.

Efficiency: High energy efficiency with low electrical consumption.

Reactivity: High reactivity to load variations, ideal for renewable energy projects.

Compact Footprint: Compact design.

Applications: Suitable for various industries including chemicals, glassmaking, steelmaking, and power plants.

Experience: 30+ years of experience in hydrogen technology.

References: 1200+ references worldwide in 30 countries.

Delivery: 80+ 5 MW single stacks delivered since 2018. 

Specific Specifications (based on available information):

Hydrogen Flow (Nominal): 500 Nm3/h

Hydrogen Pressure Out: 30 bar

Nominal Power: 2500 kW

Stack Specific Consumption: 4.3 kW/Nm3

System Specific Consumption: 5 kW/Nm3

Max Production Ratio: 100

Voltage: 350

Nominal Oxygen Production: 250

Oxygen Pressure Out: 30

Cooling Type: Water cooling

Service Lifetime: 25 years

Weight: 25,000 kg

Footprint: 10

TRL (Technology Readiness Level): 9

Stack Dimensions (LxWxH): 3.5 m x 2.2 m x 2.2 m

Stack Weight: 26,000 kg

Plant Footprint: Approx. 300 m² 

John Cockerill has significant electrolyzer production capacity, including a Franco-Belgian European Gigafactory with a production capacity of up to 1 GW/year (equivalent to 200 stacks of 5 MW each) by the end of 2025

 John Cockerill Hydrogen offers 5 MW single stack pressurized alkaline electrolyzers, known for their high capacity and efficiency, producing up to 1000 Nm³/h of hydrogen. 

Here's a more detailed breakdown:

Electrolyzer Capacity:

John Cockerill Hydrogen offers a wide range of electrolyzers, from a few Nm³ per hour to 1000 Nm³ per hour (equivalent to 5 MW). 

5 MW Single Stack:

Their 5 MW single stack pressurized electrolyzer is among the most powerful on the market. 

DQ1000 Stack:

The DQ1000 is a 5 MW stack that is easily duplicable to reach large-scale plants. 

High Purity Hydrogen:

Their purification system enables 99.999% H2 purity, suitable for use in fuel cell vehicles. 

R&D Focus:

John Cockerill Hydrogen's R&D objectives focus on reducing capital and operating costs (CAPEX & OPEX), optimizing yield and efficiency, reducing specific electrical consumption, adapting to renewable energy sources, and increasing current density. 

Clear100+:

Rely, a joint venture of Technip Energies and John Cockerill, launches Clear100+, a configurable productized plant dedicated to large-scale production of green hydrogen, incorporating John Cockerill Hydrogen's pressurized alkaline electrolyzers. 

Production Capacity:

John Cockerill has significant electrolyzer production capacity, including a Franco-Belgian European Gigafactory with a production capacity of up to 1 GW/year (equivalent to 200 stacks of 5 MW each) by the end of 2025 and a Suzhou CJH workshop with a 1 GW per year electrolyser manufacturing capacity

John Cockerill Hydrogen, a leader in alkaline electrolyzers,

 John Cockerill Hydrogen, a leader in alkaline electrolyzers, supplies advanced pressurized alkaline electrolyzers, including a 640 MW capacity in phase 1 for the AM Green Kakinada project, and plans to supply an additional 640 MW in the second phase, contributing to India's green hydrogen goals. 

Here's a more detailed breakdown:

AM Green Kakinada Project:

AM Green has placed a large order with John Cockerill for a 1.3 GW pressurized alkaline electrolyzer plant in Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India. 

Green Hydrogen and Green Ammonia:

This facility is designed to produce green hydrogen and convert it into green ammonia. 

John Cockerill's Role:

John Cockerill will supply the electrolyzers, with a focus on large-scale applications and renewable energy integration. 

Capacity and Phases:

Phase 1: 640 MW electrolyzer capacity. 

Phase 2: An additional 640 MW electrolyzer capacity. 

Power Conversion:

John Cockerill's electrolyzers are designed to efficiently convert electricity into hydrogen. 

Greenko Partnership:

Greenko Group, a leading energy transition company, has partnered with John Cockerill for the supply of 140 MW alkaline electrolyzers for large-scale applications. 

Electrolyzer Manufacturing:

John Cockerill is also involved in the development of India's largest electrolyzer manufacturing plant, with a capacity of 2 GW per year. 

Benefits of Pressurized Alkaline Electrolyzers:

Improved Plant Efficiency: Pressurized systems offer benefits like improved plant efficiency. 

Reduced Energy Consumption: They also reduce energy consumption and capital expenditure (capex). 

Load Flexibility: Pressurized systems offer flexible operation and the ability to integrate with renewable energy sources. 

John Cockerill's Expertise:

John Cockerill has decades of experience and over 1,000 references in alkaline electrolyzers. 

R&D Focus:

Their research and development program focuses on reducing capital and operating costs, optimizing yield and efficiency, and adapting electrolyzers to renewable energy sources. 

Global Strategy:

John Cockerill is developing a global network of electrolyzer gigafactories, with plans to have 8 GW of annual production capacity operating or under construction by 2025. 

Joint Venture with Technip Energies:

John Cockerill has formed a joint venture with Technip Energies called Rely, which will provide engineering, procurement, construction management, and commissioning services for the entire facility. 

Benefits of using PCUs in electrolyzer systems: Optimized Power Flow:

 In an electrolyzer system, the power conversion unit (PCU) is crucial for converting the alternating current (AC) from the grid or renewable sources into the direct current (DC) needed for electrolysis, enabling efficient hydrogen production. 

Here's a more detailed breakdown:

Function:

The PCU's primary role is to transform AC power into DC power, which is the input required by the electrolyzer to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. 

Types of PCUs:

AC/DC converters: These convert AC power from the grid or renewable sources into DC power for the electrolyzer. 

DC/DC converters: These are used when the electrolyzer is powered by a renewable energy source like solar panels, enabling Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and voltage regulation. 

Importance:

Grid Integration: PCUs ensure that the electrolyzer can efficiently and reliably utilize power from the grid or renewable sources. 

Efficiency: High-efficiency PCUs minimize energy losses during the conversion process, contributing to overall hydrogen production efficiency. 

Flexibility: PCUs allow for the use of different electrolyzer technologies (e.g., alkaline, PEM, SOEC) by providing the necessary DC voltage and current. 

Examples of PCU Technologies:

IGBT-based rectifiers: These are commonly used in large-scale electrolyzer applications for their high efficiency and reliability. 

Modular rectifiers: These offer flexibility and scalability for various electrolyzer capacities. 

Benefits of using PCUs in electrolyzer systems:

Optimized Power Flow: PCUs ensure that the electrolyzer receives the optimal power supply for efficient hydrogen production. 

Grid Stability: By converting AC to DC, PCUs minimize the impact on the grid and ensure stable power delivery. 

Reduced Costs: High-efficiency PCUs can lead to lower energy costs and reduced operational expenses. 

Vice President Shri Jagdeep Dhankhar Chairs Valedictory Session of National Green Tribunal’s National Conference on Environment 2025

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

azadi ka amrit mahotsav

Vice President Shri Jagdeep Dhankhar Chairs Valedictory Session of National Green Tribunal’s National Conference on Environment 2025

Two-Day Conference on Environment 2025 Concludes with Focus on Forest Conservation and Policy Advancements

The Event Highlights Crucial Role of Judicial Bodies, Government Agencies, and Experts in Shaping India’s Environmental Future

Posted On: 30 MAR 2025 6:51PM by PIB Delhi

The Hon’ble Vice President of India, Shri Jagdeep Dhankhar, chaired the valedictory session of the National Green Tribunal’s two-day conference on Environment 2025 today at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi. The session was graced by distinguished dignitaries, including Hon’ble Justice P. S. Narsimha, Judge of the Supreme Court of India, Hon’ble Justice Prakash Shrivastava, Chairperson of NGT, Shri Tushar Mehta, Solicitor General of India, and Sh. Tanmay Kumar, Secretary, Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change.

Addressing the valedictory session, Hon'ble Vice President Shri Jagdeep Dhankhar pointed out that neither the planet is exclusive to us nor are we the owners of it. He emphasized that Developed nations must transcend political boundaries in environmental thinking and urged for a collective commitment to live in harmony with nature and protect the environment. (Detailed Press Release:

https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=2116844®=3&lang=1)

The second day's proceedings began with Technical Session III, focusing on "Forest and Biodiversity Conservation", chaired by Hon’ble Justice Anand Pathak, Judge, Madhya Pradesh High Court. Experts and policymakers deliberated on the impact of human intervention on forests and biodiversity, highlighting legal and policy frameworks necessary for conservation. Justice Anand Pathak of the Madhya Pradesh High Court stated that every citizen has a duty to promote the environment by planting right trees in the right places. He proposed a range of ideas such as transforming minor penalties into plantation initiatives, corporate climate responsibility, creating National Carbon Credit Bank and establishing Sovereign Funds for conserving biodiversity. It is a need of an hour to shift from human rights to planetary rights and nurturing the thought of environmental responsibility, he added.

The Technical Session IV, titled "Reflections and Key Takeaways", provided a comprehensive review of the discussions held in technical sessions over the two days. Chaired by Hon’ble Justice P. S. Narsimha, Judge, Supreme Court of India, and co-chaired by Hon’ble Justice Arun Kumar Tyagi, Judicial Member, NGT, the session summarized key environmental concerns and proposed a roadmap for legal and policy advancements. Hon'ble Justice P.S. Narsimha emphasized upon the effective execution and implementation of policies. Focusing upon the institutional integrity, he proposed to strengthen and empower the regulatory bodies to function effectively at the grassroots level.

The event was also marked by the felicitation of universities and students for their outstanding contributions towards environmental conservation and sustainable practices. This initiative was aimed at motivating young minds to continue their efforts in ensuring a cleaner and greener future.

A key moment of the session was the release of the NGT Souvenir book titled ‘Voice of Nature’, which highlights the history, activities, and achievements of NGT.

The NGT e-Journal, comprising notable NGT cases, was also launched by the Hon’ble Vice President.

Over the course of two days, the National Conference on Environment – 2025 served as a significant step towards fostering collaboration between judicial bodies, government agencies, and environmental experts. The resolutions and discussions will play a crucial role in shaping India’s environmental governance framework and will contribute to future national and international environmental initiatives.

****

‘Yoga for One Earth, One Health’ - Theme for IDY2025: PM in ‘Mann Ki Baat’

azadi ka amrit mahotsav

‘Yoga for One Earth, One Health’ - Theme for IDY2025: PM in ‘Mann Ki Baat’

It is a matter of pride for all of us that today the curiosity about our yoga and traditional medicine is rising, all over the world: Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi

Prime Minister appeals to everyone to include Yoga into their routine and take pride in the country’s traditional wisdom for overall well being

Posted On: 30 MAR 2025 7:04PM by PIB Delhi

In his latest Mann Ki Baat address, the Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi emphasized the importance of fitness in daily life and praised initiatives like the Fit India Carnival and International Yoga Day. While sharing India’s vision for a healthier world population, the PM mentioned, “The theme of Yoga Day 2025 has been kept as 'Yoga for One Earth One Health'. That is, we wish to make the whole world healthy through yoga.”

Notably, the Morarji Desai National Institute of Yoga (MDNIY), a premier institute under the Ministry of Ayush, Government of India, has been entrusted with the responsibility of organising activities to mark the International Day of Yoga (IDY) this year on a grand scale. The institute recently unveiled the 100-day countdown to IDY2025 during the Yogamahotsav event held at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi on 13 March, 2025.

During the 120th episode of the popular radio program, the Prime Minister said, “Today along with fitness, the count also plays a big role. Count the number of steps taken in a day, count the number of calories eaten in a day, count the number of calories burnt… amidst all these counts, another countdown is about to begin. The countdown to the International Yoga Day. Now less than 100 days are left for Yoga Day. If you have not yet included yoga in your life, do it now… it is not too late yet. The first International Yoga Day was celebrated 10 years ago on the 21st of June, 2015. Now this day has taken the shape of a grand festival of yoga. This is such a priceless gift from India to humanity, which is going to be very useful for future generations.”

As the world gears up for International Yoga Day (IDY) 2025, the theme “Yoga for One Earth One Health” takes center stage and a wide range of activities revolving around it is being held. The 2025 theme highlights yoga’s role in promoting physical, mental, and environmental well-being, aligning with global calls for sustainability and unity. It builds on a decade of success since the United Nations recognized June 21 as International Day of Yoga, following India’s proposal in 2014.

During the Mann Ki Baat programme, the Prime Minister also stated, “It is a matter of pride for all of us that today the curiosity about our yoga and traditional medicine is rising, all over the world. A large number of youths are adopting yoga and Ayurveda as an excellent medium for wellness. For example, there is a South American country, Chile. Ayurveda is rapidly becoming popular there. Last year, during my visit to Brazil, I met the President of Chile. We had a lot of discussions about the popularity of Ayurveda.

While acknowledging the fast growing popularity of Ayush systems across the globe and the contribution of key stakeholders in this, the PM said, “I have come to know about a team named ‘Somos India’. In Spanish, it means – ‘We are India’. This team has been promoting yoga and Ayurveda for almost a decade. Their focus is on treatment as well as educational programs. They are also getting information related to yoga and Ayurveda translated into the Spanish language. If we talk about last year alone, about 9 thousand people participated in their myriad events and courses. I congratulate all the people associated with this team for their efforts.”

Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi also appealed to everyone to include Yoga into their routine and take pride in the country’s traditional wisdom for overall well being.

10 unique signature events to guide events to International Day of Yoga 2025

This year IDY activities will revolve around 10 unique signature events to mark the 11th edition of the global event, which makes it the most expansive and inclusive:

● Yoga Sangama – A synchronised Yoga demonstration at 10,000 locations, aiming for a world record.

● Yoga Bandhan – Global partnerships with 10 countries to host Yoga sessions at iconic landmarks.

● Yoga Parks– Development of 1,000 Yoga Parks for long-term community engagement.

● Yoga Samavesh – Special Yoga programs for Divyangjan, senior citizens, children, and marginalised groups.

● Yoga Prabhava – A decadal impact assessment on Yoga’s role in public health.

● Yoga Connect – A Virtual Global Yoga Summit featuring renowned Yoga experts and healthcare professionals.

● Harit Yoga – A sustainability-driven initiative combining Yoga with tree planting and clean-up drives.

● Yoga Unplugged- An event to attract young people to Yoga

● Yoga Maha Kumbh – A week-long festival across 10 locations, culminating in a central celebration led by the Hon’ble Prime Minister.

● Samyogam – A 100-day initiative integrating Yoga with modern healthcare for holistic wellness.

Annexure

The International Day of Yoga (IDY) has become a global wellness movement, uniting millions across countries. Here’s a brief look at its key milestones:

● IDY 2015 – New Delhi: The first IDY at Rajpath saw 35,985 participants, setting two Guinness World Records.

● IDY 2016 – Chandigarh: 30,000+ participants gathered at Capitol Complex, including 150 Divyangjan performing Yoga Protocol for the first time. The Prime Minister emphasised Yoga’s role in treating ailments like diabetes.

● IDY 2017 – Lucknow: 51,000 participants joined at Ramabai Ambedkar Maidan, with Yoga highlighted as affordable ‘health insurance’.

● IDY 2018 – Dehradun: 50,000+ participants at Forest Research Institute, with the theme "Yoga for Public Health". ISRO launched BHUVAN-YOGA and Yoga Locator apps.

● IDY 2019 – Ranchi: Focused on ‘Yoga for Heart Care’, with eco-friendly Yoga accessories benefiting Khadi artisans.

● IDY 2020 – Virtual: Amid the pandemic, 12.06 crore people joined online. The "My Life, My Yoga" contest attracted entries from 130 countries.

● IDY 2021 – Virtual: Themed “Yoga for Wellness”, reaching 496.1 million people globally. Iconic celebrations occurred at Times Square, the Eiffel Tower, and Tokyo Skytree.

● IDY 2022 – Mysuru: 15,000 participants at Mysore Palace, with a ‘Guardian Ring’ global Yoga relay and VR-powered digital exhibition.

● IDY 2023 – Jabalpur & UN HQ, New York: With 23.44 crore participants, this IDY set two Guinness World Records, including the most significant Yoga session (1.53 lakh participants in Surat). The ‘Ocean Ring of Yoga’ covered 35,000 km.

● IDY 2024 – Srinagar: Held at SKICC, Srinagar, with 7,000 participants braving the rain. The ‘Yoga for Space’ initiative saw ISRO scientists join in. A Guinness World Record was set in Uttar Pradesh, with 25.93 lakh people pledging to Yoga. 24.53 crore global participants marked this as a historic celebration.

****

HSE Abbreviations - Safety Moments

 HSE Abbreviations - Safety Moments !!!☝️⚡💥

LEARN, REVIEW & REFRESH!!! ⛑

SAFETY & HEALTH FIRST!!! 👷‍♀️👷‍♂️

Courtesy credit to the Photo/Video Owner !!!🥇

Safety First !!! 💯

Important Abbreviations in HSE Field

.............................

ALARP – As Low As Reasonably Practicable

ASSE – American Society of Safety Engineers

BBS – Behavioural Based Safety

COP – Code of Practice

CBT – Competency Based Training

CIAED – Course In Automated External Defibrillation

DGHS – Dangerous Goods and Hazardous Substances

DIFR – Disabling Injury Frequency Rate

DoL – Department of Labour NZ

EHSR – Elected Health and Safety Representative

ELCB – Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker

EMP – Emergency Management Plan

ERT – Emergency Response Team

FAI – First Aid Incident

FIFR – Fatal Injury Frequency Rate

HAZOP – Hazard and Operability

HFA – Hazard Factor Assessment

HIRA – Hazard Identification Risk Assessment

HSE – Health & Safety Executive UK

HSR – Health and Safety Representative

HSSE – Health, Safety, Security & Environment

ISHR – Industry Safety & Health Representative

JSA – Job Safety Analysis (risk assessment before starting work)

JSEA – as for JSA but includes Environmental risks

L2RA – Level Two Risk Assessment

LOTO – lock out tag out

LTFR – Lost Time Frequency Rate

LTI – Lost Time Injury

MSDS – Material Safety Data Sheet

MTI – Medically Treated Incident

NLTPHRW – National Licence To Perform High Risk Work

NMI – Near Miss Incident

NSCA – National Safety Council of Australia

NSFW – Not Safe For Work

OFA – Occupational First Aid

OHS – Occupational Health and Safety

OHSC– Occupational Health and Safety Committee

OSHA – Occupational Safety & Health Administration

OHSMS – Occupational Health and Safety Management System

PCBU – Person conducting a business or undertaking

PHP – Personal Hearing Protection

POCL – Pre Operation Check List

PPE – Personal Protective Equipment

PTW – Permit to Work

RA – Risk Assessment

RACE – Rescue, Activate alarm, Confine the fire, Evacuate/Extinguish

RCA – Root Cause Analysis

RCD – Residual Current Device

SFA – Senior First Aid

SHE – Safety Health and Environment

SHIT – Special High Intensity Training

SHMP – Safety & Health Management Plan (action plan to implement the SHMS)

SHMS – Safety & Health Management System

SIA – Safety Institute of Australia

SIFR – Serious Injury Frequency Rate

SINA – Safety Is No Accident

SIT – Safety Improvement Team

SMP – Safety management Plan

SOP – Standard Operating Procedure

SSOP Safe Standard Operating Procedure

SSHR – Site Safety & Health Representative

SWI – Safe (or Standard) Work Instruction – short summary of the SOP - Standard Operating Procedures

SWL – Safe Working Load

SWMS – safe work method statement

SWP – Safe Work Procedures, Safe Work Platform

TRI – Total Recordable Injuries

VRDs – Voltage Reduction Devices

W@H – Work at Heights

WAH – Work at Heights

WHS – Workplace Health and Safety

WHSO – Workplace Health and Safety Officer

WICS – Work In Confined Space

SAFETY FIRST !!! 🥇

Sand gravity filtration It's highly effective for removing turbidity, with well-operated filters reducing it to less than 1 NTU (often < 0.1 NTU).

 Sand gravity filtration, a common water treatment method, effectively removes turbidity and suspended solids by using gravity to draw water through a bed of sand and gravel. It's highly effective for removing turbidity, with well-operated filters reducing it to less than 1 NTU (often < 0.1 NTU). 

Here's a more detailed look at sand gravity filtration:

Mechanism:

Relatively large suspended particles are mechanically strained as they pass through the sand and gravel bed. 

Smaller particles adhere to the surface of the sand grains due to the van der Waals forces (physical adsorption). 

Chemical filter aids (coagulants or flocculants) can be added to promote additional adhesion. 

Types:

Rapid Gravity Filters: These are commonly used in municipal drinking water facilities as part of a multi-stage treatment system. 

Slow Sand Filters: These are another type of sand filter that can produce high-quality water with pathogen removal, but require a larger footprint and slower filtration rates. 

Performance:

Turbidity Removal: Rapid sand filters are highly effective at removing turbidity, with well-operated filters reducing it to less than 1 NTU (often < 0.1 NTU). 

Other Contaminants: While effective for turbidity, rapid sand filters are less effective at removing other contaminants. 

Filtration Rates: Filtration rates can vary in the range of 5–10 m3/h.m2. 

Operation:

Pre-treatment: Rapid sand filters often require pre-treatment (coagulation-flocculation) to prepare the water for filtration. 

Post-treatment: Disinfection (e.g., with chlorine) is usually required after filtration to ensure safe drinking water. 

Backwashing: Regular backwashing is necessary to remove accumulated solids and maintain filter performance. 

Advantages:

Cost-effective and space-saving. 

Simple operation. 

Effective for removing turbidity. 

Disadvantages:

Require pre-treatment and post-treatment. 

Can be complex and expensive to operate and maintain. 

Not suitable for small communities or developing nations due to complexity and cost. 

Gravity Filtration: Water flows from the top of the filter bed, through layers of sand and gravel, and out the bottom, with the filter media trapping particles as it passes.

 In water pretreatment, a sand gravity filter, also known as a rapid gravity filter, uses gravity to draw water through a bed of sand and gravel, removing suspended solids, turbidity, and some microorganisms, and is commonly used in municipal drinking water facilities. 

Here's a more detailed explanation:

How it works:

Gravity Filtration:

Water flows from the top of the filter bed, through layers of sand and gravel, and out the bottom, with the filter media trapping particles as it passes. 

Filter Media:

The sand bed is typically made of coarse sand and other granular media. 

Underdrain System:

A system of perforated pipes at the bottom collects the filtered water and distributes backwash water during cleaning. 

Backwashing:

As the filter clogs with trapped solids, it requires backwashing, where water flows upwards through the filter, dislodging the solids and allowing them to be flushed away. 

IT IS OUR MORAL RESPONSIBILITY TO PROVIDE A LEGACY OF A CLEAN ENVIRONMENT TO THE COMING GENERATIONS: PRESIDENT DROUPADI MURMU

President's Secretariat

azadi ka amrit mahotsav

PRESIDENT OF INDIA INAUGURATES NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ‘ENVIRONMENT – 2025’

IT IS OUR MORAL RESPONSIBILITY TO PROVIDE A LEGACY OF A CLEAN ENVIRONMENT TO THE COMING GENERATIONS: PRESIDENT DROUPADI MURMU

Posted On: 29 MAR 2025 1:07PM by PIB Delhi

The President of India, Smt Droupadi Murmu inaugurated a two-day National Conference on ‘Environment – 2025’ in New Delhi today (March 29, 2025).

Speaking on the occasion, the President said that all days related to the environment give the message that we should keep their objectives and programs in mind every day and make them a part of our daily life as far as possible. Environmental protection and promotion will be possible only through continuous activism based on awareness and everyone's participation.

The President said that our children and the younger generation have to face and contribute to environmental transition on a much wider scale. She highlighted that elders in every family worry about which school or college their children will study in, and what career they will choose. This worry is justified. But, we all also have to think about what kind of air our children will breathe, what kind of water they will get to drink, whether they will be able to hear the sweet sounds of birds or not, whether they will be able to experience the beauty of lush green forests or not. She said that these topics have economic, social, and scientific aspects, but the most important thing is that the challenges related to all these topics also have a moral aspect. It is our moral responsibility to provide a legacy of a clean environment to the coming generations. For this, we will have to adopt an environmentally conscious and sensitive lifestyle so that the environment is not only protected but also enhanced and the environment can become more vibrant. Balancing clean environment and modern development is both an opportunity and a challenge.

The President said that we believed that nature, like a mother, nourishes us, and we should respect and protect nature. The basis of the Indian heritage of development is nourishment, not exploitation; protection, not elimination. Following this tradition, we want to move forward toward a developed India. She was happy to note that over the last decade, India has achieved several examples of early completion of its Nationally Determined Contributions as per international agreements

The President said that the National Green Tribunal (NGT) has played an important role in the environmental governance of our country. It has played a decisive role in the field of environmental justice or climate justice. The historic decisions given by NGT have a wide impact on our lives, our health, and the future of our earth. She urged the institutions associated with the environment management eco-system and citizens to continuously strive for environmental protection and promotion.

 The President said that our country and the entire world community have to follow a path that is environment friendly. Only then will humanity make real progress. She stated that India has presented many exemplary examples to the world community through its green initiatives. She expressed confidence that with the participation of all stakeholders, India will play the role of green leadership at the global level. She said that we all have to make India a developed nation by the year 2047 where the air, water, greenery, and prosperity attract the entire world community.

 The National Conference on ‘Environment – 2025’, being organised by NGT, aims to bring together key stakeholders to discuss pressing environmental challenges, share best practices, and collaborate on future action plans for sustainable environmental management.

Bhoomi puja for Reliance biogas plant in Andhra set for April 2 The Rs 131 crore project is expected to generate around 10,000 direct and indirect job opportunities.

Andhra Pradesh

Bhoomi puja for Reliance biogas plant in Andhra set for April 2

The Rs 131 crore project is expected to generate around 10,000 direct and indirect job opportunities.

Express News Service

Updated:27th Mar, 2025 at 8:28 AM

ONGOLE: The foundation stone for the Reliance Integrated Compressed Bio-Gas Plant will be laid on April 2 in Divakara Palli village, Pedda Cherlo Palli mandal. The Rs 131 crore project is expected to generate around 10,000 direct and indirect job opportunities. State IT & HRD Minister Nara Lokesh and a representative from Reliance Group, possibly Mukesh Ambani, are likely to attend the event. Preparations for the Bhoomi Puja and public meeting are in full swing, with authorities levelling the ground, clearing vegetation, and setting up electricity supply lines. Kanigiri Ugra Narasimha Reddy is overseeing the arrangements to ensure completion by April 1.

The project is part of the State government’s push to attract investments in the clean energy sector. With CM Chandrababu Naidu’s efforts, Reliance has committed to investing in Andhra Pradesh’s pure fuels industry. Officials have identified 12,100 acres of government land in Kanigiri Assembly constituency for such projects, with each bio-gas plant requiring around 2,000 acres.

The plant will cultivate a special variety of grass to produce bio-gas, while additional affiliated industries will provide further employment. A large workforce, including JCBs, earthmovers, and tractors, has been deployed to expedite preparations. Revenue, Panchayat Raj, and Electricity Department staff are working round the clock. “We are making all arrangements, including clearing 500 acres of land and setting up power supply, to accommodate the large public turnout expected for the event,” said the MLA.

Release of publication “Energy Statistics India 2025”

Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation

azadi ka amrit mahotsav

Release of publication “Energy Statistics India 2025”

Posted On: 29 MAR 2025 9:49AM by PIB Delhi

The National Statistics Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation has released the annual publication “Energy Statistics India 2025”. The publication is available at the website of Ministry www.mospi.gov.in.

 The Publication comprises integrated dataset containing diverse key information about reserve, capacity, production, Consumption, and import/export of all the energy commodities (like Coal, Lignite, Petroleum, Natural Gas, Renewable Energy, etc.) of India. The publication also contains different tables (like Energy Balance), graphs (like Sankey Diagram), and Sustainable Energy Indicators as per International Standards.

The current publication contains a new chapter on Energy Account following the System of Environmental Economic Accounting (SEEA), 2012 framework. The chapter provides Asset Accounts and Physical Supply and Use Table for the FY 2022-23 and FY 2023-24.

Key Highlights:

During the Financial Year 2023-24, India has experienced a steady and healthy growth in both, energy supply and consumption by overcoming the shock of global Pandemic to fulfil the dream of becoming a Viksit Bharat by 2047.  

The Indian economy has depicted a healthy expansion during the FY 2023-24, with the Total Primary Energy Supply (TPES) registering a growth of 7.8% over the past year and stood at 9,03,158 KToE(Kilo Tonnes of oil Equivalent).

India has a huge potential for generation of renewable energy which stands at 21,09,655 Megawatt as on 31-Mar-24. The potential of generating energy from Wind Power is having the dominating share of 11,63,856 Megawatt (around 55%) which is followed by Solar Energy (7,48,990 Megawatt) and Large Hydro (1,33,410). More than half of the potential for generation of renewable energy has been concentrated within the four States of India viz. Rajasthan (20.3%), Maharashtra (11.8%), Gujarat (10.5%) and Karnataka (9.8%).

The installed-capacity for generating electricity (including Utility and Non-Utility) from the Renewable resources has also experienced a significant growth over the past years. From 81,593 Mega Watt as on 31-Mar-2015, it has risen to 1,98,213 Mega Watt as on 31-Mar-2024, which is a CAGR of 10.36% over the years.

The gross generation of electricity from the Renewable resources (both Utility and Non-Utility together) has also increased significantly over the years. From an amount of 2,05,608 GWH of electricity generated during FY 2014-15, it has increased to 3,70,320 GWH during FY 2023-24, which is a CAGR of 6.76% over the years.

India has also experienced a substantial growth in the per-capita consumption of energy over the years. It has gone up from 14,682 Mega Joule/person during FY 2014-15 to 18,410 Mega Joule/person during FY 2023-24 which is a CAGR of 2.55% over the years.

The utilization of the electricity has been significantly improved over the years by reducing the losses incurred due to transmission and distribution. Percentage loss due to Transmission and Distribution which was around 23% during FY 2014-15 has gone down to around 17% during FY 2023-24.

Among all the major end-use energy- consuming sectors, the Industry sector, has witnessed maximum expansion during FY 2023-24. The consumption against Industry sector has increased from 2,42,418 KToE during FY 2014-15 to 3,11,822 KToE during FY 2023-24. All other sectors like Commercial and Public service, Residential, Agriculture and Forestry have also registered a consistent growth over the periods.

 

The National Green Hydrogen Mission aims

 The National Green Hydrogen Mission aims to make India a global hub for green hydrogen production, usage, and export, with a target of 5 million tonnes per annum by 2030, supported by a ₹19,744 crore outlay. 

Here's a more detailed breakdown:

Objectives and Goals:

Become a Global Leader:

The mission aims to position India as a leading producer and supplier of green hydrogen globally. 

Decarbonization:

It seeks to significantly reduce CO2 emissions across industrial, mobility, and energy sectors. 

Energy Security:

The mission aims to reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels and feedstock. 

Economic Growth:

It aims to create jobs, attract investments, and foster indigenous manufacturing capabilities in the green hydrogen sector. 

Technological Advancement:

The mission supports research and development in green hydrogen technologies, including electrolyzers and fuel cells. 

Key Components and Initiatives:

Strategic Interventions for Green Hydrogen Transition (SIGHT) Programme:

This program provides financial incentives for manufacturing electrolysers and producing green hydrogen.

Pilot Projects:

The mission supports pilot projects in various sectors, including steel, mobility, shipping, and decentralized energy applications.

Green Hydrogen Hubs:

Regions capable of supporting large-scale hydrogen production and utilization will be identified and developed as Green Hydrogen Hubs.

Infrastructure Development:

The mission supports the development of infrastructure for hydrogen production, storage, and distribution.

Regulations and Standards:

A robust framework of regulations and standards will be established to support the green hydrogen ecosystem.

Research and Development (R&D):

A public-private partnership framework (Strategic Hydrogen Innovation Partnership – SHIP) will be facilitated to support R&D projects.

Skill Development:

A coordinated skill development program will be undertaken to build a skilled workforce for the green hydrogen sector. 

Expected Outcomes:

Reduced Carbon Emissions:

The mission is expected to lead to significant reductions in CO2 emissions, contributing to India's climate goals.

Increased Energy Security:

By reducing reliance on fossil fuels, the mission will enhance India's energy security.

Economic Growth and Job Creation:

The mission is expected to create numerous job opportunities and stimulate economic growth.

Technological Leadership:

India is poised to become a leader in green hydrogen technology and manufacturing. 

Environmental challenges

 Establishing green hydrogen and green ammonia plants in India presents several critical environmental issues, including water scarcity, land availability, and the potential for increased energy consumption, especially if relying on traditional energy sources, and the need for robust infrastructure for production and distribution. 

Here's a more detailed breakdown of the key environmental challenges:

1. Water Scarcity and Management:

High Water Demand:

Green hydrogen production, through electrolysis, requires significant amounts of water, which can exacerbate existing water stress in many Indian regions, especially those already facing water scarcity.

Uncommitted Water:

Green hydrogen production needs access to "uncommitted water," meaning water beyond what's already used for agriculture, industry, and domestic purposes.

Desalination and Energy Costs:

To address water scarcity, desalination might be considered, but this technology requires substantial energy and infrastructure investments, potentially offsetting some of the environmental benefits of green hydrogen. 

2. Land Availability and Use:

Land Conflicts:

The establishment of large-scale green hydrogen and ammonia plants requires considerable land, which can lead to conflicts with existing land uses, especially in densely populated areas. 

Land Prices:

The cost of land and its availability directly influence the overall cost of green hydrogen and ammonia production. 

Seismic Activity and Cyclonic Risks:

Specific site selection needs to consider factors like corrosive soil, seismic activity, and cyclonic risks. 

3. Energy Consumption and Renewable Integration:

High Energy Demand:

The production of green hydrogen and ammonia, especially the Haber-Bosch process for ammonia synthesis, requires significant energy input, which can be a challenge if relying on fossil fuel-based electricity.

Renewable Energy Integration:

To ensure the sustainability of green hydrogen and ammonia, the plants need to be powered by renewable sources like solar and wind energy.

Energy Storage:

Integrating renewable energy sources requires robust energy storage solutions to address the intermittency of these sources. 

4. Infrastructure and Logistics:

Transportation:

The transportation of green hydrogen and ammonia, whether as a gas or liquid, requires specialized infrastructure, which can be costly and logistically challenging.

Storage:

Storing green hydrogen and ammonia also requires specific infrastructure, which can be another significant cost.

Co-location:

Co-locating green hydrogen and ammonia plants can reduce transportation costs and enhance efficiency. 

5. Emission Control and Green Ammonia Production:

Green Ammonia Benefits:

Green ammonia, derived from green hydrogen, offers a potential solution for decarbonizing the fertilizer industry and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. 

Haber-Bosch Process Challenges:

The Haber-Bosch process, used to produce ammonia, is energy-intensive and requires high temperatures and pressures, which can be challenging to optimize when using renewable energy. 

Catalyst Technology:

Improving catalyst technology and process optimization can enhance the efficiency of the Haber-Bosch process and reduce energy consumption. 

Hydrogen Emissions:

Hydrogen itself can participate in atmospheric chemical reactions, potentially altering atmospheric levels and influencing the lifespans and concentrations of other climate-affecting gases, thereby categorizing hydrogen as an indirect greenhouse gas. 

Hon’ble President of India, Smt. Droupadi Murmu to Inaugurate NGT’s National Conference on Environment – 2025 in New Delhi Tomorrow

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

azadi ka amrit mahotsav

Hon’ble President of India, Smt. Droupadi Murmu to Inaugurate NGT’s National Conference on Environment – 2025 in New Delhi Tomorrow

Conference to host Four Key Technical Sessions to Address Critical Environmental Issues

Hon'ble Vice President, Shri Jagdeep Dhankhar will preside over the Valedictory Session of National Conference on Environment – 2025

Posted On: 28 MAR 2025 5:23PM by PIB Delhi

The National Green Tribunal (NGT) will be organizing two-day National Conference on ‘Environment – 2025’ on 29th and 30th March 2025 at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi. This conference will be inaugurated by the Hon'ble President of India, Smt. Droupadi Murmu. The inaugural ceremony will also feature the presence of Shri Bhupender Yadav, Union Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Hon'ble Justice Vikram Nath, Judge, Supreme Court of India, Shri R. Venkataramani, Attorney General of India, and Shri Justice Prakash Shrivastava, Chairperson of NGT.

This event will serve as a crucial platform to bring together key stakeholders to discuss pressing environmental challenges, share best practices, and collaborate on future action plans for sustainable environmental management. The two-day event aims to bridge existing gaps in policy enforcement and raise awareness about the importance of environmental preservation.

The conference will feature four technical sessions focused on core environmental issues:

Air Quality Monitoring & Management: Chaired by Hon’ble Justice Joymalya Bagchi, Judge, Supreme Court of India.

Water Quality Management & River Rejuvenation: Chaired by Hon’ble Justice Pratibha M. Singh, Judge, Delhi High Court.

Forest and Biodiversity Conservation: Chaired by Hon’ble Justice Anand Pathak, Judge, Madhya Pradesh High Court.

Reflections and Key Takeaways: Chaired by Hon’ble Justice P. S. Narsimha, Judge, Supreme Court of India.

The conference will see the participation of Supreme Court and High Court Judges, District Court Judges, Secretaries from various Ministries, and senior government officials, contributing to a multi-disciplinary approach to addressing environmental challenges.

The Valedictory Session scheduled for 30th March 2025 will be graced by the Hon’ble Vice President of India, Shri Jagdeep Dhankhar, as the Chief Guest. The session will also feature addresses by Hon’ble Justice P. S. Narsimha, Hon’ble Justice Prakash Shrivastava, and Shri Tushar Mehta, Solicitor General of India.

A key highlight of the conference will be the “Environment – Students’ Perspective” exhibition, showcasing initiatives and innovative environmental ideas from universities. The NGT will also honour universities for their outstanding contributions to environmental sustainability and education. Additionally, universities will have the opportunity to display their comprehensive environmental reports, highlighting their efforts in promoting sustainable development.

On the occasion, the NGT will release its e-Journal, which includes significant judgments, as well as a Souvenir Book titled ‘Voice of Nature’, which will be inaugurated by the Hon'ble Vice President of India during the Valedictory Session.

This conference marks a vital step towards fostering collaboration, raising awareness, and advancing the collective mission of environmental protection and sustainability.

**

Final Budget allocation for the Department of Fertilizers has increased to Rs. 1,91,836.29 crore

Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers

azadi ka amrit mahotsav

Final Budget allocation for the Department of Fertilizers has increased to Rs. 1,91,836.29 crore

The movement of all major subsidized fertilizers is monitored throughout the country by an on-line web based monitoring system called integrated Fertilizer Monitoring System (iFMS)

To ensure smooth availability of DAP at affordable prices to farmers, the Government has provided special packages on DAP over and above the NBS subsidy rates on need basis

Posted On: 28 MAR 2025 5:00PM by PIB Delhi

The Budget estimation of the Department of Fertilizers is made on the basis of likely consumption of fertilizers in the country, price of natural gas which is the major input cost in the fertilizer production and international prices of the finished fertilizer products may vary from one year to another. As against the Budget allocation of Rs. 1,68,130.81 crore in Budget Estimate (BE) 2024-25, the final allocation has increased to Rs. 1,91,836.29 crore through Supplementary Demands for Grants passed by the Parliament.  

Similarly, in the NBS scheme, against the Budget Allocation of Rs. 45,000 crores in BE (2024-25), the final allocation has increased to Rs. 54310 crores through Supplementary Demands for Grants passed by the Parliament. Therefore, there has been no reduction in funds for NBS.

In Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana, extended till 2025-26, the overall outlay of Rs. 93,068.56 crores have been approved by the Government for the period 2021-22 to 2025-26.

To ensure timely and adequate supply of fertilizers in the country, before the commencement of each cropping season, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (DA&FW), in consultation with all the State Governments, assesses the state-wise & month-wise requirement of fertilizers. On the basis of requirement projected, Department of Fertilizers allocates sufficient/ adequate quantities of fertilizers to States by issuing monthly supply plan and continuously monitors the availability. The movement of all major subsidized fertilizers is monitored throughout the country by an on-line web based monitoring system called integrated Fertilizer Monitoring System (iFMS). Regular Weekly Video Conference is conducted jointly by DA&FW and D/o Fertilizers with State Agriculture Officials and corrective actions are taken to dispatch fertilizers as indicated by the State Governments. The gap between demand (requirement) and production of fertilizers is met through imports. The import for the season is also finalized well in advance to ensure timely availability.

Urea, is provided to the farmers at a statutorily notified Maximum Retail Price (MRP). The MRP of 45 kg bag of urea is Rs.242 per bag (exclusive of charges towards neem coating and taxes as applicable) and the MRP has remained unchanged since 01.03.2018 to till date. The difference between the delivered cost of urea at farm gate and net market realization by the urea units is given as a subsidy to the urea manufacturer/importer by the Government of India. Accordingly, all farmers are being supplied urea at subsidized rates.

For Phosphatic & Potassic (P&K) fertilizers, the Government has implemented Nutrient Based Subsidy (NBS) scheme w.e.f. 01.04.2010. Under the NBS scheme, a fixed amount of subsidy, decided on an annual/bi-annual basis, is provided on subsidized P&K fertilizers depending on their nutrient content including Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP). Under NBS scheme, The P&K sector is decontrolled, fertilizer companies are allowed to fix MRP at reasonable levels which is monitored by the Government.. The fertilizer companies manufacture/import fertilizers as per the market dynamics.

Further, in order to ensure smooth availability of DAP at affordable prices to farmers, the Government has provided special packages on DAP over and above the NBS subsidy rates on need basis. Recently, in 2024-25, due to geo-political situation, adversely affecting the viability of procurement of DAP by the fertilizer companies, the Government has approved One-time special package on DAP beyond the NBS rates on actual PoS (Point of Sale) sale of DAP for the period from 01.04.2024 till 31.12.2024 @ ₹ 3500 per MT which has now been extended till 31.03.2025 to ensure sustainable availability of DAP at affordable price to the farmers. Further, the guidelines on evaluation of reasonableness of MRPs fixed by the P&K Fertilizer companies also ensure availability of fertilizers at affordable prices to farmers across the country.

In addition, the Department of Fertilizers consistently engages in discussions with resource rich countries for enhancing the supply of fertilizers/raw materials/intermediates from these countries to India at competitive prices, to ensure their availability in the country at affordable prices. Additionally, the Department of Fertilizers facilitates signing of Agreements or Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between Indian fertilizer companies and resource rich foreign fertilizer companies for consistent and reliable supply of fertilizers/raw material/intermediates to India.

This information was given by the Union Minister of State for Chemicals and Fertilizers Smt Anupriya Patel in Lok Sabha in written reply to a question today.

**

INOX Air Products Launches First Green Hydrogen Plant in India

 INOX Air Products Launches First Green Hydrogen Plant in India

By By Rediff Money Desk, New Delhi

Mar 28, 2025 18:55

INOX Air Products commissions its first green hydrogen plant at Asahi India Glass Limited's facility, marking India's first use of green hydrogen in float glass manufacturing. The plant, powered by solar energy, will generate up to 190 tons of green hydrogen per annum 

New Delhi, Mar 28 (PTI) INOX Air Products, India's largest manufacturer of industrial, electronic and medical gases, on Friday announced commissioning of its first green hydrogen manufacturing plant at Asahi India Glass Limited's (AIS) greenfield float glass facility at Soniyana in Chittorgarh, Rajasthan.

AIS, India's leading glass manufacturer, has entered into a 20-year off-take agreement with INOX for the supply of green hydrogen to this facility.

"The plant, powered by solar energy, will have a capacity to generate up to 190 tons of green hydrogen per annum through the electrolysis process," INOX said in a statement.

"This will be India's first instance of use of green hydrogen in the float glass manufacturing process, paving the way for sustainable glass production."

INOX Air Products is responsible for the design, engineering, installation, operations and a continuous supply of green hydrogen to the AIS facility for a period of 20 years.

In the first phase, 95 tonnes per annum of green hydrogen will be supplied to AIS.

As a part of the agreement, AIS has invested in the solar power plant, which supplies renewable energy for the generation of green hydrogen, which would be further consumed in AIS' float glass manufacturing process.

Commenting on the commissioning, Siddharth Jain, Managing Director, INOX Air Products, said, "Our green hydrogen supplies would substantially reduce CO2 emissions at AIS facility to the tune of 1250 tonnes per annum".

Green hydrogen, he said, will play a pivotal role in India's energy transition towards decarbonisation.

Speaking on the occasion, Rupinder Shelly, COO-Architectural Glass, Asahi India Glass Ltd said, "With the commissioning of INOXAP's green hydrogen plant at our facility, our commitment to sustainability has got stronger. With an objective of fulfilling 94 per cent of our power requirements through green and sustainable energy sources at our Soniyana facility, we will continue to invest and build our capabilities on sustainability, circularity, and de-carbonization".

AIS has commissioned a greenfield project in Chittorgarh, Rajasthan, for manufacturing high-quality float glass to be used for automotive and architectural purposes with technology collaboration from its partners - AGC Europe.

The agreement with INOX Air Products for setting up a green hydrogen plant for this project.

Under PM-PRANAM, 14 states have shown a reduction of 15.14 LMT in consumption of chemical fertilizers during FY 2023-24 as compared to the average consumption of previous 3 financial years

Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers

azadi ka amrit mahotsav

PM Programme for Restoration, Awareness Generation, Nourishment, and Amelioration of Mother-Earth (PM-PRANAM) aims to preserve the health of Mother Earth through the promotion of sustainable & balanced fertilizer use, adoption of alternative fertilizers and promotion of organic farming

Under PM-PRANAM, 14 states have shown a reduction of 15.14 LMT in consumption of chemical fertilizers during FY 2023-24 as compared to the average consumption of previous 3 financial years

Posted On: 28 MAR 2025 4:58PM by PIB Delhi

The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA), on June 28, 2023, approved the “PM Programme for Restoration, Awareness Generation, Nourishment, and Amelioration of Mother-Earth (PM-PRANAM).”

This initiative aims to support the mass movement initiated by States and Union Territories (UTs) to preserve the health of Mother Earth through the promotion of sustainable and balanced fertilizer use, adoption of alternative fertilizers, promotion of organic farming, and implementation of resource conservation technologies. All States/UTs are covered under the PM-PRANAM scheme. Under the PM-PRANAM scheme, there is a provision to provide incentives to States/UTs for reduction of consumption of chemical fertilizers (Urea, DAP, NPK, MOP) in a given financial year, compared to the average consumption over the previous three years, equivalent to 50% of the fertilizer subsidy saved. Under PM-PRANAM, 14 states have shown a reduction of 15.14 LMT in consumption of chemical fertilizers during FY 2023-24 as compared to the average consumption of previous 3 financial years. However, Rajasthan has not achieved any reduction on consumption of chemical fertilizers.

This information was given by the Union Minister of State for Chemicals and Fertilizers Smt Anupriya Patel in Lok Sabha in written reply to a question today.

India, aiming to become a global hub for green molecules, is focusing on green hydrogen and ammonia production

 India, aiming to become a global hub for green molecules, is focusing on green hydrogen and ammonia production, with partnerships like the one between AM Green and DP World, aiming to establish a sustainable supply chain for these fuels and chemicals. 

Here's a more detailed breakdown:

Key Players and Initiatives:

AM Green:

A company focused on green hydrogen and ammonia production, aiming to produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), green ammonia, green hydrogen, chemicals, and biofuels. 

DP World:

A global logistics company partnering with AM Green to build a sustainable supply chain for green fuels and chemicals. 

Memorandum of Understanding (MoU):

AM Green and DP World signed an MoU in December 2024 to develop logistics and storage infrastructure for the global export of green ammonia and methanol. 

Green Industrial Cluster:

A key project includes a green industrial cluster in Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, featuring facilities for green ammonia production, electrolyzer manufacturing, and sustainable utility services. 

Target Production Capacity:

AM Green aims to reach 5 million tonnes per annum (MTPA) of green ammonia production capacity by 2030. 

Kakinada Plant:

AM Green has already taken a final investment decision for a 1 MTPA Green Ammonia plant in Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh. 

Benefits and Goals:

Global Decarbonization:

The partnership aims to enhance global decarbonization efforts by enabling seamless exports of green fuels and chemicals to key consumption markets. 

Sustainable Supply Chain:

The collaboration focuses on creating a sustainable supply chain for green fuels and chemicals, including developing port infrastructure and bunkering infrastructure. 

Green Energy Exporter:

India aims to become a green energy exporter, and this partnership will help facilitate the global movement of green molecules. 

Low-Carbon Economy:

The initiative aims to play a pivotal role in enabling a low-carbon economy and advancing global sustainability goals. 

Green Hydrogen and Green Ammonia:

India is focusing on developing green hydrogen and green ammonia production capacity, with a target of 5 MMT (Million Metric Tonne) per annum by 2030. 

Renewable energy sector in 2025 and beyond Governments worldwide are enacting policies that encourage investment in green technologies.

Renewable energy sector in 2025 and beyond

Governments worldwide are enacting policies that encourage investment in green technologies. As businesses recognise the long-term benefits of transitioning to renewable sources, private capital is increasingly flowing into innovative projects that promise sustainable returns.

March 27, 2025 Ankush Malik, COO, Juniper Green Energy

In the landscape of 2025, the renewable energy sector is experiencing a dynamic interplay of factors such as advanced technologies, progressive policies, and rushing global demand for cleaner, sustainable energy sources, more rapidly spreading with climate action and sustainability goals. India has aspired to smoothly transition into a renewable-energy-based future with the installation of 500 GW of renewable energy by 2030 and development of up to 1 TW by 2035. The transition away from fossil fuels will be vital to meet the increasingly steep energy demands of a fast-growing population, and thus 2025 will take a major leap towards green energy production. Let’s look at what all this means for renewables in 2025 and beyond.

The government has provided a clear and comprehensive roadmap to support the sustainable future of India with a directed focus on expanding solar energy capacity. Solar is likely to become the topmost renewable source, with consistent improvements in solar photovoltaic technology significantly reducing costs and improving efficiency over time. By the year 2025 end, solar energy by itself could very well provide for close to half of the rise in global electricity demand and will be reconstructing itself as the preeminent renewable source.

The International Energy Agency (IEA) predicts solar energy will be critical for expanding electricity generation capacity due to improvements in photovoltaic technology and lower costs. As solar energy becomes increasingly available to both households and businesses, this trend represents a transition towards greener energy solutions.

The rise of microgrids and peer-to-peer energy trading

India faces the challenge of ill-timed power outages, which is important to control to sustain critical operations such as hospitals and data centres. This problem can be tackled with the introduction of microgrids and decentralised energy systems. These distributed generation and distribution models harness local energy sources, improving energy resiliency and reducing dependence on centralized grids, especially in remote or fragile areas.

Another emerging trend is peer-to-peer energy trading, whereby homeowners with surplus solar energy would trade it directly with their neighbours through blockchain and smart contract technologies. In this way, the energy market is decentralising and making energy access equitable.

The critical role of energy storage

Energy storage is necessary for wide acceptance and use of renewable energy sources based on solar and wind power. Due to renewables’ intermittent nature and corresponding variable output with the changing weather conditions, reliable and efficient energy storage solutions become imperative for a reliable and consistent electricity supply to the grid.

The utmost R&D focus shall be on improving battery chemistry, optimizing energy density, and extending the lifespan of the batteries. This will contribute greatly to grid stability and pave the way for decentralized energy systems, such as residential solar panels combined with battery systems. This trend towards decentralized energy production makes consumers more independent and robust in their energy consumption.

Surge in private investments

There is a growing trend of private investment in the renewable energy sector, driven by both economic prospects and environmental concerns. Governments worldwide are enacting policies that encourage investment in green technologies. As businesses recognise the long-term benefits of transitioning to renewable sources, private capital is increasingly flowing into innovative projects that promise sustainable returns.

Opportunities ahead

There are numerous opportunities in the renewable energy market for companies and innovators. One notable development is the significant reduction in solar photovoltaic (PV) costs. Over the past decade, solar PV costs have fallen by approximately 90%, making solar energy one of the most cost-effective sources globally.

In India, this trend is reflected in the substantial decrease in utility-scale solar tariffs, which have fallen from INR 10.95/kWh in 2010 to as low as INR 2.5/kWh in 2023, highlighting the economic viability of solar projects.

This cost reduction has been accompanied by a surge in employment within the renewable energy sector. As of 2023, India’s renewable energy sector has created approximately 1.02 million jobs, highlighting the sector’s role in driving economic growth and sustainable livelihoods.

Projections indicate that achieving India’s solar and wind energy targets for 2030 could generate about 3.4 million new jobs, significantly contributing to the nation’s green economy. The global landscape mirrors this growth, with the wind energy capacity expected to double between 2024 and 2030, nearly tripling the expansion observed between 2017 and 2023.

At the given pace, by the end of 2025, the renewable energy industry will have redefined energy production, storage, and consumption in addition to satisfying energy demands. With solar power at the forefront, storage technology advancements, and an increase in collaborations, the way to a sustainable future is becoming more apparent. Now is the moment for industry stakeholders to take advantage of the opportunities and help create a more resilient and greener planet.

Green chlor alkali process

The "green chlor-alkali process" refers to chlor-alkali process (electrolysis of brine to produce chlorine and sodium hydroxide) using renewable energy sources to produce green hydrogen as a byproduct, significantly reducing its carbon footprint. 

Here's a more detailed explanation:

What is the Chlor-Alkali Process? 

The chlor-alkali process is an industrial process that uses electricity to electrolyze sodium chloride (brine) solutions. 

This process produces chlorine gas, sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), and hydrogen as a byproduct. 

These products are used in various industries, including chemicals, manufacturing, and water treatment. 

What is Green Hydrogen? 

Green hydrogen is hydrogen produced using renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, or hydro power. 

It is considered a low-carbon or zero-carbon fuel source, as its production doesn't involve fossil fuels. 

How is the Chlor-Alkali Process "Green"? 

By using renewable energy to power the chlor-alkali process, the hydrogen produced becomes "green hydrogen". 

This significantly reduces the carbon footprint of the process compared to traditional hydrogen production methods that rely on fossil fuels. 

The chlor-alkali sector already produces a significant amount of high-purity hydrogen as a byproduct, and harnessing this hydrogen as a green energy source is a key step towards sustainability. 

Benefits of Green Chlor-Alkali Process 

Reduced Carbon Footprint: Using renewable energy drastically lowers the carbon emissions associated with hydrogen production. 

Harnessing Byproduct: The chlor-alkali process already produces hydrogen as a byproduct, making it an efficient way to produce green hydrogen. 

Versatile Fuel Source: Green hydrogen can be used in various applications, including transportation, industrial processes, and energy storage. 

Challenges and Future Directions 

Infrastructure: The development of infrastructure for green hydrogen production, storage, and distribution is crucial. 

Market Development: Expanding the market for green hydrogen is essential to ensure its widespread adoption. 

Technological Advancements: Continued research and development in chlor-alkali technology and renewable energy sources will further improve efficiency and reduce costs. 

Renewable Natural Gas (RNG)

 Renewable Natural Gas (RNG), also known as biomethane, is produced by upgrading biogas (from sources like landfills and wastewater treatment) to remove contaminants and achieve natural gas purity levels, making it a sustainable fuel alternative. 

Here's a more detailed explanation of RNG processing:

1. Sources of Biogas:

Anaerobic Digestion:

Organic waste, such as from landfills, wastewater treatment plants, and livestock farms, undergoes anaerobic digestion (decomposition in the absence of oxygen) to produce biogas.

Other Sources:

Biogas can also be produced from lignocellulosic material (crop residues, woody biomass, and dedicated energy crops) via thermochemical conversions, co-digestion, and dry fermentation. 

2. Biogas Upgrading to RNG:

Purification:

The raw biogas, typically containing methane, carbon dioxide, and other gases, needs to be "upgraded" to remove contaminants and impurities. 

Methods:

Physical Methods: These include pressure swing adsorption (PSA), membrane separation, and cryogenic distillation. 

Chemical Methods: These involve using chemical scrubbers to remove carbon dioxide and other impurities. 

Purity:

The upgraded RNG typically reaches a purity level of 95% or higher, making it suitable for use in natural gas pipelines and as a substitute for conventional natural gas. 

3. Key Advantages of RNG:

Sustainability:

RNG is a renewable and low-carbon fuel source, contributing to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.

Waste Management:

RNG production can help address waste management challenges by repurposing organic waste into a valuable energy source.

Energy Security:

RNG can increase domestic energy production and reduce reliance on fossil fuels.

Economic Benefits:

RNG production can create new jobs and generate revenue for farmers and other stakeholders.

SAF is a type of biofuel, meaning it's produced from renewable sources like biomass, waste oils, and agricultural residues, rather than fossil fuels.

AM Green, a subsidiary of the Greenko Group, is collaborating with Honeywell to explore the feasibility of producing Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) in India, using ethanol, green methanol, and green hydrogen, aiming to reduce the country's oil dependence and support the aviation industry's decarbonization efforts. 

 Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) is a renewable jet fuel, produced from non-petroleum feedstocks, that can reduce carbon emissions by up to 80% compared to traditional fossil jet fuel, and is a key step towards a net-zero aviation industry. 

Here's a more detailed look at SAF:

What is it?

Definition:

SAF is a type of biofuel, meaning it's produced from renewable sources like biomass, waste oils, and agricultural residues, rather than fossil fuels. 

Alternative Names:

SAF is also known as biofuel, renewable aviation fuel, renewable jet fuel, alternative fuel, or biojet fuel. 

Chemical Similarity:

SAF is chemically similar to traditional jet fuel, allowing it to be blended with conventional jet fuel (up to 50%) without requiring changes to aircraft engines or fuel infrastructure. 

"Drop-in" Fuel:

Due to its chemical similarity, SAF is considered a "drop-in" fuel, meaning it can be used in existing aircraft and fuel systems without modifications. 

Production Pathways:

SAF can be produced through various pathways, including using waste oils and fats, municipal and agricultural waste, and even synthetically from captured carbon dioxide and renewable electricity. 

Benefits of SAF:

Reduced Emissions:

SAF can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions compared to traditional jet fuel, potentially by up to 80% over its lifecycle. 

Sustainability:

SAF is produced from sustainable feedstocks that don't compete with food crops or land use, making it a more sustainable option for aviation. 

Net-Zero Goal:

SAF is a critical step towards achieving the aviation industry's goal of net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. 

Challenges and Considerations:

Cost:

SAF is currently more expensive than traditional jet fuel, which is a barrier to wider adoption. 

Production Capacity:

The current production capacity of SAF is limited, and scaling up production to meet the growing demand is a challenge. 

Feedstock Availability:

Ensuring a consistent supply of high-quality feedstocks is crucial for the sustainable production of SAF. 

Infrastructure:

While SAF can be used in existing infrastructure, some investment may be needed to ensure a reliable supply and distribution network. 

Examples of SAF Feedstocks:

Waste oils and fats, Municipal and agricultural waste, Non-food crops, and Captured carbon dioxide and renewable electricity. 

AM Green Group vision

 AM Green is a company developing a green molecule platform to produce green hydrogen, green ammonia, and other green molecules, aiming to become a cost-competitive producer and contribute to India's green hydrogen goals and global decarbonization efforts. 

Here's a more detailed breakdown of AM Green:

Core Focus:

Green Molecules:

AM Green focuses on producing green molecules like green hydrogen, green ammonia, biofuels, green caustic soda, and e-methanol. 

Decarbonization:

Their goal is to decarbonize hard-to-abate industries by providing these green molecules. 

Renewable Energy & Storage:

AM Green leverages its parent company Greenko's strength in renewable energy and storage-as-a-service model. 

Global Ambition:

AM Green aims to become a global leader in the green molecules business. 

Key Projects and Initiatives:

Green Ammonia Production:

AM Green is developing multiple green ammonia projects across India, with a target of 5 MTPA by 2030. 

Kakinada Project:

A major project involves a 1-million-ton green ammonia plant in Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India, which is scheduled to start production in the second half of 2026. 

Electrolyzer Manufacturing:

AM Green is partnering with John Cockerill to develop India's largest electrolyzer manufacturing plant in Kakinada, contributing to the country's green hydrogen production target. 

Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF):

AM Green acquired Chempolis Next-Gen 2G Bio-Fuel Technology to invest $1 billion to produce SAF. 

Green Hydrogen Platform:

AM Green is developing one of the largest green hydrogen platforms in India. 

Partnerships:

AM Green has partnerships with companies like John Cockerill, Gentari, and BASF to achieve its goals. 

AM Green's Vision:

Net-Zero Goals:

AM Green aims to support industries in achieving net-zero targets. 

Sustainable Future:

AM Green envisions a sustainable and decarbonized world through its green molecule platform. 

Global Collaboration:

AM Green emphasizes the importance of partnerships and collaboration to drive the energy transition. 

Renewable Energy Capacity:

AM Green aims to drive rapid progress in expanding India's renewable energy capacity. 

"Green Urea" policy in India

 India is aiming to transition to "Green Urea" production, moving away from fossil fuel-based methods and towards sustainable practices, with a focus on reducing imports and promoting domestic production, while also aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. 

Here's a more detailed breakdown of the "Green Urea" policy in India:

1. Goals and Objectives:

Reduce Dependence on Imports:

India, a major urea importer, aims to become self-sufficient in urea production by 2025. 

Promote Sustainable Production:

The focus is on transitioning to cleaner, more sustainable methods of urea production, including the use of green hydrogen and carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technologies. 

Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions:

By adopting green urea production, India aims to significantly reduce its carbon footprint in the fertilizer sector. 

Improve Energy Efficiency:

The policy aims to promote energy efficiency in urea production and reduce the reliance on fossil fuels. 

Enhance Food Security:

A stable and sustainable urea supply is crucial for India's agricultural sector and food security. 

2. Key Initiatives and Policies:

Green Urea Mission:

There is a case for establishing a "Green Urea Mission" to foster the development of green hydrogen and CCU industries, which could lower urea production costs and subsidies. 

National Green Hydrogen Mission:

The National Green Hydrogen Mission, which aims to make India a global leader in green hydrogen production, will get a large domestic market in the urea sector. 

New Urea Policy (NUP-2015):

This policy, notified by the Department of Fertilizers, aims to maximize indigenous urea production, promote energy efficiency, and rationalize the subsidy burden. 

New Investment Policy (NIP):

The government has announced New Investment Policy (NIP) to facilitate fresh investment in the urea sector and to make India self-sufficient in the urea sector. 

Promoting Alternate Fertilizers:

The government is also promoting the use of alternate fertilizers like nano liquid urea and nano liquid di-ammonium phosphate (DAP). 

3. Benefits of Green Urea:

Reduced Urea Consumption:

By promoting natural farming, enhancing nitrogen use efficiency, and reducing urea dependency, India aims to halve its urea consumption by 2050. 

Elimination of Urea Imports:

The Green Urea Mission aims to eliminate urea imports, reducing the country's dependence on global markets. 

Reduced Subsidies:

Transitioning to green urea production could lead to a significant reduction in fertilizer subsidies. 

Reduced Greenhouse Gas Emissions:

Green urea production can lead to a substantial reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to India's net-zero goals. 

Mitigation of Air and Water Pollution:

The shift to green urea can help mitigate air and water pollution associated with current urea production practices. 

Enhanced Energy and Food Security:

A sustainable and efficient urea production sector will contribute to India's energy and food security. 

India is exploring "Green Urea," a low-carbon approach to urea production, aiming to reduce reliance on imports, decarbonize the urea industry, and potentially boost food and energy security.

 India is exploring "Green Urea," a low-carbon approach to urea production, aiming to reduce reliance on imports, decarbonize the urea industry, and potentially boost food and energy security. 

Here's a more detailed breakdown:

What is Green Urea?

Decarbonized Production:

Green urea aims to produce urea with significantly lower carbon emissions compared to traditional methods, which heavily rely on natural gas. 

Focus on Renewable Energy:

The production process would utilize renewable energy sources (like solar, wind, or hydro) to power the hydrogen to ammonia process, which is a key step in urea production. 

Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU):

Green urea production might also involve capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide (CO2) from industrial processes, potentially from cement plants, to produce urea. 

Potential Benefits:

Reduced Import Dependency: By producing urea domestically with a lower carbon footprint, India can reduce its reliance on imported urea and natural gas. 

Decarbonization: Transitioning to green urea can significantly reduce the carbon emissions from the urea industry, contributing to India's climate goals. 

Food and Energy Security: A more sustainable and domestically produced urea supply can enhance food and energy security. 

Economic Benefits: Green urea production could create new industries and jobs, and potentially reduce long-term costs associated with subsidies and imports. 

India's Efforts and Initiatives:

Green Urea Mission:

Some reports suggest the possibility of a "Green Urea Mission" to promote the adoption of green urea production technologies. 

iFOREST Report:

The International Forum for Environment, Sustainability & Technology (iFOREST) has published reports detailing a roadmap for the decarbonization of urea production in India. 

Existing Plants:

Modelling suggests that existing urea plants can be transitioned to green urea production. 

Government Support:

Government policies and incentives are seen as crucial to making green urea economically competitive. 

Green Ammonia:

Green ammonia, a key component in the production of green urea, is also gaining attention as a potential path to decarbonize the fertilizer sector. 

CCU Technology:

Utilizing CO2 from cement plants or other industrial sources for green urea production is being explored as a promising approach. 

Challenges:

Higher Initial Costs:

The technology and capital investments required for green urea production are currently higher than traditional methods. 

Policy Support:

Government policies and incentives are needed to make green urea economically viable and promote its adoption. 

Infrastructure:

Developing the necessary infrastructure for renewable energy and carbon capture technologies is crucial. 

PARLIAMENT QUESTION: PLASTICS AND THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY

Ministry of Science & Technology

azadi ka amrit mahotsav

PARLIAMENT QUESTION: PLASTICS AND THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY

Posted On: 27 MAR 2025 6:22PM by PIB Delhi

Technology Development Board (TDB), a statutory body under Department of Science and Technology (DST), has signed an agreement with M/s APChemi Private Limited, Navi Mumbai (2025), for production and commercialization of purified pyrolysis oil to enable downstream production of circular plastics and sustainable chemicals.

Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) has signed Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Delhi Development Authority (DDA) and Municipal Corporations of Delhi in 2019 for setting up of a plant to convert waste plastic to diesel and tiles using technologies developed by CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum (CSIR-IIP), Dehradun and CSIR-National Physical Laboratory (CSIR-NPL), Delhi.

CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad has a technology for converting different plastic waste to value-added products such as green plasticizers, fuel oil, preparation of monomers and hydrogen. Agreements have been signed with, CDG Petchem Limited, Hyderabad; Clean Seas India Private Limited, Hyderabad; Khar Energy Optimiser, Hyderabad; Resqpol Private Limited, Hyderabad and KLJ Private Limited, Delhi.

In order to foster indigenous technological advancements in sustainability, DST’s TDB has provided financial assistance for development of an integrated plant for the recovery of precious metals from E-waste, Jeweller’s waste, Automobile catalyst waste and also for setting up of a commercial plant for recycling Li batteries and E-waste using indigenous technology.

CSIR had sanctioned Rs. 345 crores to its constituent laboratories in the last three years for 15 projects supported under different categories to foster indigenous technological advancements in sustainability.

Department of Chemicals and Petrochemicals (DCPC) has setup 18 Centres of Excellences (CoE) to promote research on recycling process technologies, development of eco-friendly processes and products to minimize waste generation, reduce energy consumption, utilize renewable feedstocks, development of biodegradable and bio-based chemicals for various applications, etc.

Government of India has undertaken several steps across ministries to establish a self-reliant circular economy, generate employment and reduce dependence on imported crude oil, as detailed below:

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF& CC) has issued Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016, and the Plastic Waste Management Amendment Rules, 2021, enforcing Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) for plastic packaging, mandating recycling and reuse. The ban on single-use plastics (effective from 2022) encourages alternative materials and reducing petroleum-based imports.

Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MoP& NG) are scaling up biofuel production, reducing crude oil imports and creating rural jobs in biomass supply chains.

Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) has setup Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs) nationwide, employing thousands in waste segregation and recycling, while promoting circularity in plastics.

DST through Waste Management Technologies (WMT) program, has been supporting research and innovation on circular economy with potential to ameliorate the environmental load from the huge amount of residuals generated by industrial development and consumption lifestyle.

These efforts are collectively building self-reliant circular economy and alsohelping generation of employment.

This information was given by Dr. Jitendra Singh, Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Science and Technology, Department of Atomic Energy, Department of Space, in a written reply in the Rajya Sabha today.

***

Parliament Question: - Tree plantation

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

azadi ka amrit mahotsav

Parliament Question: - Tree plantation

Posted On: 27 MAR 2025 5:45PM by PIB Delhi

The Ministry is taking up plantations under various schemes such as the Nagar Van Yojana (NVY), National Mission for Green India (GIM) and the Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitat and Tangible Benefits (MISHTI). Afforestation activities are also undertaken in a major way by utilizing Compensatory Afforestation Funds under the National Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority (CAMPA) under the overarching theme of “Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam”, a voluntary initiative combining environmental responsibility with a heartfelt tribute to our own mothers as well as Mother Earth was launched on 5th June, 2024. The State-wise details of trees planted in the current financial year are given at Annexure-I.

The protection and management of forests and tree resources is primarily the responsibility of the State Governments/Union Territory Administrations and the details of illegal felling of trees and action taken in this regard are within their purview. In order to stop the illegal felling of trees, States/UTs are taking various measures such as regular patrolling in the forest areas by front-line forest staff to prevent occurrence of any illegal/prohibited activities, establishment of patrolling camps/anti-poaching camps, check posts at strategic and vulnerable locations, deployment of vigilance and flying squad parties, regular inspections in vulnerable areas, etc. Besides, State/UT Forest Departments are also implementing Joint Forest Management programmes, awareness campaigns, educational programmes etc., to secure the involvement of communities in forest protection activities. There are legal frameworks for the protection and management of forest and tree resources of the country which include, the Indian Forest Act 1927, Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam 1980, Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, the State Forest Acts, Tree Preservation Acts and Rules, etc. The State Governments/UT Administrations take appropriate actions to protect forests and trees under the provisions made in these Acts/ Rules as and when instances regarding the illegal felling of trees are detected.

The budget for plantation in the current financial year under the afforestation schemes is Rs. 684.54 Crores.

Annexure-1

 

State/UT- wise details of plantation activities under various schemes in the FY 2024-25

S.No.

State/UT

Number of Trees Planted

1

Andaman and Nicobar (AN)

2261808

2

Andhra Pradesh (AP)

60904135

3

Arunachal Pradesh (AR)

4857910

4

Assam (AS)

32215542

5

Bihar (BR)

35321797

6

Chandigarh (CH)

280887

7

Chhattisgarh (CG)

33121988

8

Dadra and Nagar Haveli (DN)

612502

9

Daman and Diu (DD)

3562

10

Delhi (DL)

4125328

11

Goa (GA)

541794

12

Gujarat (GJ)

173317655

13

Haryana (HR)

12950177

14

Himachal Pradesh (HP)

4883847

15

Jammu and Kashmir (JK)

10119287

16

Jharkhand (JH)

23601649

17

Karnataka (KA)

19069351

18

Kerala (KL)

1932248

19

Ladakh

155532

20

Lakshdweep (LD)

157044

21

Madhya Pradesh (MP)

64019290

22

Maharashtra (MH)

43495069

23

Manipur (MN)

5176249

24

Meghalaya (ML)

88066

25

Mizoram (MZ)

504768

26

Nagaland (NL)

3692248

27

Odisha (OD)

56071322

28

Puducherry (PY)

104694

29

Punjab (PB)

18464163

30

Rajasthan (RJ)

56834461

31

Sikkim (SK)

1895204

32

Tamil Nadu (TN)

23033367

33

Telangana

176471148

34

Tripura (TR)

4143628

35

Uttar Pradesh (UP)

395214001

36

Uttarakhand (UK)

25813947

37

West Bengal (WB)

482485

Total No. of Trees Planted

1295938153

This information was provided by UNION MINISTER OF STATE FOR ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE, SHRI KIRTI VARDHAN SINGH, in a written reply to a question in Rajya Sabha today.

***

Parliament Question: - Restoration of mangroves

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

azadi ka amrit mahotsav

Parliament Question: - Restoration of mangroves

Posted On: 27 MAR 2025 5:46PM by PIB Delhi

Mangrove forests in India are found along the coastline of 9 States and 4 Union Territories. Forest Survey of India (FSI), an organization mandated with forest survey under Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) publishes “India State of Forest Report” (ISFR) biennially.

As per recent ISFR 2023, India has a total Mangrove cover of 4,991.68 sq. km; which is 0.15 % of the country’s total geographical areas. There has been net increase of 363.68 Sq.km (7.86%) in Mangrove cover area of the country in 2023 as compared to 2013 and net increase of 509.68 Sq.km (11.4%) between 2001 and 2023.

The Government of India has implemented several regulatory and promotional measures to protect and enhance mangrove forests across coastal States and Union Territories.

Coastal Zone Regulation Notification of 2019 (CRZ) under The Environment (protection) Act, 1986 classifies Mangroves as Ecologically Sensitive Areas (ESAs) Very limited activities are allowed in these areas. Additionally, provision of a 50-meter buffer zone along mangroves is also specified as CRZ-IA in case the Mangrove cover is greater than 1,000 square meters. Activities permitted in Mangrove buffer is limited to laying of pipelines, transmission lines, conveyance systems or mechanisms and construction of road on stilts, etc. that are required for public utilities. In such instances, if any mangroves are likely to be affected during the developmental process, three times the number of mangroves lost must be replanted as per the provision of CRZ regulation.

The promotional measure includes ‘Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats & Tangible Incomes (MISHTI) programme, launched by Government of India with aim to comprehensively explore the possible area for development of Mangroves covering approximately 540 sq. km spread across the coastline of India. The objective is to conserve and restore the Mangroves and organise awareness campaigns to educate coastal communities about the importance of Mangroves and their role in protecting the environment. Implementation of MISHTI is carried out by coastal State/UT governments, with financial support through convergence and gap funding from the National Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority (CAMPA). For the financial year 2024-25, ₹17.96 Crore has been allocated from CAMPA to Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Kerala, Odisha, West Bengal, and the Union Territory of Puducherry for treatment of 3836 ha of degraded Mangroves and restoration efforts.

‘Conservation and Management of Mangroves and Coral Reefs’ under National Coastal Mission scheme of the Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change provides financial assistance to coastal States and Union Territories (UTs) for the conservation and management of 38 identified mangrove sites and four coral reef sites across nine coastal states and four UTs. Under this scheme, State governments submit proposals to seek financial support, which is provided in a 60:40 cost-sharing ratio between the Central Government and State Governments. An amount of Rs. 8.58 Cr has been released as Central assistance to 7 Coastal States during period 2021 -23 under the scheme for conservation and management of Mangroves.

In addition, MoEFCC with support of three Coastal State (Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Odisha) is implementing Green Climate Fund assisted Enhancing Coastal Resilience of Indian Coastal Community (GCF-ECRICC) project since 2019. The project has a target for restoration and conservation of 10,575 ha of Mangroves in the State of Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Odisha and approximately 3114.29 ha has been achieved during 2019-2024

This information was provided by UNION MINISTER OF STATE FOR ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE, SHRI KIRTI VARDHAN SINGH, in a written reply to a question in Rajya Sabha today.

**

Parliament Question: - Climate change mitigation and adaptation

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

azadi ka amrit mahotsav

Parliament Question: - Climate change mitigation and adaptation

Posted On: 27 MAR 2025 5:47PM by PIB Delhi

The Government of India is committed to address challenges from climate change with firm adherence to multilateralism keeping in mind the national circumstances and based on equity and the principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC), as enshrined in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its Paris Agreement.

India’s NDC has been prepared in alignment with its national circumstances, guided by the principles of Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC) and equity. India’s NDC do not bind it to any sector specific mitigation obligation or action, including in agriculture sector.

India’s climate actions are based on the overarching framework provided by its National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC). The NAPCC identifies measures across many sectors including water, agriculture, forest, energy, sustainability mobility and housing, waste management, health,etc. that promotes our development objectives while also yielding co-benefits for addressing climate change effectively. The missions under NAPCC represents multi-pronged, long-term, and integrated strategies for achieving key goals in the context of climate change. In addition, the Government of India through its various programs and schemes has outlined several steps to simultaneously advance India’s development and climate change related objectives of adaptation and mitigation.

As a result of the above measures, between 2005 and 2020, India’s emission intensity of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) reduced by 36% as against the updated NDC target of 45% by 2030. During 2005 to 2021, additional carbon sink of 2.29 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent has been created against a target of 2.5-3 billion tonnes of carbon sink through additional tree and forest cover by 2030. By February 2025, the share of non-fossil sources in the installed electricity generation capacity was 47.37% against the updated target of 50% by 2030.

Implementing climate-resilient agricultural practices offers co-benefits like improved food security, increased income, enhanced soil health, alternate water management practices in rice, micro-irrigation, diversified farming systems, agro forestry and improved nutrition but also presents trade-offs like increased labor demands and potential costs. These climate resilient agricultural practices are shared with the State Governments for convergence with various schemes of line departments like Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, Agricultural Technology Management Agency, National Food Security Mission, Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana, Khet Talab Yojna and National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development etc. for the spread of climate resilient practices at district level. At village level, village climate risk management committees (VCRMCs), custom hiring centres (CHCs), seed banks and fodder banks help in upscaling and spread of resilient technologies in NICRA adopted villages. Capacity building programs and technology demonstrations have been conducted for farmers and other stakeholders in the domain of climate resilient agriculture.

The Government of India recognizes adaptation is inevitable and imperative for its development process and it has undertaken several efforts to increasingly mainstream adaptation efforts while furthering developmental requirements through a range of schemes/ projects/ programmes to improve adaptive capacities and reducing socioeconomic vulnerabilities of the people.The Disaster Management Act, 2005 provides the framework for disaster risk reduction and response at national, state and district levels with the aim to reduce vulnerability, prevention, and mitigation of disasters and execute appropriate response, rehabilitation, and reconstruction. The strategies include early warnings and communications, construction and sustainable maintenance of multi-purpose cyclone shelter, improved access and evacuation, enhanced capacity, and capability of local communities to respond to disaster and strengthening disaster risk mitigation capacity at central, state, and local levels. The Disaster Response Forces and the funds have also been setup at the national and sub-national level.

The National Mission for Sustainable Habitat (NMSH) is one of the nine missions under the NAPCC. National Mission for Sustainable Habitat (NMSH) aims at promoting low-carbon urban growth towards reducing GHG emissions intensity for achieving India’s NDC and building resilience of cities to climate change impacts and strengthening their capacities to sustain climate related extreme events and disaster risks.

This information was provided by UNION MINISTER OF STATE FOR ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE, SHRI KIRTI VARDHAN SINGH, in a written reply to a question in Rajya Sabha today.

***