OSHA Plant Safety Audit Checklist Self-Inspection
The
most widely accepted way to identify hazards is to conduct safety and
health inspections. The only way you can be certain of the actual
situation is for you to look at it from time to time.
Make a Self-Inspection of Your Business
Begin
a program of self-inspection in your own workplace. Self-inspection is a
must if you are to know where probable hazards exist and whether they
are under control.
Later,
you will find checklists designed to help you in this fact-finding.
They will give you some indication of where you should act to make your
business safer and more healthful for your employees.
Note:Applicable
regulatory citations appear after most checklist items. These
references are provided so that you may look up the actual wording or
context for an item in the regulations.
These
checklists are by no means all-inclusive. You may wish to add to them
or delete portions that do not apply to your business. Consider
carefully each item as you come to it and then make your decision.
Don't
spend time with items that obviously have no application to your
business. Make sure each item is seen by you or your designee, and leave
nothing to memory or chance. Write down what you see, or don't see, and
what you think you should do about it.
When
you have completed the checklists, add this material to your injury
information, your employee information, and your process and equipment
information. You will now possess many facts that will help you
determine what problems exist. Then, if you use the OSHA standards in
your problem-solving process, it will be much easier for you to
determine the action needed to solve these problems.
Once
the hazards have been identified, you can institute the control
procedures and establish your four-point safety and health program.
Technical
assistance in self-inspection may be available through your insurance
carrier, the local safety council and many local, state, and federal
agencies, including the state consultation programs and OSHA Area
Offices. Additional checklists are available from trade associations,
insurance companies, and other similar service organizations.
Self-Inspection Scope
Your self-inspections should cover safety and health issues in the following areas:
- Processing, Receiving, Shipping and Storage — equipment, job planning, layout, heights, floor loads, projection of materials, material handling and storage methods, training for material handling equipment.
- Building and Grounds Conditions — floors, walls, ceilings, exits, stairs, walkways, ramps, platforms, driveways, aisles.
- Housekeeping Program — waste disposal, tools, objects, materials, leakage and spillage, cleaning methods, schedules, work areas, remote areas, storage areas.
- Electricity — equipment, switches, breakers, fuses, switch-boxes, junctions, special fixtures, circuits, insulation, extensions, tools, motors, grounding, national electric code compliance.
- Lighting — type, intensity, controls, conditions, diffusion, location, glare and shadow control.
- Heating and Ventilation — type, effectiveness, temperature, humidity, controls, natural and artificial ventilation and exhausting.
- Machinery — points of operation, flywheels, gears, shafts, pulleys, key ways, belts, couplings, sprockets, chains, frames, controls, lighting for tools and equipment, brakes, exhausting, feeding, oiling, adjusting, maintenance, lockout/tagout, grounding, work space, location, purchasing standards.
- Personnel — training, including hazard identification training; experience; methods of checking machines before use; type of clothing; PPE; use of guards; tool storage; work practices; methods for cleaning, oiling, or adjusting machinery.
- Hand and Power Tools — purchasing standards, inspection, storage, repair, types, maintenance, grounding, use and handling.
- Chemicals — storage, handling, transportation, spills, disposals, amounts used, labeling, toxicity or other harmful effects, warning signs, supervision, training, protective clothing and equipment, hazard communication requirements.
- Fire Prevention — extinguishers, alarms, sprinklers, smoking rules, exits, personnel assigned, separation of flammable materials and dangerous operations, explosion-proof fixtures in hazardous locations, waste disposal and training of personnel.
- Maintenance — provide regular and preventive maintenance on all equipment used at the worksite, recording all work performed on the machinery and by training personnel on the proper care and servicing of the equipment.
- PPE — type, size, maintenance, repair, age, storage, assignment of responsibility, purchasing methods, standards observed, training in care and use, rules of use, method of assignment.
- Transportation — motor vehicle safety, seat belts, vehicle maintenance, safe driver programs.
- First Aid Program/Supplies — medical care facilities locations, posted emergency phone numbers, accessible first aid kits.
- Evacuation Plan — establish and practice procedures for an emergency evacuation, e.g., fire, chemical/biological incidents, bomb threat; include escape procedures and routes, critical plant operations, employee accounting following an evacuation, rescue and medical duties and ways to report emergencies.
Who Should Inspect?
Ideally, medium and large worksites will have more than one type of regular site inspections.
Supervisors
Many
employers make it the supervisor's responsibility to inspect his/her
work area at the beginning of every shift to ensure that equipment and
personnel are ready to work safely.
This
can be particularly helpful when other shifts use the same area and
equipment or when after-hours maintenance and cleaning are routinely
done. Supervisors' inspections of their own areas should not substitute,
however, for broad general inspection. There are two reasons for this:
- Those who work in an area can start "not seeing" things that they get used to. It is always good to have cross-inspections where supervisors or employees from one area look at another area.
- A general site inspection will encompass areas not assigned to individual supervisors, for example, outdoor and other common areas.
Employees
OSHA
recommends involving employees in the safety and health program, in
both problem identification and resolution. One way to do this is to
have the employee committee or the joint employee-management committee
conduct routine inspections. By employing this method, you:
- Expand the number of people doing inspections, and therefore, improve the odds of finding hazards; and
- Increase employee awareness of the safety and health program.
Safety and Health Staff
It
is most common and most logical for the staff personnel who specialize
in safety and health to conduct the inspections. Even when other
employees conduct inspections, it is wise also to involve the
specialists. In a small business, the specialist may be the Human
Resources Director or another member of management with many important
duties in addition to safety and health. By having the safety and health
staffer conduct inspections, you keep the person responsible for safety
and health in touch with the successes and/or problems in the hazard
prevention and control program, and use your greatest in-house source of
expertise.
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