Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, are microscopic organisms that can cause harmful algal blooms when they grow rapidly in water.

 Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, are microscopic organisms that can cause harmful algal blooms when they grow rapidly in water. 

What are cyanobacteria and algal blooms?

Cyanobacteria

These plant-like organisms are found in freshwater, marine, and estuarine waters. They use sunlight to make their own food. 

Algal blooms

These occur when algae or cyanobacteria grow out of control in water. They can be visible as foam, scum, or mats, and can be blue, green, brown, or red. 

What are the effects of cyanobacteria and algal blooms? 

Ecological effects: Algal blooms can deplete oxygen levels in the water.

Health effects: Some cyanobacteria produce toxins called cyanotoxins, which can cause health problems in humans and animals.

Recreational effects: Algal blooms can make it unsafe for swimming, boating, and fishing.

Odor issues: Algal blooms can cause an unwanted odor in drinking water and fish tissue.

How can we manage cyanobacteria and algal blooms?

Prevent nutrient run-off

Regulate the use of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. 

Use oxidative stress treatments

Cyanobacteria are sensitive to oxidative stress, such as H2O2 applications. 

Use algicides and cyanocides

Use compounds that are biodegradable or transformable into non-toxic products. 

Manage at the local level

Local councils and state water authorities can investigate suspected outbreaks and alert the public.