Major Developments/Achievements of Ministry of Earth Sciences during 2016

Ministry of Earth Science30-December, 2016 15:36 IST

Major Developments/Achievements of Ministry of Earth Sciences during 2016

During 2016, many significant achievements have been made on providing weather and climate services. Many observational campaigns have been taken up as special atmospheric observations help us to understand model deficiencies and to improve the models. To address the issue of better measurement and understanding of small-scale processes that drive the variability, seasonality and predictability in the South Asian Monsoon, a large-scale joint India-UK observational campaign was carried out during the period June-July 2016. The campaign involved the deployment of UK’s BAe-146-301 atmospheric research aircraft with sophisticated scientific instruments and India’s Sagar Nidhi and Sindhu Sadhna research ships. An observational campaign to understand different physical features of Fog and factors responsible for its genesis, intensity and duration was initiated during December 2016 at the Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGIA) and at ICAR-IARI in New Delhi. These observations will be useful for improving model forecasts.

  

 

(a)                                                                (b)

(a)    Dr Harsh Vardhan, Dr Alexander Evans and UK & Indian scientists with the Research Aircraft to study monsoon variability. (b) Tether Sonde Balloon Observations up to 1000 m were taken during 3 to 23 January, 2016.

 A high resolution global deterministic weather prediction model has been commissioned for generating operational weather forecasts at a horizontal resolution of 12km. With this, MoES has attained the same capability as in USA in using high resolution weather prediction models. Many major improvements have been made in data assimilation for the ingestion of data from the Indian and International satellites in numerical models.

 Under the Monsoon Mission, operational dynamical model systems have been implemented for extended range and seasonal forecasts. For the first time, forecasts on different time scales during the hot weather season (April to May) including heat waves were issued by the India Meteorological Department. 

 The Climate Centre at IMD Pune has been now recognized as the Regional Climate Centre by the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) for providing regional climate services. A State-of-the-art Earth System Model(ESM) has been implemented to study the climate change aspects and develop future regional climate change scenarios at 25 km resolution and conduct climate impact assessment studies. The ESM will be the first climate model from India to contribute to the forthcoming sixth IPCC climate change assessment process.

 The quality of weather services saw noticeable improvements achieved in skills of Heavy Rainfall Forecasts and tropical cyclone forecasts. Presently around 19.5 C million farmers are being directly benefitted by the agro-meteorological services of IMD. For the recent cyclone Vardah, accurate predictions were provided almost 3 days in advance, helping to save thousands of lives.

 The Indian Tsunami Early Warning Centre (ITEWC) monitored 29 earthquakes of magnitude ≥ 6.5 MW during the period 1 January - 31 October 2016. Out of these 29 earthquakes, 2 significant earthquakes have occurred in the Indian Ocean region. These earthquakes could not generate any Tsunami and hence no threat bulletins were issued for India.

 INCOIS continued to provide forecasts on the state of the oceans, the PFZ advisories and species specific advisories for a wide spectrum of users. The ocean state forecasts were also provided before and during the launch day of Re-usable Launch Vehicle Technology Demonstration (RLV-TD) of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), and also to the research vessel Sagar Manjusha from Chennai to the landing point of RLV in the Bay of Bengal.

 On 27^th July 2016, Dr. Harsh Vardhan, Hon’ble Minister of Science & Technology and Earth Sciences dedicated the Search and Rescue Aid Tool (SARAT) to the Nation during the XV National Maritime Search and Rescue (NMSAR) Board.  In addition, an experimental version of SARAT was used to provide Search And Rescue support to all the concerned in connection with the missing AN 32 aircraft, which was reportedly missing off Chennai on 22 July 2016.

 

SARAT- The Search And Rescue Aid Tool dedicated to the Nation during the XV National Maritime Search and Rescue (NMSAR) Board meeting held in Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi on 27 July 2016.

To facilitate the indication of eco-sensitive zones, potential fishing zones, fishing avoidance zone during the event of oil spill,  the third version of online oil spill advisory was inaugurated at the 21^st National Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan (NOSDCP) meeting held at India International Centre, Delhi on 5 August 2016.

 In 2016, INCOIS deployed 23 ARGO floats in the Indian Ocean having sensors to collect the physical parameters, of which 11 were equipped with both physical and biogeochemical sensors.  Currently, over 732 active floats are actively working in the Indian Ocean of which 136 were deployed by India. So far, more than 340856 temperature and salinity profiles, 18993 dissolved oxygen and 7614 Chlorophyll profiles were collected by Argo floats in the Indian regions.

 

Total number of floats deployed by India since 1 January 2016.  Blue dots indicate Bio Argo floats and red dots indicate standard T/S floats.  (b) Total Active floats in the Indian Ocean.  Red dots indicate all active floats deployed by other countries while blue dots indicate all active floats deployed by India.  (c)  Yearly progress of Argo floats profiles in the Indian Ocean. Blue indicates CTD profiles, red indicates Dissolved oxygen profiles and green indicates chlorophyll profiles. X-axis represents number of profiles.

Ocean Moored buoy Network in the Indian Ocean (OMNI) has been systematically maintaining the twelve deep sea buoy systems with surface & subsurface sensors, four coastal buoys and two tsunami buoys. During the reporting period 14 cruises were conducted to carry out 41 deployments/retrievals.  Over 172 ship days were utilized to cover a distance of 11,800nm, for completing the task including deployment of SAIC Tsunami buoy systems in May-June 2016 and the Indo-UK cruise under the BOBBLE programme in July 2016.

The national seismological network consisting of 82 observatories has been functioning smoothly and a total of 245 earthquake events occurred in and around India (Latitude 0-40° N, Longitude 60-100° E) were detected and auto-located during the period November 2015 October, 2016.  These include 40 events of magnitude 5 and above. Information pertaining to significant events were transmitted to all concerned state and central government agencies, dealing with relief and rescue operations in the region and also posted on the website. Currently the second phase of upgardation is on which envisages installation of 32 new stations and upgradation of 6 existing stations. It is expected that by the end of the year 2017, a total of 116 stations will be part of the national network. These observatories are being integrated with Operational Centre through VSAT communication facility established under the Integrated Seismic and GPS Network (ISGN).

 Seismic micro-zonation is the process of estimating the response of soil layers under earthquake excitations and thus the variation of earthquake characteristics on the ground surface.  In order to undertake micro-zonation, studies of 30 selected cities, falling in seismic zone V, IV, III and State Capitals has been initiated. As a part of this exercise, Micro-zonation of Delhi has been completed based on Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA).

 Scientific Deep Drilling in Koyna which started in 2016 is aimed at setting up of borehole observatory (s) at depth for directly measuring the in-situ physical properties of the rocks, pore-fluid pressure, hydrological parameters, temperature and other parameters of an intra-plate, active fault zone in the near field of earthquakes - before, during and after their occurrence, leading to a better understanding of the mechanics of faulting, physics of reservoir triggered earthquakes and preparing a predictive model.

 Borehole Geophysics Research Laboratory (BGRL), Karad has undertaken scientific deep drilling and associated investigations in the Koyna seismic zone, Maharashtra.. A Drilling Information System (DIS) has been configured and tested, specifically, for the Koyna drilling project in collaboration with ICDP. The key capabilities of DIS are: (i) Storage of the drilling, geological and geophysical data acquired during an experiment using documented procedures, formats and standards, (ii) Generation of metadata, quality control and data security and, (iii) Archival of the data for the future research activities.

 

 

 Dr. Harsh Vardhan, Hon’ble Union Minister, Science & Technology and Earth Sciences at Bhoomi Pujan ceremony of BGRL on Feb 1, 2016 at Hazarmachi, Karad, Maharashtra.

 The 35^th Indian Scientific expedition to Antarctica was executed with a total of 124 expedition members representing 29 different organizations with 34 projects covering upper atmosphere, astrophysics, geophysics, meteorology, glaciology, geology, biology, environmental sciences, human physiology and medicine. Yoga was introduced as part of a scientific programme.The 36^th expedition members were sent in different batches, commencing November 2016. Total 31 sub-projects/studies would cover (i) Atmospheric Science & Meteorology, (ii) Biology & Environmental Sciences (iii) Earth Science & Glaciology with the overall theme being the “Climate Change”.

 National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR), Goa, under the Ministry of Earth Sciences established a high altitude research station in Himalaya called HIMANSH (literally meaning, a slice of ice), situated above 13,500 ft (> 4000 m) at a remote region in Spiti, Himachal Pradesh. This station is equipped with instruments such as Automatic Weather Station, Water Level Recorder, Steam Drill, Snow/Ice Corer, Ground Penetrating Radar, Differential Global positioning System, Snow Fork, Flow Tracker, Thermister string, Radiometer etc. Water Level Recorders were installed at five locations along with a stretch of 130 km of Chandra River in Western Himalaya for hydrological balance/modeling. Glaciers were monitored for mass balance, dynamics, energy balance and hydrology.

Field Research Station “Himansh” at Sutri Dhaka, Chandra basin, H.P

Under the Arctic observations program, the Indian Arctic mooring (IndARC-II) was retrieved on 26^th July 2016, following which IndARC III was re-deployed successfully on 27^th July 2016.  The Ambient Noise Measurement System with a single hydrophone and a data acquisition system was deployed on IndARC-II. The IndARC-II collected more than 116 parameters and worked continuously for 373 days in the Arctic waters. During the year, 17 projects covering different aspects oceanography, atmospheric sciences, geology and glaciology were implemented at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, Norway.

IndARC-II in the Arctic

 IX^th Southern Ocean Expedition was launched on-board Oceanographic Research Vessel MV Agulhas [South African vessel] from Port Louis, Mauritius during December, 2016. The observations will be made upto Prydz Bay, the coastal waters of India's third station in Antarctica "Bharati'.

 Ministry of Earth Sciences signed a 15-year contract with the International Seabed Authority (ISA), for exploration of Poly-Metallic Sulphides (PMS) in Indian Ocean. The contract was signed by Dr. M Rajeevan, Secretary, MoES and Mr. Nii Allotey Odunton, Secretary General, ISA. The ISA is an institution set up under the Convention on Law of the Sea to which India is a Party.

 Ministry of Earth Sciences submitted an application to International Seabed Authority for extension of contract for exploration of Polymetallic Nodules (PMN) for a further period of 5 years (2017-22). The contract signed with International Seabed of Authority for exploration of Polymetallic Nodules on 25^th March 2002 is expiring on 24^th March 2017. The PMN programme is oriented towards exploration and development of technologies for eventual extraction of nodules lying on the seabed at 4000 to 6000 m water depth from the Central Indian Ocean Basin (CIOB) allocated to India by UN. India is presently having an area of 75,000 square km, located about 2000 km away from her southern tip.

 Indigenously developed 500 m depth rated shallow water/polar remotely operated vehicle (PROVe) was successfully deployed, in the Andaman coral Islands and the vehicle was successfully maneuvered in the undulating reef terrain to record high quality underwater visuals of coral reef biodiversity with spectral irradiance.

 

Remotely Operated Vehicle

 India signed a MoU with Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Japan. The advancement of academic research in the field of Earth Sciences for   the benefit of the peace and human welfare is the prime objective of the MOU.

 India became a member of the International Energy Agency- Ocean Energy Systems (IEA-OES) through signing of the Implementing Agreement. By becoming a member of the IEA-OES, India will have access to advanced R&D teams and technologies across the world.

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RDS/nb

(Release ID :155996)

Successful maiden test flights of Reusable Launch Vehicle and SCRAMJET

Department of Space29-December, 2016 16:22 IST

Year End review: Department of Space

An unprecedented seven missions launched, all successful

Successful maiden test flights of Reusable Launch Vehicle and SCRAMJET

The year 2016 was very eventful for the Indian space programme which scored very prominent and significant successes in launch vehicle, satellite, applications and space exploration domains.  The year saw an unprecedented seven launch vehicle missions all of which were successful.  Eight ISRO satellites, four student satellites and 22 foreign satellites were launched by these missions. The year 2016 also saw two successful advanced launch vehicle technology initiatives of ISRO – the Reusable Launch Vehicle-Technology Demonstrator (RLV-TD) and SCRAMJET technology demonstrator – which had their maiden test flights.  Additionally, the highly successful Mars Orbiter Spacecraft of India completed two years in its orbit around Mars and India's ASTROSAT multi-wavelength observatory successfully completed one year in orbit.

Launch Vehicle and Satellite Missions of ISRO:

1.1.       PSLV-C31/IRNSS-1E Mission: In this flight, the workhorse launch vehicle PSLV launched IRNSS-1E, the fifth satellite of the Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System (IRNSS) constellation, on January 20, 2016. 

1.2.       PSLV-C32/IRNSS-1F Mission: In this flight, which was its 34th, PSLV launched IRNSS-1F, the sixth satellite of the Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System (IRNSS) constellation, on March 10, 2016. 

1.3.       PSLV-C33/IRNSS-1G Mission: In this flight, PSLV launched the seventh and the last satellite IRNSS-1G of the Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System (IRNSS) constellation on April 28, 2016.  With this, the space segment of the IRNSS is fully deployed. IRNSS signals are now available and trials with the receiver system are in progress. The Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi dedicated IRNSS to the nation as ‘NavIC’ (Navigation Indian Constellation). This is an independent regional navigation satellite system designed to provide position information in the Indian region and 1500 km around the Indian mainland. IRNSS provides two types of services, namely, Standard Positioning Services (SPS) - provided to all users and Restricted Services (RS) - provided to authorised users only.

1.4.       Reusable Launch Vehicle – Technology Demonstrator (RLV-TD): India’s first winged body aerospace vehicle, RLV-TD i.e. Reusable Launch Vehicle-Technology Demonstrator (RLV-TD), was successfully flight tested on May 23, 2016.         From the peak altitude of 65 km, RLV-TD began its descent followed by atmospheric re-entry at around Mach 5 (five times the speed of sound). After successfully surviving a high temperature of re-entry, RLV-TD successfully glided down to the defined landing spot over Bay of Bengal. In this flight, critical technologies such as autonomous navigation, guidance & control, reusable thermal protection system and re-entry mission management were successfully validated.

1.5.       PSLV-C34/Cartosat-2 Series Mission: On June 22, 2016, PSLV-C34 successfully launched 20 satellites in a single mission. It included India’s CARTOSAT-2 series of satellite (weighing 727 kg) as primary payload and two academic institutes’ satellites, namely, SWAYAM and SATHYABAMASAT and 17 satellites (total weighing 555 kg) of foreign customers from Canada, Germany, Indonesia and USA as co-passengers.

1.6.       GSLV-F05/ INSAT-3DR Mission: On September 08, 2016, GSLV-F05, India's Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle, equipped with the indigenous Cryogenic Upper Stage (CUS), successfully launched the country's weather satellite INSAT-3DR. INSAT-3DR is a follow-on meteorological satellite to INSAT-3D. This launch is significant, considering that fact that this is the third consecutive success of the indigenous CUS, which signified the country’s successful assimilation of the complex cryogenic rocket propulsion.

The satellite carries two meteorological payloads, viz., 6 channel imager & 19 channel sounder. It also carries a Data Relay Transponder (DRT) and Satellite Aided Search and Rescue (SA&R) payload to provide continuity to INSAT SA&R services. The satellite has started providing services to the weather and meteorological community in tandem with INSAT 3D that is already in the orbit. By virtue of these 2 satellites in orbit, the country gets weather updates every 15 minutes which is yet another unique service from space.      

1.7.       Successful Flight Testing of ISRO's Scramjet Engine Technology Demonstrator: The first experimental mission of ISRO’s Scramjet Engine towards the realisation of an Air Breathing Propulsion System was successfully conducted on August 28, 2016 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre SHAR, Sriharikota. The Scramjet engine designed by ISRO uses Hydrogen as fuel and the Oxygen from the atmospheric air as the oxidiser. This marked the maiden short duration experimental test of ISRO’s Scramjet engine with a hypersonic flight at Mach 6. ISRO’s Advanced Technology Vehicle (ATV), which is an advanced sounding rocket, was the solid rocket booster used for the test of Scramjet engines at supersonic conditions.  ATV carrying Scramjet engines weighed 3277 kg at lift-off.

India is the fourth country to demonstrate the flight testing of Scramjet Engine. The successful technology demonstration of air-breathing Scramjet engines in flight by ISRO during the year was a modest yet important milestone in its endeavour to design and develop advanced air breathing engines including engines for ISRO’s future space transportation system

2.            PSLV-C35/SCATSAT-1: By successfully launching SCATSAT-1 satellite carrying a scatterometer for wind vector measurement into the required polar Sun Synchronous Orbit in its PSLV-C35 mission on September 26, 2016, the PSLV facilitated continuity to Oceansat-2 Scatterometer, which completed its service in March 2014.  The wind vector at sea surface information facilitated by SCATSAT-1 is used in weather prediction models and helps in accurate prediction of cyclone track.  This launch of PSLV had yet another unique achievement of placing satellites in 2 different orbits and also the longest of the missions that lasted for more than 2 hrs 15 mins after lift-off. In this mission, engine multiple restart experiment of upper stage of PSLV was also demonstrated.

2.1.       PSLV-C36/Resourcesat-2A: In its 38^th flight, PSLV successfully launched RESOURCESAT-2A satellite on December 07, 2016 into an 822 km polar Sun Synchronous Orbit.  This was PSLV’s 37^th consecutive success.  The 1235 kg RESOURCESAT-2A is a follow on mission to Resourcesat-2 and intended to ensure data continuity to the users for land and water resources applications. The satellite is configured with three-tier imaging capability consisting of three solid-state cameras, viz., LISS-IV, LISS-III and an Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS). 

2.2.       GSAT-18: The 3405 kg  communication satellite GSAT-18, launched on October 06, 2016 by European Ariane V, carries a total of 48 transponders in Ku-band, C-band and Ext C-band for providing continuity of services and has further augmented the transponder capacity.

3.                       Disaster Management Support (DMS):

3.1.       Uttarakhand Forest Fire: The Uttarakhand state witnessed episodic fire incidents during the last two weeks of April 2016.  Recurrence of fire incidences is common in the hilly state in summer season. Satellite data based temperature anomalies were used for the detection of active fire locations. About 1600 active forest fire locations were recorded during 24^th April to 4^th May 2016. The burnt area was also assessed using Satellite data. The information on a near-real time basis was disseminated to Forest Survey of India, State Forest Departments, NDMA and SMS on fire alerts were sent to the identified forest officials of Uttarakhand. All Fire alerts were also published on BHUVAN geoportal. The most affected districts were Nainital, Pithoragarh, Champawat, Almora, Pauri and Tehri Garhwal.

3.2.       Floods occurred in Assam and Manipur states during 2016. Three waves of floods were reported in Assam; first during fourth week of April, 2016, second on 21st June, 2016 and third on 4th July, 2016. Lakhimpur, Jorhat, Sibsagar, Charaideo, Dhemaji and Karbi Anglong districts were affected.  Heavy pre-monsoon rains lashed Manipur during the last week of April 2016 and Imphal, Thoubal and Bishnupur districts were reported to be affected. The information on flood inundation was disseminated to the Central and respective State Government departments, State Relief Commissioners and nodal Ministries.

4.            Mars Orbiter Mission: India’s first inter-planetary mission completed two years in its orbit around Mars. The health parameters of Mars Orbiter spacecraft are normal and all the five payloads are sending useful data. The Mars Colour Camera has produced more than 530 images so far, one of which has appeared on the cover page of the November 2016 issue of the National Geographic Magazine. The spacecraft successfully negotiated ‘whiteout’ geometry during May 18 - 30, 2016 using onboard autonomy. The archived data is now made public for free download and scientific research through ISRO’s website. More than 1.75 Lakh hits and about 40 GB data was downloaded in just 2 weeks. ISRO has also launched MOM Announcement of Opportunity (AO) programmes for researchers in the country to use the MOM data for R&D. The success of Mars Orbiter Mission has showcased India’s technical capability in exploring planetary bodies and has motivated India’s student and research community in a big way.

5.            ASTROSAT Mission: ASTROSAT, India’s first multi-wavelength observatory has completed one year in orbit as of September 2016.  An Announcement of Opportunity (AO) was made in June 2016 for Indian researchers to explore the universe using data from ASTROSAT.  As a part of one year completion of ASTROSAT in orbit, a one-day workshop was organised at Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA), Pune on Sept 29, 2016, to highlight the technical and scientific achievements of this satellite. The first scientific set of results and the future scope of the satellite were presented during the meeting.

6.            Space technology based tools in Governance & Development: Space technology applications, derived through synergistic use of earth observation, communication & navigation satellites and complemented with ground-based observations, play a key role in harnessing the benefits of space technology for socio-economic development in the country and improving the quality of life of citizens.

Satellite-based Earth Observation is a cost effective means of obtaining essential and reliable data on our Earth. Such data on natural resources have become an integral part of planning and implementation of action plans for managing land & water resources, developing urban & rural infrastructure, monitoring weather & climate, protecting environment including disaster risk reduction. The capabilities of satellite communication are also exploited for delivering societal applications towards education & health, connectivity, skill development and livelihood sustenance. Space technology-based applications & tools are being increasingly used in governance and development for enabling planning, periodic monitoring, mid-course correction, evaluation of developmental activities and scientific decision making in various sectors right from agriculture, urban & rural planning to disaster risk reduction.

Department of Space is working closely with various Central Ministries/Departments and State Governments towards maximizing the use of space technology in the various areas viz. Natural Resources Management, Energy & Infrastructure, Disaster & Early Warning, Communication & Navigation, e-Governance & Geo-spatial Governance and Societal Services. Many flagship programmes namely, Atal Mission for Rejuvenation & Urban Transformation; Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana; Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana; National Mission for Clean Ganga, Digital India & MGNREGA are also utilizing space-based tools.

ISRO is focusing on providing assured services through data continuity, improved connectivity & location-based services and enabling proactive user engagement through institutionalisation of space applications and capacity building. In a nutshell, ISRO is enabling the space applications in tune with the requirements of Ministries/Departments to enhance functional effectiveness, facilitate planning and decision making to improve governance and development.

7.            Follow-up Actions on National Meet for Application of Space Technology & Tools: Out of the 160 projects emerged as an outcome of the national meet, work was initiated in 144 projects. In about 60 projects, significant progress has been made in terms of development of methodology, web and mobile applications, training and execution of work. About 75 customised web applications and 50 mobile applications were deployed. MoUs were signed with Central Ministries/Departments as well as the State Governments. Based on the request of the Ministries/ Departments for capacity building, more than 9,000 officials were trained. Additionally, Outreach programmes were also conducted in Colleges and Schools. State Meets on ‘Promoting space technology -based tools’ were completed for many States.

8.            International Cooperation: As part of the ongoing civil space cooperation, cooperative Agreements/MoUs were signed with UAE space agency (February 2016); US Geological Survey (July 2016); Afghanistan (September 2016); Vietnam (September 2016); Russia (October 2016) Japan (November 2016) and NASA of USA (November 2016). India hosted the two international events, viz., i) UN/India workshop on “Use of earth observation data in disaster management and risk reduction: sharing the Asian experience” in Hyderabad in March 2016 and ii) 10^th SPIE-Asia Pacific Remote Sensing Symposium (APRS) in New Delhi in April 2016. ISRO along with French space agency hosted a meeting of heads of space agencies on April, 03, 2016 in New Delhi to highlight the importance of space inputs for climate change studies. Space Agencies of India and Mexico organised a joint workshop in Mexico on use of space technology for disaster management in July 2016. Bilateral space cooperation meetings were organised with delegations of Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, France, Germany, Japan, Russia, Switzerland, Sri Lanka, the Netherlands, UK and USA.

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KSD/PK/KM

(Release ID :155958)

Local Weather Report and Forecast For: Kakinada Dated :Dec 31, 2016

Local Weather Report and Forecast For: Kakinada    Dated :Dec 31, 2016

Past 24 Hours Weather Data Maximum Temp(oC) (Recorded. on 31/12/16) 30.0 Departure from Normal(oC) 1 Minimum Temp (oC) (Recorded. on 31/12/16) 22.3 Departure from Normal(oC) 1 24 Hours Rainfall (mm) (Recorded from 0830 hrs IST of yesterday to 0830 hrs IST of today) NIL Todays Sunset (IST) 17:38 Tommorows Sunrise (IST) 06:30 Moonset (IST) 19:32 Moonrise (IST) 07:52

7 Day's Forecast Date Min Temp Max Temp Weather 31-Dec 22.0 30.0 Fog/mist in the morning and mainly clear sky later 01-Jan 22.0 31.0 Fog/mist in the morning and mainly clear sky later 02-Jan 22.0 31.0 Fog/mist in the morning and mainly clear sky later 03-Jan 20.0 31.0 Fog/mist in the morning and mainly clear sky later 04-Jan 20.0 31.0 Fog/mist in the morning and mainly clear sky later 05-Jan 21.0 31.0 Fog or Mist 06-Jan 21.0 31.0 Fog or Mist

 

WISHING ONE ANDALL VERY HAPPY NEW YEAR

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EHSQ (Environment,Health,Safety and Quality) Edit

Description

Promotion of Environment, Health Safety and Quality for Good Governance of good govt., Organization, Company, Industry, Institution DEDICATED TO NAGARJUNA GROUP (NFCL, NOCL, NACL) WE ARE HIGHLY THANKFUL TO Shri KS RAJU SIR- CHAIRMAN, Shri RAHUL RAJU SIR -MANAGING DIRECTOR , Shri P.P. SIGH -retired and Shri RS NANDA SIR, Shri R. RAGHAVAN, Shri GVS ANAND, Shri. VK GROVER,Shri S SUNDER, Shri PC MOHAN, SHRI GVRK RAJU,Shri JK PRASAD ,Shri PHN REDDY, Shri BHSN RAJU AND ASSOCIATES  New Year Wishes in Indian Regional Languages  Language  Happy New Year Bengali  Shuvo Nabo Barsho Gujarati       Nutan Varshbhinandan Hindi            Nav varsh ka shubkamnayein Kannada     Hosa Varushadha Shubhashayagalu  Marathi         Nveen Varshachy Shubhechcha Malayalam Puthuvatsara Aashamsakal Punjabi      Nave sal di mubarakan Sindhi         Nayou Saal Mubbarak Hoje Tamil        Eniya Puthandu Nalvazhthukkal Telegu Noothana samvatsara shubhakankshalu India - One Country, Many Religions India is a diverse country in terms of religion, culture, traditions and beliefs. Indians worship many gods and goddesses and have several festivals dedicated to the birth, death or incidents that transpired in the lives of those divine deities. India is believed to be the birth place of – Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism, the most prevalent religions in the country. All the segments and divisions present in India have faith and beliefs in one or the other God based on their cults and religions. There are temples, churches, mosques and other places of worship in nearly every city, town, and even the rural areas of India depending on the population of a particular religion in that area. The Hindu population in India is 80.5% being the most predominant religion, followed by Islam – 13.4%, Christianity – 2.3%, Sikhism – 1.9%, Buddhism – 0.8% and finally Jainism – 0.4%, respectively. Hinduism is the most widespread religion of India, with thousands of gods and goddesses, usually referred to as “Devi” for goddesses and “Deva” or “Devta” for gods. Idol worship of these deities is a prevalent factor of Hinduism. Hindus believe that there is only one god – Para-Brahma, or Vishnu and all the other gods and goddesses are His manifestations. Vishnu, Brahma and Shiva are the three superior Gods referred to as Trimurti, Vishnu – the creator of the universe and all its beings, Brahma – the preserver, and Shiva - the destroyer. Para-Shakti in Hinduism denotes a power of Para-Brahma and this is represented by goddesses in Hinduism based on their superiority – Lakshmi, Parvati, Durga are all manifestations of Parashakti. Sikhism, Jainism and Buddhism are all said to be born from Hinduism, but follow a different set of beliefs and rituals than Hinduism. Islam is based on the teachings of Prophet Mohammad, who heard whispers and received vibrations from God. Whatever messages the Prophet received from Allah, is recorded in the Hadith and this forms the basis of Islam. Quran – the holy book of Islam is believed to be the final and ultimate version of Allah’s words as reciprocated by Mohammad. There is no idol worship in Islam and mosques are their worship places. Christianity in India is believed to be introduced by Thomas the Apostle, who visited Kerala in 52 CE and baptized the Jewish settlement, known as Saint Thomas Christians. Christianity has been in India since the early 3rd century AD and Roman Catholicism, Oriental Orthodox and Protestants are all present in India. Saying “Happy New Year!” Around the World Ways to say "Happy New Year" in such languages as Arabic, Chinese (Cantonese and Mandarin), French, Hebrew, Korean, Swedish, Vietnamese, and more. Language Happy New Year! Afrikaans Voorspoedige nuwe jaar Arabic Kul 'am wa antum bikhair Basque Urte Berri on Bengali Shuvo noboborsho Chinese (Cantonese) Sun nien fai lok Chinese (Mandarin) Xin nian yu kuai Czech Stastny Novy Rok Danish Godt NytÅr Dutch Gelukkig nieuwjaar Esperanto Bonan Novjaron Finnish Onnellista uutta vuotta French Bonne année German Ein glückliches neues Jahr Greek Eutychismenos o kainourgios chronos Hawaiian Hauoli Makahiki hou Hebrew Shana Tova Hungarian Boldog uj evet Indonesian (Bahasa) Selamat Tahun Baru Italian Felice Anno Nuovo or Buon anno Japanese Akemashite Omedetou Gozaimasu Korean Sehe Bokmanee Bateuseyo Laotian (Hmong) Nyob Zoo Xyoo Tshiab Latin Felix sit annus novus Nigerian (Hausa) Barka da sabuwar shekara Norwegian Godt Nytt År Philippines (Tagalog) Manigong Bagong Taon Polish Szczesliwego Nowego Roku Romanian La Multi Ani si Un An Nou Fericit Samoan Ia manuia le Tausaga Fou Spanish Feliz año nuevo Swahili Heri za Mwaka Mpya Swedish Gott Nytt År Thai Sawatdee Pi Mai Vietnamese Chuc mung nam moi Welsh Blwyddyn Newydd Dda