Mango is a tropical tree cultivated in many regions of India and now
distributed wide across the world in many continents. Usually, fruits grow at
the end of a long, string like stem, with sometimes more than one fruit to a
stem.
Each fruit measures 5 to 15 cm in length and about 4 to 10 cm in width, and has typical “mango” shape, or sometimes oval or round. Its weight ranges from 150 gm to around 750 gm. Outer skin is smooth and is green in un-ripe mangoes but turns into golden yellow, bright yellow or orange-red when ripen depending on the cultivar.
Internally, juicy flesh has orange-yellow in color with numerous soft fibrils radiating from the husk (enveloping a single large kidney-shaped seed). Flavor is pleasant and rich, and tastes sweet with mild tartness. A high quality mango fruit should feature no or very less fiber content and minimal sour taste. Mango seed may either has a single embryo, or sometimes polyembryonic.
Each fruit measures 5 to 15 cm in length and about 4 to 10 cm in width, and has typical “mango” shape, or sometimes oval or round. Its weight ranges from 150 gm to around 750 gm. Outer skin is smooth and is green in un-ripe mangoes but turns into golden yellow, bright yellow or orange-red when ripen depending on the cultivar.
Internally, juicy flesh has orange-yellow in color with numerous soft fibrils radiating from the husk (enveloping a single large kidney-shaped seed). Flavor is pleasant and rich, and tastes sweet with mild tartness. A high quality mango fruit should feature no or very less fiber content and minimal sour taste. Mango seed may either has a single embryo, or sometimes polyembryonic.
Health benefits of Mangoes
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Mango fruit is rich in pre-biotic dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, and
poly-phenolic flavonoid antioxidant compounds.
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According to new research study, mango fruit has been found to protect
against colon, breast, leukemia and prostate cancers. Several trial studies
suggest that polyphenolic anti-oxidant compounds in mango are known to
offer protection against breast and colon cancers.
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Mango fruit is an excellent source of Vitamin-A and
flavonoids like beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, and
beta-cryptoxanthin. 100 g of fresh fruit provides 765
mg or 25% of recommended daily levels of vitamin A. Together; these compounds
are known to have antioxidant properties and are essential for vision. Vitamin A
is also required for maintaining healthy mucus membranes and skin. Consumption
of natural fruits rich in carotenes is known to protect body from lung and oral
cavity cancers.
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Fresh mango is a very rich source of potassium. Potassium is an important
component of cell and body fluids that helps controlling heart rate and blood
pressure.
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It is also a very good source of vitamin-B6 (pyridoxine),
vitamin-C and vitamin-E. Consumption of foods rich in vitamin C
helps body develop resistance against infectious agents and scavenge harmful
oxygen free radicals. Vitamin B-6 or pyridoxine is required for GABA
hormone production in the brain. It also controls homocystiene levels in the
blood, which may otherwise be harmful to blood vessels resulting in CAD and
stroke.
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Copper is a co-factor for many vital enzymes, including cytochrome c-oxidase
and superoxide dismutase (other minerals function as co-factors for this enzyme
are manganese and zinc). Copper is also required for the production of red blood
cells.
- Mango peels are also rich in phytonutrients, such as the pigment antioxidants like carotenoids and polyphenols.
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