Here are some parameters that are commonly analyzed when testing raw water:
pH: A measure of how acidic or alkaline the water is. A pH of 7 is neutral, while water with a lower pH is more acidic and water with a higher pH is more alkaline.
Temperature: A measure of the average energy of water molecules. Temperature affects the amount of dissolved oxygen in water.
Dissolved oxygen: The amount of oxygen dissolved in water, which is important for aquatic organisms.
Turbidity: A measure of how cloudy the water is due to suspended particles like algae, sediment, and organic matter.
Electrical conductivity: A measure of how well the water conducts electricity.
Total coliform: An indicator of water contaminated with fecal matter.
Nitrogen: A nutrient that is essential for plant growth in aquatic ecosystems.
Metals: Possible contaminants like copper, iron, aluminum, lead, mercury, and zinc.
Ammonium: A source of nitrogen for bacteria, but water should not contain more than 0.1 mg/l.
Other parameters that may be analyzed include: Chemical oxygen demand (COD), ORP, Salinity, Alkalinity, and Total dissolved solids.
Water quality assessment can help with planning, utilization, and antipollution and conservation strategies.
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