What is a Confined Space Hazard?
A confined space hazard is any danger present inside a confined space that can cause injury, illness, or death.
Common Confined Space Hazards
1. Atmospheric Hazards (Most Dangerous)
Oxygen deficiency (below 19.5%)
Oxygen enrichment (fire risk)
Toxic gases (H₂S, CO, ammonia)
Flammable gases or vapors
2. Physical Hazards
Engulfment (grain, sand, liquids)
Slips, trips, and falls
Moving or rotating machinery
Extreme temperatures
Poor lighting
3. Chemical Hazards
Residual chemicals
Cleaning agents
Corrosive substances
4. Biological Hazards
Bacteria, fungi
Sewage-related pathogens
Why Confined Spaces Are So Dangerous
Limited escape routes
Poor ventilation
Rescue is difficult
Hazards can build up quickly
Many fatalities occur during unplanned rescue attempts.
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