Local Weather Report and Forecast For: Kakinada Dated :Apr 28, 2015
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| Today's Forecast:Sky Condition would be partly cloudy. Rain/thundershowers may occur in parts of city. Maximum and Minimum Temperatures would be around 38 & 27 Degrees Celsius respectively. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Actual | Average | Record | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Temperature | |||
| Mean Temperature | 32 °C | - | |
| Max Temperature | 37 °C | - | - () |
| Min Temperature | 27 °C | - | - () |
| Cooling Degree Days | 25 | ||
| Growing Degree Days | 40 (Base 50) | ||
| Moisture | |||
| Dew Point | 25 °C | ||
| Average Humidity | 66 | ||
| Maximum Humidity | 81 | ||
| Minimum Humidity | 41 | ||
| Precipitation | |||
| Precipitation | 0.0 mm | - | - () |
| Sea Level Pressure | |||
| Sea Level Pressure | 1009.00 hPa | ||
| Wind | |||
| Wind Speed | 2 km/h () | ||
| Max Wind Speed | 7 km/h | ||
| Max Gust Speed | - | ||
| Visibility | 7.0 kilometers | ||
| Events | |||
| T = Trace of Precipitation, MM = Missing Value | Source: Averaged Metar Reports |
Daily Weather History Graph
Monthly
Max
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Avg
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Min
|
Sum
|
|
Temperature
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||||
Max Temperature
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38 °C
|
35 °C
|
29 °C
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|
Mean Temperature
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33 °C
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30 °C
|
28 °C
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|
Min Temperature
|
29 °C
|
25 °C
|
23 °C
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Degree Days
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||||
Heating Degree Days (base 65)
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0
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0
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0
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0
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Cooling Degree Days (base 65)
|
26
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22
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16
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625
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Growing Degree Days (base 50)
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42
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37
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32
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1063
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Dew Point
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||||
Dew Point
|
28 °C
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25 °C
|
20 °C
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Precipitation
|
||||
Precipitation
|
4.0 mm
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0.4 mm
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0.0 mm
|
10.30 mm
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Snowdepth
|
-
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-
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-
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-
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Wind
|
||||
Wind
|
9 km/h
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1 km/h
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0 km/h
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Gust Wind
|
-
|
-
|
-
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Sea Level Pressure
|
||||
Sea Level Pressure
|
1015 hPa
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1010 hPa
|
1002 hPa
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Monthly
Weather History Graph
Why
should we pay attention to housekeeping at work?
Effective housekeeping can eliminate some workplace hazards
and help get a job done safely and properly. Poor housekeeping can frequently
contribute to accidents by hiding hazards that cause injuries. If the sight of
paper, debris, clutter and spills is accepted as normal, then other more
serious health and safety hazards may be taken for granted.
Housekeeping is not just cleanliness. It includes keeping work areas neat and orderly; maintaining halls and floors free of slip and trip hazards; and removing of waste materials (e.g., paper, cardboard) and other fire hazards from work areas. It also requires paying attention to important details such as the layout of the whole workplace, aisle marking, the adequacy of storage facilities, and maintenance. Good housekeeping is also a basic part of accident and fire prevention.
Effective housekeeping is an ongoing operation: it is not a hit-and-miss cleanup done occasionally. Periodic "panic" cleanups are costly and ineffective in reducing accidents.
Housekeeping is not just cleanliness. It includes keeping work areas neat and orderly; maintaining halls and floors free of slip and trip hazards; and removing of waste materials (e.g., paper, cardboard) and other fire hazards from work areas. It also requires paying attention to important details such as the layout of the whole workplace, aisle marking, the adequacy of storage facilities, and maintenance. Good housekeeping is also a basic part of accident and fire prevention.
Effective housekeeping is an ongoing operation: it is not a hit-and-miss cleanup done occasionally. Periodic "panic" cleanups are costly and ineffective in reducing accidents.
What
is the purpose of workplace housekeeping?
Poor housekeeping can be a cause of
accidents, such as:
- tripping over loose objects on floors, stairs and platforms
- being hit by falling objects
- slipping on greasy, wet or dirty surfaces
- striking against projecting, poorly stacked items or misplaced material
- cutting, puncturing, or tearing the skin of hands or other parts of the body on projecting nails, wire or steel strapping
To avoid these hazards, a workplace must
"maintain" order throughout a workday. Although this effort requires
a great deal of management and planning, the benefits are many.
What
are some benefits of good housekeeping practices?
Effective housekeeping results in:
- reduced handling to ease the flow of materials
- fewer tripping and slipping accidents in clutter-free and spill-free work areas
- decreased fire hazards
- lower worker exposures to hazardous substances (e.g. dusts, vapours)
- better control of tools and materials, including inventory and supplies
- more efficient equipment cleanup and maintenance
- better hygienic conditions leading to improved health
- more effective use of space
- reduced property damage by improving preventive maintenance
- less janitorial work
- improved morale
- improved productivity (tools and materials will be easy to find)
How
do I plan a good housekeeping program?
A good housekeeping program plans
and manages the orderly storage and movement of materials from point of entry
to exit. It includes a material flow plan to ensure minimal handling. The plan
also ensures that work areas are not used as storage areas by having workers
move materials to and from work areas as needed. Part of the plan could include
investing in extra bins and more frequent disposal.
The costs of this investment could be offset by the elimination of repeated handling of the same material and more effective use of the workers' time. Often, ineffective or insufficient storage planning results in materials being handled and stored in hazardous ways. Knowing the plant layout and the movement of materials throughout the workplace can help plan work procedures.
Worker training is an essential part of any good housekeeping program. Workers need to know how to work safely with the products they use. They also need to know how to protect other workers such as by posting signs (e.g., "Wet - Slippery Floor") and reporting any unusual conditions.
Housekeeping order is "maintained" not "achieved." Cleaning and organization must be done regularly, not just at the end of the shift. Integrating housekeeping into jobs can help ensure this is done. A good housekeeping program identifies and assigns responsibilities for the following:
The costs of this investment could be offset by the elimination of repeated handling of the same material and more effective use of the workers' time. Often, ineffective or insufficient storage planning results in materials being handled and stored in hazardous ways. Knowing the plant layout and the movement of materials throughout the workplace can help plan work procedures.
Worker training is an essential part of any good housekeeping program. Workers need to know how to work safely with the products they use. They also need to know how to protect other workers such as by posting signs (e.g., "Wet - Slippery Floor") and reporting any unusual conditions.
Housekeeping order is "maintained" not "achieved." Cleaning and organization must be done regularly, not just at the end of the shift. Integrating housekeeping into jobs can help ensure this is done. A good housekeeping program identifies and assigns responsibilities for the following:
- clean up during the shift
- day-to-day cleanup
- waste disposal
- removal of unused materials
- inspection to ensure cleanup is complete
Do not forget out-of-the-way places such as shelves, basements,
sheds, and boiler rooms that would otherwise be overlooked. The orderly
arrangement of operations, tools, equipment and supplies is an important part
of a good housekeeping program.
The final addition to any housekeeping program is inspection. It is the only way to check for deficiencies in the program so that changes can be made.
The final addition to any housekeeping program is inspection. It is the only way to check for deficiencies in the program so that changes can be made.
What
are the elements of an effective housekeeping program?
Dust
and Dirt Removal
In some jobs, enclosures and exhaust
ventilation systems may fail to collect dust, dirt and chips adequately. Vacuum
cleaners are suitable for removing light dust and dirt. Industrial models have
special fittings for cleaning walls, ceilings, ledges, machinery, and other
hard-to-reach places where dust and dirt may accumulate.
Special-purpose vacuums are useful for removing hazardous substances. For example, vacuum cleaners fitted with HEPA (high efficiency particulate air) filters may be used to capture fine particles of asbestos or fibreglass.
Dampening (wetting) floors or using sweeping compounds before sweeping reduces the amount of airborne dust. The dust and grime that collect in places like shelves, piping, conduits, light fixtures, reflectors, windows, cupboards and lockers may require manual cleaning.
Compressed air should not be used for removing dust, dirt or chips from equipment or work surfaces.
Special-purpose vacuums are useful for removing hazardous substances. For example, vacuum cleaners fitted with HEPA (high efficiency particulate air) filters may be used to capture fine particles of asbestos or fibreglass.
Dampening (wetting) floors or using sweeping compounds before sweeping reduces the amount of airborne dust. The dust and grime that collect in places like shelves, piping, conduits, light fixtures, reflectors, windows, cupboards and lockers may require manual cleaning.
Compressed air should not be used for removing dust, dirt or chips from equipment or work surfaces.
Employee
Facilities
Employee facilities need to be
adequate, clean and well maintained. Lockers are necessary for storing
employees' personal belongings. Washroom facilities require cleaning once or
more each shift. They also need to have a good supply of soap, towels plus
disinfectants, if needed.
If workers are using hazardous materials, employee facilities should provide special precautions such as showers, washing facilities and change rooms. Some facilities may require two locker rooms with showers between. Using such double locker rooms allows workers to shower off workplace contaminants and prevents them from contaminating their "street clothes" by keeping their work clothes separated from the clothing that they wear home.
Smoking, eating or drinking in the work area should be prohibited where toxic materials are handled. The eating area should be separate from the work area and should be cleaned properly each shift.
If workers are using hazardous materials, employee facilities should provide special precautions such as showers, washing facilities and change rooms. Some facilities may require two locker rooms with showers between. Using such double locker rooms allows workers to shower off workplace contaminants and prevents them from contaminating their "street clothes" by keeping their work clothes separated from the clothing that they wear home.
Smoking, eating or drinking in the work area should be prohibited where toxic materials are handled. The eating area should be separate from the work area and should be cleaned properly each shift.
Surfaces
Floors: Poor floor conditions are a
leading cause of accidents so cleaning up spilled oil and other liquids at once
is important. Allowing chips, shavings and dust to accumulate can also cause
accidents. Trapping chips, shavings and dust before they reach the floor or
cleaning them up regularly can prevent their accumulation. Areas that cannot be
cleaned continuously, such as entrance ways, should have anti-slip flooring.
Keeping floors in good order also means replacing any worn, ripped, or damaged
flooring that poses a tripping hazard.
Walls: Light-coloured walls reflect light while dirty or dark-coloured walls absorb light. Contrasting colours warn of physical hazards and mark obstructions such as pillars. Paint can highlight railings, guards and other safety equipment, but should never be used as a substitute for guarding. The program should outline the regulations and standards for colours.
Walls: Light-coloured walls reflect light while dirty or dark-coloured walls absorb light. Contrasting colours warn of physical hazards and mark obstructions such as pillars. Paint can highlight railings, guards and other safety equipment, but should never be used as a substitute for guarding. The program should outline the regulations and standards for colours.
Maintain
Light Fixtures
Dirty light fixtures reduce
essential light levels. Clean light fixtures can improve lighting efficiency
significantly.
Aisles
and Stairways
Aisles should be wide enough to
accommodate people and vehicles comfortably and safely. Aisle space allows for
the movement of people, products and materials. Warning signs and mirrors can
improve sight-lines in blind corners. Arranging aisles properly encourages
people to use them so that they do not take shortcuts through hazardous areas.
Keeping aisles and stairways clear is important. They should not be used for temporary "overflow" or "bottleneck" storage. Stairways and aisles also require adequate lighting.
Keeping aisles and stairways clear is important. They should not be used for temporary "overflow" or "bottleneck" storage. Stairways and aisles also require adequate lighting.
Spill
Control
The best way to control spills is to
stop them before they happen. Regularly cleaning and maintaining machines and
equipment is one way. Another is to use drip pans and guards where possible
spills might occur. When spills do occur, it is important to clean them up
immediately. Absorbent materials are useful for wiping up greasy, oily or other
liquid spills. Used absorbents must be disposed of properly and safely.
Tools
and Equipment
Tool housekeeping is very important,
whether in the tool room, on the rack, in the yard, or on the bench. Tools
require suitable fixtures with marked locations to provide orderly arrangement,
both in the tool room and near the work bench. Returning them promptly after
use reduces the chance of being misplaced or lost. Workers should regularly
inspect, clean and repair all tools and take any damaged or worn tools out of
service.
Maintenance
The maintenance of buildings and
equipment may be the most important element of good housekeeping. Maintenance
involves keeping buildings, equipment and machinery in safe, efficient working
order and in good repair. This includes maintaining sanitary facilities and
regularly painting and cleaning walls. Broken windows, damaged doors, defective
plumbing and broken floor surfaces can make a workplace look neglected; these
conditions can cause accidents and affect work practices. So it is important to
replace or fix broken or damaged items as quickly as possible. A good
maintenance program provides for the inspection, maintenance, upkeep and repair
of tools, equipment, machines and processes.
Waste
Disposal
The regular collection, grading and
sorting of scrap contribute to good housekeeping practices. It also makes it
possible to separate materials that can be recycled from those going to waste
disposal facilities.
Allowing material to build up on the floor wastes time and energy since additional time is required for cleaning it up. Placing scrap containers near where the waste is produced encourages orderly waste disposal and makes collection easier. All waste receptacles should be clearly labelled (e.g., recyclable glass, plastic, scrap metal, etc.).
Allowing material to build up on the floor wastes time and energy since additional time is required for cleaning it up. Placing scrap containers near where the waste is produced encourages orderly waste disposal and makes collection easier. All waste receptacles should be clearly labelled (e.g., recyclable glass, plastic, scrap metal, etc.).
Storage
Good organization of stored
materials is essential for overcoming material storage problems whether on a
temporary or permanent basis. There will also be fewer strain injuries if the
amount of handling is reduced, especially if less manual materials handling is
required. The location of the stockpiles should not interfere with work but
they should still be readily available when required. Stored materials should
allow at least one metre (or about three feet) of clear space under sprinkler
heads.
Stacking cartons and drums on a firm foundation and cross tying them, where necessary, reduces the chance of their movement. Stored materials should not obstruct aisles, stairs, exits, fire equipment, emergency eyewash fountains, emergency showers, or first aid stations. All storage areas should be clearly marked.
Flammable, combustible, toxic and other hazardous materials should be stored in approved containers in designated areas that are appropriate for the different hazards that they pose. Storage of materials should meet all requirements specified in the fire codes and the regulations of environmental and occupational health and safety agencies in your jurisdiction.
Stacking cartons and drums on a firm foundation and cross tying them, where necessary, reduces the chance of their movement. Stored materials should not obstruct aisles, stairs, exits, fire equipment, emergency eyewash fountains, emergency showers, or first aid stations. All storage areas should be clearly marked.
Flammable, combustible, toxic and other hazardous materials should be stored in approved containers in designated areas that are appropriate for the different hazards that they pose. Storage of materials should meet all requirements specified in the fire codes and the regulations of environmental and occupational health and safety agencies in your jurisdiction.
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