The performance of an alkaline electrolyzer's cathode and anode depends on a number of factors, including:

 The performance of an alkaline electrolyzer's cathode and anode depends on a number of factors, including:

Electrode material

The material used for the cathode and anode can affect the electrolyzer's performance. For example, a cathode made of electrodeposited Ru nanoparticles on Cu nanoplatelet arrays can outperform NiFe hydroxide catalysts. Activated stainless steel can also be a good choice for the anode. 

Porosity of the cathode

A high-porosity cathode can help keep the cathode drier during electrolysis. This can improve cell performance. 

Current density

A high current density is required for economical production, but it can reduce efficiency by about 10%. 

Water concentration

The difference in water concentration between the anode and cathode can affect cell performance. 

Here are some other things to know about alkaline electrolyzers:

Electrolyte: Alkaline electrolyzers use an aqueous alkaline solution, such as 25–30 wt% NaOH or KOH, as an electrolyte. 

Reactions: The alkaline electrolysis process involves two half-cell reactions: hydrogen evolution at the cathode and oxygen evolution at the anode. 

Diaphragm: An anion-selective porous diaphragm separates the hydrogen and oxygen.