Hydroelectric Power System — a method of generating electricity using the energy of flowing water.

 Hydroelectric Power System — a method of generating electricity using the energy of flowing water.

1. Dam

 • The dam stores a large amount of water in a reservoir.

 • This stored water has potential energy due to its elevated position.

2. Water Intake & Trash Rack

 • Water from the reservoir enters through the water intake, where a trash rack filters out debris like branches or leaves.

3. Headgate

 • The headgate controls the flow of water into the system. When opened, it allows water to move into the penstock.

4. Penstock

 • The water flows through a large pipe called a penstock, gaining kinetic energy as it moves downhill due to gravity.

5. Turbine

 • The fast-moving water strikes the blades of a turbine, causing it to spin.

 • This converts the kinetic energy of water into mechanical energy.

6. Generator

 • The spinning turbine is connected to a generator.

 • As the turbine spins, it rotates magnets in the generator, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.

7. Transformer

 • The transformer increases the voltage of the electricity for efficient transmission over power lines.

8. Electricity Transmission

 • The generated electricity is transmitted via power lines to homes and businesses.

9. Water Discharge

 • After passing through the turbine, water is released back into the river or downstream area.

This process is renewable, clean, and widely used in many countries for sustainable electricity production.