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German chamomile
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Botanical Name :
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Matricaria chamomilla
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CIMAP varieties :
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Vallary |
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Uses :
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Shade dried chamomile flowers
upon steam distillation yields a deep blue coloured oil which is used
extensively in herbal and homoeopathic medicines. It is used in the
antiseptic ointments and creams for wound healing and arresting
different types of inflammations.
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Plant :
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The plant is erect or spreading annual and
herbecious, grows upto 50 to 75 cm. Its fusiform roots have many
laterals that grow only to a shallow depth. The stem is glabrous and
branched; leaves deep green, linear and smooth, 2-3 pinnate with linear
short segments, giving it a finely dissected appearance. Inflorescence
is a capitulum, borne singly on long terminal peduncle and has ray and
disc floret.
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Soil and Climate:
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The chamomile plant can be grown pH range of 8.0-9.5 and in different
agroclimates condition.
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Propagation / Nursery :
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The plant is propagated by seeds. |
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Transplantation, irrigation and weeding :
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Irrigation and weedings are required. A
plant to plant spacing of 30X30 cm is recommended for high yield of
fresh
flowers and oil. |
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Manures and Fertilizers :
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crop responds well to application of N:P:K @ 25:40:40. |
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Harvesting :
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The crop is harvested by plucking of
flowers. In the plains the flowering intitiates in February
- April. The flowers are picked at the full
bloom stage. Overmaturing of flowers should be avoided otherwise this
would cause significant reduction in the oil content. |
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Yield :
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On an average, 4,50 - 6,00 kg of fresh flowers/ha.
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The yield of oil from shade dried chamomile flowers varies from 0.3 to 1.3%.
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Economics of Cultivation :
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Total Expenditure
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Rs. 40,000/ha. |
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Total income |
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Rs. 1,00,000/ha. |
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Net Profit |
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Rs. 60,000/ha. |
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