Renewable Energy

It is evident that no single source of energy would be capable of replacing fossil oil completely which has diverse applications. On the other hand, dependence on fossil oil would have to be reduced at a faster pace so as to stretch its use for longer period and in critical sectors till some appropriate alternative energy sources preferably renewable ones are made available. Presently, the country is spending a fortune in importing fossil oil which can hardly be afforded for long on the face of developmental needs. Due to lack of access to LPG gas for domestic consumption communities are felling trees for firewood use. This is degrading environment as well as smoke is causing respiratory problems for women.  The gas produced, mainly methane, is one of the major causes of the greenhouse effect.
Methane gas and more popularly known as bio-gas is one such alternate sources of energy which has been identified as a useful hydro-carbon with combustible qualities as that of other hydrocarbons. Biogas is a type of gas that is formed by the biological breakdown of organic matter in an oxygen deficient environment. Though its calorific value is not high as some products of fossil oil and other energy sources, it can meet some needs of household and farms. It is counted as an eco-friendly bio-fuel. Biogas contains 60% methane and carbon dioxide. It can be employed for generating electricity and also as automotive fuel.

Habitat India implemented a Bio gas project in Dharampur block, Valsad, Gujarat for 30 low income families. Observed project outcomes included:

• Income of families and their standard of living increased
• Production of energy (heat, light, electricity)
• Transformation of organic wastes into high quality fertilizer
•  Improvement of hygienic conditions through reduction of pathogens, worm eggs and flies
•  Reduction of workload, mainly for women, in firewood collection and cooking
•  Environmental advantages through protection of forests, soil, water and air
•  Global Environmental Benefits of Biogas Technology