In electrical substations for a variety of safety and maintenance reasons. They act as a non-conductive layer, reducing the risk of electric shock by minimizing step and touch potentials during fault conditions. Additionally, they help prevent the growth of vegetation, absorb spilled oil, and improve drainage, contributing to a safer and more easily maintained environment.
Safety:
Step and Touch Potential Reduction:
During ground faults, electricity can flow through the ground, creating voltage differences between points where a person might be standing or touching equipment. Stones, with their higher resistivity compared to soil, help limit the current flow through a person's body, reducing the severity of potential shocks.
Insulation:
The layer of stones acts as an additional layer of insulation between the ground and equipment, further minimizing the risk of electrical hazards.
Fire Prevention:
In case of oil leaks from transformers, the stones can help absorb the spilled oil, preventing it from spreading and creating a fire hazard.
Maintenance:
Vegetation Control:
Stones inhibit the growth of grass, weeds, and other plants, reducing the need for regular vegetation management and preventing potential interference with equipment or personnel.
Drainage:
The porous nature of gravel allows for good drainage, preventing the accumulation of water and reducing the risk of corrosion or other issues associated with moisture.
Accessibility:
The presence of stones provides a relatively clean and stable surface for workers to walk on, improving accessibility for maintenance and inspections.
Heat Dissipation:
Stones can also help with heat dissipation from transformers, further contributing to a stable operating environment, according to a voltage lab article.
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