lAmmonia
is invisible, toxic gas, heavier than air
üLeakage means people may inhal the gas and die due to suffocating
•Several
accidents in the past
lCorrosion
can cause leaks
üCarbon steel will fail quickly in contact
with carbamate
üStainless can also corrode very fast 60
mm/year!
•Faulty
material or fabrication ( welding)
•No
addition of oxygen / air for passivation
•faulty
operation e.g. too high temperature
lMany
safety precautions
üProper material, fabrication, inspection,
operation
üDetection systems for leakage of ammonia
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