Botanical
Survey of India (BSI) an organization working under Ministry of Environment,
Forests and Climate Change, who are mandated for survey of plant diversity of
the country; its documentation, including traditional knowledge associated with
it at National, Regional, State and Ecosystem level and its conservation in
different parts of the country has been carrying out survey and documentation
of all plant resources of the country including medicinal / aromatic plants and
herbs. The survey is the nodal repository for Reference Plant Collections and
at present houses about 3.2 million specimens in its different herbaria, which
help in taxonomic characterization and monitoring of species, including
medicinal plants. It is estimated that, more than 8,000 species of medicinal
herbs and medicinal plants are found in the country.
A
study was got conducted by the National Medicinal Plants Board
of Department of AYUSH through the Foundation for Revitalization of Local
Health Tradition (FRLHT), Bangalore. According to the report of study
published in year 2008, total traded quantity of medicinal plants in the
country was estimated to be about 3.19 lakhs metric tonnes for the year
2005-06. In all, 960 medicinal plants are traded; out of which 178 species
have annual consumption of more than 100 metric tonnes (MTs). However, State /
UT-wise findings are not available in this regard.
According
to the Botanical Survey of India (BSI), no hard core data on the extent of
threat to the medicinal plants is readily available. Out of 19156 species of
vascular plants (Angiosperms-17817; Gymnosperms – 74; Pteridophytes – 1265),
about 70 medicinal and aromatic plants species are threatened due to various
anthropogenic activities.
Various
measures have already been taken in this direction which includes the
following:
·
Council
of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) constituent laboratories, namely
CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow;
CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu; CSIR-North
East Institute of Science & Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat; and
CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bio resource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
undertake studies related to (i) survey, collection and inventorization of
medicinal and aromatic plants from different phytogeographical regions of
India; (ii) development of improved varieties; and (iii) development of agro
technologies and processing technologies for economically important medicinal
and aromatic plants and their value addition. The laboratories are
disseminating the technologies among farmers and entrepreneurs through
training-cum-demonstration programmes.
·
Research
Councils working under Department of AYUSH, Ministry of Health & Family
Welfare viz. Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS),
Central Council for Research in Unani Medicines (CCRUM) and Central Council
for Research in Homoeopathy (CCRH) have been conducting studies through surveys
and explorations to collect information regarding availability of medicinal and
aromatic plants / herbs in various States and have documented information in
this regard.
·
With
the purpose of conserving& promoting medicinal plants utilized in the
traditional systems of medicines, the Government has set up Medicinal Plants
Board vide Resolution notified on 24th November, 2000 under
Department of AYUSH, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. Important
functions of the Board include Co-ordination with Ministries / Departments /
Organizations / State / UT Government for development of medicinal plants
sector.
Following
schemes implemented by National Medicinal Plants Board (NMPB) during 11th
Plan for overall development of medicinal plants sector in the States have so
far been continued:
(i)
Central Sector Scheme for “Conservation, Development and Sustainable Management
of Medicinal Plants”:
Under
this Scheme support is provided for undertaking activities on Survey,
Inventorization, in-situ conservation, ex-situ conservation /
herbal gardens, linkage with JFMCs, Research and Development etc. on Medicinal
Plants. Information regarding financial assistance which includes the
technical components viz. capacity building of all stakeholders, provided under
the Scheme during last three years and the current year, State / UT-wise
details is given below:-
Information regarding release of funds to the different States under
Central Sector Scheme for Conservation, Development and sustainable Management
of Medicinal Plants
(In lakhs)
|
S.No.
|
State Name
|
2011-12
|
2012-13
|
2013-14
|
2014-15
|
|
1
|
Andhra Pradesh
|
233.11
|
44.57
|
194.09
|
0.00
|
|
2
|
Arunachal Pradesh
|
48.33
|
0.00
|
4.95
|
0.00
|
|
3
|
Assam
|
7.44
|
4.33
|
28.99
|
0.00
|
|
4
|
Bihar
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
|
5
|
Chhattisgarh
|
125.98
|
178.60
|
374.07
|
0.00
|
|
6
|
Delhi
|
111.97
|
38.80
|
87.86
|
25.00
|
|
7
|
Goa
|
4.78
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
|
8
|
Gujarat
|
188.55
|
609.91
|
133.15
|
0.00
|
|
9
|
Haryana
|
47.25
|
0.00
|
10.87
|
0.00
|
|
10
|
Himachal Pradesh
|
326.98
|
11.23
|
40.44
|
0.00
|
|
11
|
Jammu & Kashmir
|
15.75
|
33.38
|
175.09
|
16.32
|
|
12
|
Jharkhand
|
99.67
|
138.95
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
|
13
|
Karnataka
|
116.32
|
191.87
|
281.20
|
51.58
|
|
14
|
Kerala
|
507.48
|
50.54
|
161.88
|
0.00
|
|
15
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
899.37
|
222.30
|
1338.91
|
0.00
|
|
16
|
Maharashtra
|
519.39
|
890.95
|
661.58
|
197.29
|
|
17
|
Manipur
|
20.65
|
16.00
|
13.00
|
0.00
|
|
18
|
Meghalaya
|
5.00
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
|
19
|
Mizoram
|
4.99
|
265.35
|
174.90
|
0.00
|
|
20
|
Nagaland
|
139.92
|
74.22
|
99.35
|
5.00
|
|
21
|
Orissa
|
179.62
|
2.78
|
97.10
|
12.00
|
|
22
|
Punjab
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
39.01
|
0.00
|
|
23
|
Rajasthan
|
454.65
|
597.93
|
684.36
|
0.00
|
|
24
|
Sikkim
|
322.16
|
177.01
|
547.38
|
0.00
|
|
25
|
Tamil Nadu
|
25.34
|
16.90
|
190.27
|
0.00
|
|
26
|
Tripura
|
51.50
|
89.56
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
|
27
|
Uttarakhand
|
179.02
|
20.64
|
133.14
|
29.34
|
|
28
|
Uttar Pradesh
|
200.30
|
4.28
|
188.53
|
6.00
|
|
29
|
West Bengal
|
3.00
|
75.47
|
109.00
|
0.00
|
|
30
|
Andaman & Nicobar
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
41.27
|
0.00
|
|
31
|
Chandigarh
|
0.00
|
17.12
|
5.00
|
0.00
|
|
32
|
Pondicherry
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
1.80
|
0.00
|
|
|
Total
|
4838.52
|
3772.69
|
5817.19
|
342.53
|
(ii)
Centrally Sponsored Scheme of “National Mission on Medicinal Plants”:
This
scheme is primarily aimed at supporting cultivation of medicinal plants on
private land with backwards linkages for establishment of nurseries, for supply
of quality planting material etc. and forward linkages for post-harvest
management, marketing infrastructure, certification etc. in a mission mode.
Information regarding financial assistance provided under the Scheme during
last three years and the current year, State / UT-wise is details is given
below:-
Information regarding
release of funds to the different States under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme
of National Mission on Medicinal Plants
(In lakhs)
|
S.No
|
Name of
State
|
2011-12
|
2012-13
|
2013-14
|
2014-15
|
|
1
|
Andhra
Pradesh
|
512.52
|
834.32
|
963.63
|
Release
of funds during the current year is under process
|
|
2
|
Arunachal
Pradesh
|
285.14
|
0.00
|
118.65
|
|
3
|
Assam
|
114.52
|
162.81
|
0.00
|
|
4
|
Chhattisgarh
|
186.96
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
|
5
|
Gujarat
|
47.35
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
|
6
|
Haryana
|
85.46
|
0.00
|
171.14
|
|
7
|
Himachal
Pradesh
|
84.3
|
0.00
|
97.54
|
|
8
|
Jharkhand
|
257.61
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
|
9
|
Karnataka
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
216.71
|
|
10
|
Kerala
|
223.17
|
210.41
|
264.27
|
|
11
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
302.93
|
474.59
|
395.45
|
|
12
|
Maharashtra
|
327.08
|
0.00
|
682.44
|
|
13
|
Manipur
|
138.54
|
57.6
|
105.96
|
|
14
|
Meghalaya
|
91.62
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
|
15
|
Mizoram
|
160.12
|
8.91
|
18.28
|
|
16
|
Nagaland
|
181.12
|
188.47
|
175.88
|
|
17
|
Orissa
|
475.58
|
111
|
150.66
|
|
18
|
Rajasthan
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
28.87
|
|
19
|
Sikkim
|
91.1
|
161.94
|
137.59
|
|
20
|
Tamil
Nadu
|
961.39
|
741.5
|
1022.6698
|
|
21
|
Tripura
|
84
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
|
22
|
Uttar
Pradesh
|
0.00
|
834.54
|
424.36
|
|
23
|
Uttarakhand
|
262.73
|
0.00
|
278.86
|
|
|
Total
|
4873.24
|
3786.1
|
5252.96
|
|
The Health Minister stated this in a written reply in the LokSabha
here today.
*****
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