Ammonia plants can experience emergencies due to a number of reasons, including:
Equipment failures
These can include catalyst degradation, tube rupture, corrosion, and piping failures
Process equipment failures
These can include failures in machines, control systems, and other process equipment
Overfilling
Overfilling a tank can lead to overpressure and cracks, which can cause fatalities and injuries
Fire
Heat from a fire can cause a rapid pressure build-up in cylinders, which can lead to explosive rupture
Incompatible materials
Ammonia can react with oxidizing agents, strong acids, halogens, and salts of heavy metals, which can increase the risk of fire and explosion
Some safety tips for ammonia plants include:
Ensuring fans and rooftop units are properly grounded
Securing drive sheaves with rope or strap before working on a fan
Protecting flammable materials when welding or flame cutting
Having a fire extinguisher ready
Never pressurizing equipment beyond specified test pressures
Never wearing loose clothing around a
ir handling equipment
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