Calculated pH values of common acids and bases for 1, 10, and 100 mmol/L (valid for standard conditions at 25°C, 1 atm; acidity constants are taken from):
| • Acids: | sorted by pH or formula |
| • Bases: | sorted by pH or formula |
| • Organics: | Organic acids |
pH of Acids - Sorted by pH
| Acid | Name | 1 mM | 10 mM | 100 mM | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2SeO4 | selenic acid | 2.74 | 1.83 | 0.97 | |
| H2SO4 | sulfuric acid | 2.75 | 1.87 | 1.01 | |
| HI | hydroiodic acid | 3.01 | 2.04 | 1.08 | |
| HBr | hydrobromic acid | 3.01 | 2.04 | 1.08 | |
| HCl | hydrochloric acid | 3.01 | 2.04 | 1.08 | |
| HNO3 | nitric acid | 3.01 | 2.04 | 1.08 | |
| H3PO4 | orthophosphoric acid | 3.06 | 2.26 | 1.63 | |
| H3AsO4 | arsenic acid | 3.08 | 2.31 | 1.70 | |
| H2SeO3 | selenous acid | 3.15 | 2.47 | 1.90 | |
| H2CrO4 | chromic acid | 3.03 | 2.33 | 2.06 | |
| H3Citrate | citric acid, C6H8O7 | 3.24 | 2.62 | 2.08 | |
| HF | hydrofluoric acid | 3.27 | 2.65 | 2.12 | |
| HNO2 | nitrous acid | 3.28 | 2.67 | 2.13 | |
| HCyanate | isocyanic acid, HOCN | 3.35 | 2.76 | 2.23 | |
| HFormate | formic acid, CH2O2 (methanoic acid) | 3.47 | 2.91 | 2.38 | |
| H2Se | hydrogen selenide | 3.49 | 2.93 | 2.41 | |
| H2MoO4 | molybdic acid | 3.46 | 2.94 | 2.43 | |
| HLactate | lactic acid, C3H6O3 (milk acid) | 3.51 | 2.96 | 2.44 | |
| HAcetate | acetic acid, C2H4O2 (ethanoic acid) | 3.91 | 3.39 | 2.88 | |
| H2CO3 | carbonic acid | 4.68 | 4.18 | 3.68 | |
| H2S | hydrogen sulfide | 4.97 | 4.47 | 3.97 | |
| H3AsO3 | arsenious acid | 6.07 | 5.58 | 5.09 | |
| HCyanide | hydrocyanic acid, HCN | 6.11 | 5.62 | 5.12 | |
| H3BO3 | boric acid | 6.12 | 5.62 | 5.12 | |
| H4SiO4 | silicic acid | 6.40 | 5.91 | 5.42 | |
| H4SiO4 | silicic acid (with SiO2(a) precipitation) | 6.40 | 6.26 | 6.26 |
pH of Acids - Sorted by Molecular Formula
| Acid | Name | 1 mM | 10 mM | 100 mM | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2CO3 | carbonic acid | 4.68 | 4.18 | 3.68 | |
| H2CrO4 | chromic acid | 3.03 | 2.33 | 2.06 | |
| H2MoO4 | molybdic acid | 3.46 | 2.94 | 2.43 | |
| H2S | hydrogen sulfide | 4.97 | 4.47 | 3.97 | |
| H2Se | hydrogen selenide | 3.49 | 2.93 | 2.41 | |
| H2SeO3 | selenous acid | 3.15 | 2.47 | 1.90 | |
| H2SeO4 | selenic acid | 2.74 | 1.83 | 0.97 | |
| H2SO4 | sulfuric acid | 2.75 | 1.87 | 1.01 | |
| H3AsO3 | arsenious acid | 6.07 | 5.58 | 5.09 | |
| H3AsO4 | arsenic acid | 3.08 | 2.31 | 1.70 | |
| H3BO3 | boric acid | 6.12 | 5.62 | 5.12 | |
| H3Citrate | citric acid, C6H8O7 | 3.24 | 2.62 | 2.08 | |
| H3PO4 | orthophosphoric acid | 3.06 | 2.26 | 1.63 | |
| H4SiO4 | silicic acid | 6.40 | 5.91 | 5.42 | |
| H4SiO4 | silicic acid (with SiO2(a) precipitation) | 6.40 | 6.26 | 6.26 | |
| HAcetate | acetic acid, C2H4O2 (ethanoic acid) | 3.91 | 3.39 | 2.88 | |
| HBr | hydrobromic acid | 3.01 | 2.04 | 1.08 | |
| HCl | hydrochloric acid | 3.01 | 2.04 | 1.08 | |
| HCyanate | isocyanic acid, HOCN | 3.35 | 2.76 | 2.23 | |
| HCyanide | hydrocyanic acid, HCN | 6.11 | 5.62 | 5.12 | |
| HF | hydrofluoric acid | 3.27 | 2.65 | 2.12 | |
| HFormate | formic acid, CH2O2 (methanoic acid) | 3.47 | 2.91 | 2.38 | |
| HI | hydroiodic acid | 3.01 | 2.04 | 1.08 | |
| HLactate | lactic acid, C3H6O3 (milk acid) | 3.51 | 2.96 | 2.44 | |
| HNO2 | nitrous acid | 3.28 | 2.67 | 2.13 | |
| HNO3 | nitric acid | 3.01 | 2.04 | 1.08 |
pH of Bases - Sorted by pH
The limited solubility of hydroxides is taken into account (as indicated by footnotes in the last column).
| Base | Name | 1 mM | 10 mM | 100 mM | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ba(OH)2 | barium hydroxide | 11.27 | 12.22 | 13.08 | 1 |
| Sr(OH)2 | strontium hydroxide | 11.27 | 12.22 | 13.09 | |
| NaOH | sodium hydroxide | 10.98 | 11.95 | 12.88 | |
| KOH | potassium hydroxide (caustic potash) | 10.98 | 11.95 | 12.88 | |
| Na2SiO3 | sodium metasilicate | 11.00 | 11.91 | 12.62 | |
| Ca(OH)2 | calcium hydroxide (lime, CaO:H2O) | 11.27 | 12.20 | 12.46 | 2 |
| Na3PO4 | trisodium phosphate | 10.95 | 11.71 | 12.12 | |
| K2CO3 | potassium carbonate | 10.52 | 11.00 | 11.36 | |
| Na2CO3 | sodium carbonate (soda ash) | 10.52 | 10.97 | 11.26 | |
| NH4OH | ammonium hydroxide (NH3:H2O) | 10.09 | 10.61 | 11.12 | |
| Mg(OH)2 | magnesium hydroxide (MgO:H2O) | 10.40 | 10.40 | 10.40 | 3 |
| CaCO3 | calcium carbonate (calcite) | 9.91 | 9.91 | 9.91 | 4 |
| Fe(OH)2 | iron(II) hydroxide (ferrous hydroxide) | 9.45 | 9.45 | 9.45 | 5 |
| Cd(OH)2 | cadmium hydroxide | 9.36 | 9.36 | 9.36 | 6 |
| Na2B4O7 | sodium borate (borax) | 9.21 | 9.17 | 9.05 | |
| Co(OH)2 | cobalt(II) hydroxide | 9.15 | 9.15 | 9.15 | 7 |
| Zn(OH)2 | zinc hydroxide | 8.88 | 8.88 | 8.88 | 8 |
| Ni(OH)2 | nickel(II) hydroxide | 8.37 | 8.37 | 8.37 | 9 |
| KAcetate | potassium acetate (CH3COOK) | 7.87 | 8.33 | 8.75 | |
| NaAcetate | sodium acetate (CH3COONa) | 7.87 | 8.33 | 8.75 | |
| KHCO3 | potassium hydrogen carbonate | 8.27 | 8.25 | 8.13 | |
| NaHCO3 | sodium hydrogen carbonate | 8.27 | 8.22 | 8.02 | |
| Be(OH)2 | beryllium hydroxide | 7.90 | 7.90 | 7.90 | 10 |
| Cu(OH)2 | copper(II) hydroxide | 7.69 | 7.69 | 7.69 | 11 |
| Pb(OH)2 | lead(II) hydroxide | 7.54 | 7.54 | 7.54 | 12 |
| Cr(OH)3 | chromium(III)hydroxide | 7.04 | 7.04 | 7.04 | 13 |
| Hg(OH)2 | mercury(II) hydroxide | 7.03 | 7.03 | 7.03 | 14 |
pH of Bases - Sorted by Molecular Formula
| Base | Name | 1 mM | 10 mM | 100 mM | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ba(OH)2 | barium hydroxide | 11.27 | 12.22 | 13.08 | 1 |
| Be(OH)2 | beryllium hydroxide | 7.90 | 7.90 | 7.90 | 10 |
| Ca(OH)2 | calcium hydroxide (lime, CaO:H2O) | 11.27 | 12.20 | 12.46 | 2 |
| CaCO3 | calcium carbonate (calcite) | 9.91 | 9.91 | 9.91 | 4 |
| Cd(OH)2 | cadmium hydroxide | 9.36 | 9.36 | 9.36 | 6 |
| Co(OH)2 | cobalt(II) hydroxide | 9.15 | 9.15 | 9.15 | 7 |
| Cr(OH)3 | chromium(III) hydroxide | 7.04 | 7.04 | 7.04 | 13 |
| Cu(OH)2 | copper(II) hydroxide | 7.69 | 7.69 | 7.69 | 11 |
| Fe(OH)2 | iron(II) hydroxide (ferrous hydroxide) | 9.45 | 9.45 | 9.45 | 5 |
| Hg(OH)2 | mercury(II) hydroxide | 7.03 | 7.03 | 7.03 | 14 |
| K2CO3 | potassium carbonate | 10.52 | 11.00 | 11.36 | |
| KAcetate | potassium acetate (CH3COOK) | 7.87 | 8.33 | 8.75 | |
| KHCO3 | potassium hydrogen carbonate | 8.27 | 8.25 | 8.13 | |
| KOH | potassium hydroxide (caustic potash) | 10.98 | 11.95 | 12.88 | |
| Mg(OH)2 | magnesium hydroxide (MgO:H2O) | 10.40 | 10.40 | 10.40 | 3 |
| Na2B4O7 | sodium borate (borax) | 9.21 | 9.17 | 9.05 | |
| Na2CO3 | sodium carbonate (soda ash) | 10.52 | 10.97 | 11.26 | |
| Na2SiO3 | sodium metasilicate | 11.00 | 11.91 | 12.62 | |
| Na3PO4 | trisodium phosphate | 10.95 | 11.71 | 12.12 | |
| NaAcetate | sodium acetate (CH3COONa) | 7.87 | 8.33 | 8.75 | |
| NaHCO3 | sodium hydrogen carbonate | 8.27 | 8.22 | 8.02 | |
| NaOH | sodium hydroxide | 10.98 | 11.95 | 12.88 | |
| NH4OH | ammonium hydroxide (NH3:H2O) | 10.09 | 10.61 | 11.12 | |
| Ni(OH)2 | nickel(II) hydroxide | 8.37 | 8.37 | 8.37 | 9 |
| Pb(OH)2 | lead(II) hydroxide | 7.54 | 7.54 | 7.54 | 12 |
| Sr(OH)2 | strontium hydroxide | 11.27 | 12.22 | 13.09 | |
| Zn(OH)2 | zinc hydroxide | 8.88 | 8.88 | 8.88 | 8 |
pH of Organic Acids and Salts
Based on given acidity constants (pKa values) the pH of organic acids for 1, 10, and 100 mmol/L are calculated. The results are listed in the following tables (valid for standard conditions 25°C, 1 atm):
- organic acids – sorted by formula
- organic acids – sorted by pH
- organic salts – sorted by formula
- inorganic acids and bases
For other reactions we refer to the free software. [ Demo: online pH-calculator ]
pH of Organic Acids – Sorted by Molecular Formula
| Formula | Name | Alternative name | 1 mM | 10 mM | 100 mM |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH2O2 | formic acid | methanoic acid | 3.47 | 2.91 | 2.38 |
| C2H2O3 | glyoxilic acid | oxoacetic acid | 3.27 | 2.65 | 2.11 |
| C2H2O4 | oxalic acid | ethanedioic acid | 3.00 | 2.09 | 1.31 |
| C2H4O2 | acetic acid | ethanoic acid | 3.91 | 3.39 | 2.88 |
| C2H4O3 | glocolic acid | hydroxyacetic acid | 3.50 | 2.94 | 2.42 |
| C3H4O2 | acrylic acid | propenoic acid | 3.68 | 3.14 | 2.63 |
| C3H4O3 | pyruvic acid | acetylformic acid | 3.11 | 2.38 | 1.79 |
| C3H4O4 | malonic acid | propanedioic acid | 3.17 | 2.50 | 1.94 |
| C3H6O2 | propanoic acid | propionic acid | 3.96 | 3.44 | 2.94 |
| C3H6O3 | 3-hydroxypropanoic | hydracrylic acid | 3.79 | 3.27 | 2.76 |
| C3H6O3 | lactic acid | milk acid | 3.51 | 2.96 | 2.44 |
| C3H6O4 | glyceric acid | 3.38 | 2.80 | 2.27 | |
| C4H4O4 | fumaric acid | allomaleic acid | 3.19 | 2.57 | 2.03 |
| C4H4O4 | maleic acid | toxilic acid | 3.05 | 2.21 | 1.54 |
| C4H4O5 | oxaloacetic acid | oxalacetic acid | 3.05 | 2.29 | 1.68 |
| C4H6O2 | crotonoic acid | 3-butenoic acid | 3.84 | 3.32 | 2.81 |
| C4H6O3 | acetoacetic acid | diacetic acid | 3.40 | 2.83 | 2.30 |
| C4H6O3 | 2-oxobutanoic acid | alpha-ketobutyric acid | 3.11 | 2.38 | 1.79 |
| C4H6O4 | methylmalonic acid | 3.23 | 2.60 | 2.05 | |
| C4H6O4 | succinic acid | butanedioic acid | 3.65 | 3.12 | 2.61 |
| C4H6O5 | malic acid | 3.33 | 2.74 | 2.21 | |
| C4H6O6 | L-tartaric acid | racemic acid | 3.18 | 2.55 | 2.01 |
| C4H6O6 | DL-tartaric acid | racemic acid | 3.19 | 2.58 | 2.03 |
| C4H6O6 | meso-tartaric acid | racemic acid | 3.24 | 2.62 | 2.08 |
| C4H6O8 | dihydroxytartaric acid | 3.04 | 2.20 | 1.54 | |
| C4H8O2 | butanoic acid | butyric acid | 3.94 | 3.42 | 2.92 |
| C4H8O2 | isobutanoic acid | isobutyric acid | 3.96 | 3.44 | 2.93 |
| C4H8O3 | hydroxybutanoic acid | 3.43 | 2.86 | 2.33 | |
| C5H6O4 | itaconic acid | methylenesuccinic acid | 3.50 | 2.95 | 2.43 |
| C5H6O4 | mesaconic acid | dimethylfumaric acid | 3.23 | 2.61 | 2.06 |
| C5H6O5 | oxoglutaric acid | ketoglutaric acid | 3.09 | 2.36 | 1.77 |
| C5H8O4 | glutaric acid | pentanedioic acid | 3.70 | 3.17 | 2.66 |
| C5H8O4 | methylsuccinic acid | 3.62 | 3.08 | 2.57 | |
| C5H10O2 | valeric acid | pentanoic acid | 3.95 | 3.43 | 2.92 |
| C5H10O2 | isovaleric acid | isopentanoic acid | 3.92 | 3.40 | 2.89 |
| C5H10O2 | pivalic acid | dimethylpropanoic acid | 4.04 | 3.52 | 3.02 |
| C6H6O | phenol | carbolic acid | 6.47 | 5.99 | 5.49 |
| C6H6O6 | cis-aconitic acid | 3.05 | 2.21 | 1.55 | |
| C6H6O6 | trans-aconitic acid | 3.14 | 2.48 | 1.92 | |
| C6H8O6 | ascorbic acid | vitamin C | 3.59 | 3.04 | 2.53 |
| C6H8O7 | citric acid | 3.24 | 2.62 | 2.08 | |
| C6H8O7 | isocitric acid | 3.28 | 2.69 | 2.16 | |
| C6H10O4 | adipic acid | hexanediodic acid | 3.74 | 3.22 | 2.71 |
| C6H12O2 | caproic acid | hexanoic acid | 3.95 | 3.43 | 2.93 |
| C7H6O2 | benzoic acid | 3.66 | 3.12 | 2.60 | |
| C7H6O3 | salicylic acid | 2-hydroxybenzoic acid | 3.21 | 2.57 | 2.02 |
| C7H6O4 | gentisic acid | “2,5-dihydroxybenzoic” | 3.21 | 2.56 | 2.01 |
| C7H6O4 | protocatechuic acid | “3,4-dihydroxybenzoic” | 3.78 | 3.25 | 2.74 |
| C7H6O5 | gallic acid | “3,4,5-trihydroxybenz.” | 3.75 | 3.22 | 2.71 |
| C7H12O2 | cyclohexanecarboxylic | 3.97 | 3.46 | 2.95 | |
| C7H12O4 | pimelic acid | heptanedioic acid | 3.77 | 3.25 | 2.74 |
| C8H6O4 | phthalic acid | ortho-phthalic acid | 3.20 | 2.55 | 2.00 |
| C8H6O4 | isophthalic acid | meta-phthalic acid | 3.33 | 2.76 | 2.24 |
| C8H6O4 | terephthalic acid | para-phthalic acid | 3.36 | 2.79 | 2.26 |
| C8H8O2 | phenylacetic acid | benzeneacetic acid | 3.70 | 3.17 | 2.66 |
| C8H8O2 | toluic acid | ortho-toluic acid | 3.53 | 2.98 | 2.46 |
| C8H8O2 | m-toluic acid | meta-toluic acid | 3.69 | 3.15 | 2.64 |
| C8H8O2 | p-toluic acid | para-toluic acid | 3.73 | 3.20 | 2.69 |
| C8H8O3 | mandelic acid | phenylglycolic acid | 3.34 | 2.75 | 2.22 |
| C8H8O4 | homogentistic acid | 3.74 | 3.21 | 2.70 | |
| C8H14O4 | suberic acid | octanedioic acid | 3.79 | 3.27 | 2.76 |
| C8H16O2 | octanoic acid | caprylic acid | 3.97 | 3.45 | 2.95 |
| C9H8O2 | cinnamic acid | trans-cinnamic acid | 3.76 | 3.23 | 2.72 |
| C9H18O2 | nonanoic acid | pelargonic acid | 4.00 | 3.49 | 2.98 |
pH of Organic Acids – Sorted by increasing pH
| Formula | Name | Alternative name | 1 mM | 10 mM | 100 mM |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C2H2O4 | oxalic acid | ethanedioic acid | 3.00 | 2.09 | 1.31 |
| C4H4O4 | maleic acid | toxilic acid | 3.05 | 2.21 | 1.54 |
| C4H6O8 | dihydroxytartaric acid | 3.04 | 2.20 | 1.54 | |
| C6H6O6 | cis-aconitic acid | 3.05 | 2.21 | 1.55 | |
| C4H4O5 | oxaloacetic acid | oxalacetic acid | 3.05 | 2.29 | 1.68 |
| C5H6O5 | oxoglutaric acid | ketoglutaric acid | 3.09 | 2.36 | 1.77 |
| C3H4O3 | pyruvic acid | acetylformic acid | 3.11 | 2.38 | 1.79 |
| C4H6O3 | 2-oxobutanoic acid | alpha-ketobutyric acid | 3.11 | 2.38 | 1.79 |
| C6H6O6 | trans-aconitic acid | 3.14 | 2.48 | 1.92 | |
| C3H4O4 | malonic acid | propanedioic acid | 3.17 | 2.50 | 1.94 |
| C8H6O4 | phthalic acid | ortho-phthalic acid | 3.20 | 2.55 | 2.00 |
| C4H6O6 | L-tartaric acid | racemic acid | 3.18 | 2.55 | 2.01 |
| C7H6O4 | gentisic acid | “2,5-dihydroxybenzoic” | 3.21 | 2.56 | 2.01 |
| C7H6O3 | salicylic acid | 2-hydroxybenzoic acid | 3.21 | 2.57 | 2.02 |
| C4H4O4 | fumaric acid | allomaleic acid | 3.19 | 2.57 | 2.03 |
| C4H6O6 | DL-tartaric acid | racemic acid | 3.19 | 2.58 | 2.03 |
| C4H6O4 | methylmalonic acid | 3.23 | 2.60 | 2.05 | |
| C5H6O4 | mesaconic acid | dimethylfumaric acid | 3.23 | 2.61 | 2.06 |
| C4H6O6 | meso-tartaric acid | racemic acid | 3.24 | 2.62 | 2.08 |
| C6H8O7 | citric acid | 3.24 | 2.62 | 2.08 | |
| C2H2O3 | glyoxilic acid | oxoacetic acid | 3.27 | 2.65 | 2.11 |
| C6H8O7 | isocitric acid | 3.28 | 2.69 | 2.16 | |
| C4H6O5 | malic acid | 3.33 | 2.74 | 2.21 | |
| C8H8O3 | mandelic acid | phenylglycolic acid | 3.34 | 2.75 | 2.22 |
| C8H6O4 | isophthalic acid | meta-phthalic acid | 3.33 | 2.76 | 2.24 |
| C8H6O4 | terephthalic acid | para-phthalic acid | 3.36 | 2.79 | 2.26 |
| C3H6O4 | glyceric acid | 3.38 | 2.80 | 2.27 | |
| C4H6O3 | acetoacetic acid | diacetic acid | 3.40 | 2.83 | 2.30 |
| C4H8O3 | hydroxybutanoic acid | 3.43 | 2.86 | 2.33 | |
| CH2O2 | formic acid | methanoic acid | 3.47 | 2.91 | 2.38 |
| C2H4O3 | glocolic acid | hydroxyacetic acid | 3.50 | 2.94 | 2.42 |
| C5H6O4 | itaconic acid | methylenesuccinic acid | 3.50 | 2.95 | 2.43 |
| C3H6O3 | lactic acid | milk acid | 3.51 | 2.96 | 2.44 |
| C8H8O2 | toluic acid | ortho-toluic acid | 3.53 | 2.98 | 2.46 |
| C6H8O6 | ascorbic acid | vitamin C | 3.59 | 3.04 | 2.53 |
| C5H8O4 | methylsuccinic acid | 3.62 | 3.08 | 2.57 | |
| C7H6O2 | benzoic acid | 3.66 | 3.12 | 2.60 | |
| C4H6O4 | succinic acid | butanedioic acid | 3.65 | 3.12 | 2.61 |
| C3H4O2 | acrylic acid | propenoic acid | 3.68 | 3.14 | 2.63 |
| C8H8O2 | m-toluic acid | meta-toluic acid | 3.69 | 3.15 | 2.64 |
| C5H8O4 | glutaric acid | pentanedioic acid | 3.70 | 3.17 | 2.66 |
| C8H8O2 | phenylacetic acid | benzeneacetic acid | 3.70 | 3.17 | 2.66 |
| C8H8O2 | p-toluic acid | para-toluic acid | 3.73 | 3.20 | 2.69 |
| C8H8O4 | homogentistic acid | 3.74 | 3.21 | 2.70 | |
| C6H10O4 | adipic acid | hexanediodic acid | 3.74 | 3.22 | 2.71 |
| C7H6O5 | gallic acid | “3,4,5-trihydroxybenz.” | 3.75 | 3.22 | 2.71 |
| C9H8O2 | cinnamic acid | trans-cinnamic acid | 3.76 | 3.23 | 2.72 |
| C7H6O4 | protocatechuic acid | “3,4-dihydroxybenzoic” | 3.78 | 3.25 | 2.74 |
| C7H12O4 | pimelic acid | heptanedioic acid | 3.77 | 3.25 | 2.74 |
| C3H6O3 | 3-hydroxypropanoic | hydracrylic acid | 3.79 | 3.27 | 2.76 |
| C8H14O4 | suberic acid | octanedioic acid | 3.79 | 3.27 | 2.76 |
| C4H6O2 | crotonoic acid | 3-butenoic acid | 3.84 | 3.32 | 2.81 |
| C2H4O2 | acetic acid | ethanoic acid | 3.91 | 3.39 | 2.88 |
| C5H10O2 | isovaleric acid | isopentanoic acid | 3.92 | 3.40 | 2.89 |
| C4H8O2 | butanoic acid | butyric acid | 3.94 | 3.42 | 2.92 |
| C5H10O2 | valeric acid | pentanoic acid | 3.95 | 3.43 | 2.92 |
| C4H8O2 | isobutanoic acid | isobutyric acid | 3.96 | 3.44 | 2.93 |
| C6H12O2 | caproic acid | hexanoic acid | 3.95 | 3.43 | 2.93 |
| C3H6O2 | propanoic acid | propionic acid | 3.96 | 3.44 | 2.94 |
| C7H12O2 | cyclohexanecarboxylic | 3.97 | 3.46 | 2.95 | |
| C8H16O2 | octanoic acid | caprylic acid | 3.97 | 3.45 | 2.95 |
| C9H18O2 | nonanoic acid | pelargonic acid | 4.00 | 3.49 | 2.98 |
| C5H10O2 | pivalic acid | dimethylpropanoic acid | 4.04 | 3.52 | 3.02 |
| C6H6O | phenol | carbolic acid | 6.47 | 5.99 | 5.49 |
pH of Organic Salts – Sorted by Molecular Formula
| Formula | Name | 1 mM | 10 mM | 100 mM | 1000 mM |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (NH4)2C6H6O7 | diammonium hydrogen citrate | 5.48 | 5.29 | 5.04 | 6.16 |
| (NH4)3C6H5O7 | triammonium citrate | 7.50 | 7.40 | 7.32 | 8.18 |
| Ca(CH3COO)2 | calcium acetate | 8.00 | 8.43 | 8.77 | 9.13 |
| Ca(HCOO)2 | calcium formate | 7.51 | 7.92 | 8.24 | 8.47 |
| CaHC6H5O7 | calcium hydrogen citrate | 4.81 | 4.44 | 4.12 | 3.85 |
| Ca(C3H5O3)2 | calcium lactate | 7.56 | 7.97 | 8.28 | 8.50 |
| Fe(HCOO)2 | iron(II) formate | 6.82 | 6.89 | 7.03 | 7.21 |
| K2HC6H5O7 | dipotassium hydrogen citrate | 5.48 | 5.27 | 4.87 | 3.67 |
| K3C6H5O7 | tripotassium citrate | 8.59 | 8.90 | 9.01 | 7.47 |
| KCH3COO | potassium acetate | 7.87 | 8.33 | 8.75 | 9.06 |
| KHCOO | potassium formate | 7.40 | 7.83 | 8.25 | 8.58 |
| KH2C6H5O7 | potassium dihydrogen citrate | 4.07 | 3.87 | 3.71 | 3.54 |
| KC3H5O3 | potassium lactate | 7.45 | 7.89 | 8.30 | 8.62 |
| Mg(CH3COO)2 | magnesium acetate | 7.95 | 8.23 | 8.41 | 8.78 |
| Mg(HCOO)2 | magnesium formate | 7.46 | 7.73 | 7.90 | 8.06 |
| MgHC6H5O7 | magnesium hydrogen citrate | 4.79 | 4.40 | 4.08 | 3.79 |
| Mg(C3H5O3)2 | magnesium lactate | 7.52 | 7.78 | 7.94 | 8.09 |
| Na2HC6H5O7 | disodium hydrogen citrate | 5.48 | 5.28 | 4.88 | 3.72 |
| Na3C6H5O7 | trisodium citrate | 8.59 | 8.90 | 9.04 | 9.26 |
| NaCH3COO | sodium acetate | 7.87 | 8.33 | 8.75 | 9.04 |
| NaHCOO | sodium formate | 7.40 | 7.83 | 8.25 | 8.57 |
| NaH2C6H5O7 | sodium dihydrogen citrate | 4.07 | 3.87 | 3.71 | 3.48 |
| NaHC6H6O6 | sodium ascorbate | 7.48 | 7.71 | 7.64 | 7.62 |
| NaC3H5O3 | sodium lactate | 7.48 | 7.85 | 8.30 | 8.61 |
| NH4CH3COO | ammonium acetate | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 6.95 |
| NH4HCOO | ammonium formate | 6.53 | 6.50 | 6.49 | 6.45 |
| NH4C6H7O7 | ammonium dihydrogen citrate | 4.07 | 3.87 | 3.72 | 3.71 |
| NH4C6H7O6 | ammonium ascorbate | 6.66 | 6.64 | 6.64 | 6.59 |
| NH4C3H5O3 | ammonium lactate | 6.58 | 6.56 | 6.55 | 6.50 |
Remarks
Hydroxides are strong bases but have low solubility which confines the pH to an upper bound. This is achieved by including the corresponding solid phase into the equilibrium calculation.
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