The conductivity of water is affected by several factors, including:
Salinity: The more dissolved salts and other inorganic chemicals in water, the higher the conductivity.
Temperature: Warmer water has higher conductivity.
Dissolved ions: The concentration of dissolved ions in water is the most important factor affecting conductivity. Ions carry electrical charges and can move through water, so the more ions present, the higher the conductivity.
Type of ions: Different ions have different abilities to transmit charge. For example, inorganic ions like sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, bicarbonate, chloride, and sulfate tend to conduct electricity well.
Viscosity: The more viscous a liquid is, the more it will hinder conduction.
Human disturbance: Human disturbance can increase the amount of dissolved solids entering waters, which results in increased conductivity.
Environmental factors: The geology and size of the waterway, amount of entering wastewater, and bacterial metabolism can all affect conductivity levels
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