Column vs piling

 In structural engineering, a column is a vertical structural member that transfers compressive loads from a structure above to a foundation, while piling (or pile foundations) involves driving or boring vertical piles (like columns) deep into the ground to support a structure, especially in areas with weak soil. 

Here's a more detailed breakdown:

Columns:

Function:

Columns are vertical load-bearing members that transfer compressive loads from beams, slabs, or other structural elements to the foundation. 

Location:

Columns are typically located above ground, forming part of the structure's superstructure. 

Materials:

Common materials for columns include concrete, steel, and masonry. 

Purpose:

Columns provide structural support and stability to buildings and other structures. 

Piling (Pile Foundations):

Function:

Piling involves driving or boring piles (which can be considered as long, slender columns) into the ground to support a structure, especially when the soil at the surface is weak or unsuitable for direct foundation.

Location:

Piles are typically driven or bored below ground level, forming the foundation of the structure.

Materials:

Piles can be made of timber, steel, or reinforced concrete.

Purpose:

Piles transfer the loads from the structure to deeper, stronger soil strata.