The 12 principles of green chemistry are:
Atom economy: Focuses on maximizing the number of atoms in the final product while minimizing waste at the atomic level
Designing safer chemicals: Chemists should develop chemical products that are effective while reducing their toxicity
Use renewable feedstocks: Raw materials should be renewable whenever it's technically and economically feasible
Design for degradation: Chemical products should break down into harmless degradation products when they are no longer functional
Catalysis: Catalysts are often more sustainable than reagents and can facilitate milder reactions, reduce energy needs, and improve selectivity
Less hazardous chemical syntheses: Synthetic methods should be designed to minimize the toxicity of the product or by-product to the environment and human health
Reduce derivatives: Avoiding derivatives reduces the need for reagents and limits waste production
Prevent waste: Enzymes are an example of a chemical that generates no by-products and is completely biodegradable
Use safer solvents and reaction conditions
Increase energy efficiency
Analyze in real time to prevent pollution
Minimize the potential for accidents
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