Instrument and Trip System Design

1. Instrumentation:

Current & Voltage Sensors: These devices monitor the direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) in the system. 

Temperature Sensors: Monitor the temperature of key components and ambient conditions. 

2. Protection Relays:

These electronic devices are programmed to detect deviations from normal operating conditions. 

Trip Conditions: Relays can be configured to trigger a trip if voltage, current, or other parameters exceed set thresholds, indicating a fault or potential danger. 

3. Integration and Cabling:

Signal Cabling: Instrumentation and control circuits use dedicated signal cables, often smaller-gauge wires, to transmit data to the protection relays and control system. 

Grounding: Proper grounding for all cables and metallic components is essential for safety and fault detection. 

4. Trip System Function:

When a critical fault is detected by a sensor or relay, the trip system automatically disconnects the power supply, safely shutting down the solar plant to prevent further damage and ensure the safety of personnel and equipment.