OHSAS
18001 - Occupational health and safety management system
What
is OSHAS 18001?
- Originally developed in early 1990’s as BS8800
- Revised in 1999 by BSI to be more compatible with ISO 14001
- Framework for an effective OH&S-MS
- 17 elements designed in parallel to ISO 14001
- Allows third-party certification/registration
What
OSHAS is not
- An international standard like ISO 9001or ISO 14001
- Not prescriptive –no absolute requirements; very similar to ISO 14001
OSHAS
Basics
OH&S Policy
- Clearly states overall OH&S objectives
- Authorised by top management
- Appropriate to nature & scale of OH&S risks
- Documented, implemented, and maintained
- Communicated to all employees
- Available to interested parties
- Reviewed periodically
OH&S Policy Commitments
- Improve health & safety performance*
- Continual improvement
- “at least” comply with current applicable
- OH&S legislation and other requirements
OH&S Planning
- Hazard identification, risk assessment, and risk control
- Legal and other requirements
- Objectives
- OH&S management program(s)
Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control
- Conceptually similar to environmental aspects and impacts –target of management program(s)
- Much more detailed than 14001 approach
- Assessment must address:
- routine and non-routine activities
- all personnel, including contractors and visitors
- facilities at the workplace, whether provided by the organization or by others
Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control
- Methodology must be proactive
- in advance of process/equipment changes
- allow engineering of hazard controls during design
- implementation of controls as change occurs
- Success requires strong Management of Change (MOC) procedure
Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control
- Process overview
- identification of hazards
- evaluation of risks under current controls
- evaluation of the tolerability of residual risk
- identification of needed additional controls
- People are involved
- significant risks must be controlled
- individual behaviour is a significant factor
OH&S Planning
Implementation & Operation
- Structure and responsibilities
- Training awareness and competence
- Consultation and communication
- Documentation
- Document and data control
- Operational control
- Emergency preparedness and response
Structure & Responsibilities
- Documented roles, responsibilities, authorities, and accountability
- Management appointee responsible for implementation
- Resources
- Managers must demonstrate commitment to continual improvement
Training, Awareness & Competence
- Ensure employee awareness and competence
- Take into account differing levels of:
- Responsibility
- Ability
- Literacy
- Risk
- Much of required training driven by regulation
Consultation & Communication
- More internally focused than ISO 14001
- Employee involvement and consultation
- in development/review of policies and procedures
- about changes that affect workplace safety or health
- ensuring representation in OH&S matters
- Buy-in, ownership, motivation
- Insights of shop floor perspective
Documentation & Data
- Documentation of core elements
- aids employee awareness
- shows how the various system relate
- extremely valuable during certification process
- Document and data control procedures
- critical documents are available
- obsolete documents and data are removed
Operational Control
- Identify operations and activities where risk requires further control
- Plan these to ensure that
- documented procedures are developed
- operating criteria specify key steps and requirements
- procedures addressing risks related to contractor goods and services
- establish design procedures to reduce/eliminate source of risks
Operational Control
Emergency Preparedness & Response
- Emergency response procedures to address
- identifying potential for incidents and emergencies
- preventing and mitigating resultant illnesses and injuries
- responding to incidents and emergencies when they occur.
Emergency Preparedness & Response
Checking & Corrective Action
- Performance measurement and monitoring
- Accidents, incidents, non-conformances and corrective and preventive action
- Records and records management
- OH&S management system audit
Performance Measurement & Monitoring
- Monitoring the achievement of objectives
- Quantitative and qualitative measures
- Proactive and reactive methods
- Records to facilitate corrective and preventive actions
- Calibration of monitoring equipment
Quantitative & Qualitative
- Direct Quantitative Measures
- number of lost work days following an injury
- decibel levels of noise in a work area
- Indirect Qualitative Measures
- review of inspection logs
- observation of a task
- interviews
Proactive & Reactive Measures
- Proactive monitoring of compliance
- routine basis, independent of any event
- monitoring may be required by regulations
- daily equipment checks
- periodic review of hot-work permits
- Reactive monitoring of accidents or incidents
- in response to an event or trigger
- accident investigation
- monitoring in response to a complaint
Accident, Incidents, Non-conformances & Corrective and Preventive Action
- Handle, investigate, mitigate
- Accidents
- Incidents
- non-conformances
- Corrective and preventive actions
- Review action plans through risk assessment process
Accident, Incidents & Non-conformances
- Handle = immediate action
- Notification
- emergency response
- recordkeeping to facilitate investigation
- Investigation process
- team and procedures
- root cause analysis
- People are involved
- human elements
Corrective and Preventive Action
- Correct immediate problem
- Mitigate consequences
- Eliminate or control root cause
- Prevent recurrence
- Review action plans through risk assessment process
- Communicate results and monitor
Records & Record Management
- Identification, maintenance, and disposition
- Records must be:
- Legible
- Identifiable
- traceable to the activities involved
- easily retrievable
- protected from damage, deterioration, or loss
- held for specified and documented retention times
OH&S Management System Audit
- Determine if OH&S-MS:
- conforms with planned arrangements
- is properly implemented and maintained
- is effective in meeting policy and objectives
- Results provided to top management
- Audit program and schedule reflect risks and previous audit results
Management Review
OHSAS
18001 - Occupational health and safety management system
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