Humus

 Humus

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Humus is a crucial component of healthy soil. Here's a breakdown of what it is:

 * Definition:

   * Humus is the dark, organic material in soil that forms from the decomposition of plant and animal matter.

   * Essentially, it's the end product of organic matter breakdown.

 * Formation:

   * It's created through a process of microbial decomposition, where microorganisms like bacteria and fungi break down dead organic material.

 * Importance:

   * Nutrient-rich: Humus is packed with essential nutrients that plants need to thrive.

   * Improved soil structure: It helps to create a crumbly soil structure, which improves aeration and water drainage.

   * Water retention: Humus increases the soil's ability to hold water, which is vital for plant growth.

   * Increased fertility: By providing nutrients and improving soil structure, humus significantly boosts soil fertility.

In short, humus is a vital ingredient for fertile and healthy soil, playing a key role in supporting plant life.