HAZARDOUS PROCESSES

Section 2 (cb) of Factories Act defines "Hazardous Process" as any process or activity in relation to an industry specified in the First Schedule,, where, unless special care is taken, raw materials used therin or the intermediates or finished products, bye products wastes or effluents thereof would cause material impairment to the health to the persons engaged in or connected, therewith or result in the pollution of the general environment.

The State Government is empowered to amend the First Schedule if it-thinks necessary. See the '29 Hazardous Processes listed in the First Schedule

It is important to note that these industries or processes carried on theirin are hazardous only when they would cause material impairment to the health or pollute the general environment. Only then Chapter IV-A and other relevant provisions or Factories Act may be applicable. If it is so, Chapter IV-A (Sections 41-A to 41-H) must be strictly followed, otherwise dire consequences may by faced, including heavy penalty, prohibition of employment and cancellation of the license under factories Act. 

 [THE FIRST SCHEDULE]

[See section 2(cb)]

LIST OF INDUSTRIES INVOLVING, HAZARDOUS PROCESSES

1.   Ferrous Metallurgical Industries

Integrated Iron and Steel

Ferrow-alloys

Special Steels

2.   Non-ferrous Metallurgical Industries

Primary Metallurgical Industries, namely, zinc, lead. copper, manganese,and aluminium

3.   Foundries (ferrous and non-ferrous)

Castings and forgings including cleaning or smoothening /roughening by sand and shot blasting

4.    Coal (including coke) industries

Coal, Lignite. Coke, etc.

Fuel Gases (including Coal Gas, Producer Gas, Water Gas)

5.    Power Generating Industries

6.    Pulp and Paper (including paper products) industries

7.    Fertiliser Industries

Nitrogenous

Phosphatic

Mixed

8.    Cement Industries

Portland Cement (including slag cement, puzzolona cernent and their products)

9.    Petroleum Industries

Oil Refining

Lubricating Oil and Greases

10.   Petro-chemical Industries

11.   Drugs and Pharmaceutical Industries

Narcotics. Drugs and Pharmaceuticals

12.   Fermentation Industries (Distilleries and Breweries)

13.   Rubber (synthetic) Industries

14     Paints and Pigment Industries

15.    Leather Tanning Industries

16.    Electro-plating Industries

17.    Chemical Industries

Coke Oven By-products and Coaltar Distillation products

Industrial Gases (nitrogen, oxygen, acetylene, argon, carbondioxide. hydrogen, sulphur dioxide, nitrous

oxide, halogenated hydrocarbon, ozone, etc.)

Industrial Carbon

Alkalies and Acids

Chromates and dichromates

Leads and its compounds

Electrochemicals (metallic sodium, potassium and magnesium, chlorates, perchloialcs and peroxides)

Electrothermal produces (artificial abrasive, calcium carbide)    

Nitrogenous compounds, (cyanides, cyanamides, and other nitrogenous compounds)

Phosphorous and its compunds

Halogens and Halogenated compunds ( Chlorine, Fluorine, Bromine and lodine)

Explosives (including indutrial explosive and detonators and fuses)

18.       Insecticides, Fungicides, Herbicides and other Pesticides Industries

19.       Synthetic Resin and Plastics

20.       Man-made Fibre (Cellulosic and non-cellulosic) Industry

21.       Manufacturing and repair of electrical accumulators

22.       Glass and Ceramics

23.       Grinding or glazing of metals

24.       Manufacture, handling and processing of asbestos and its products

25.       Extraction of oils and fats from vegetable and animal sources

26.                       Manufacture, handling and use of benzene and substances containing benzene

27.       Manufacturing processes and operations involving carbon disuphide

28.       Dyes and Dyestuff including their intermediates

29.       Highly flammable liquids and gases.