🔊 What is Transformer Humming Noise?
Transformer humming is a normal audible sound produced when a transformer is energized. It is usually a low-frequency buzz at 50 Hz or 60 Hz (depending on supply frequency). While generally harmless, excessive hum can indicate a problem.
Magnetostriction (Main Cause)
Most important reason for humming
When AC voltage is applied, magnetic flux continuously changes direction in the transformer core.
The silicon steel core expands and contracts slightly with each cycle.
This expansion–contraction occurs twice per AC cycle, causing vibration.
Transformer humming is mainly caused by magnetostriction, supported by electromagnetic forces, mechanical vibration, and load variations.
✔️ Normal hum = Healthy transformer
❌ Loud or changing hum = Possible fault
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