Drinking water quality in India is often contaminated with E. coli, a bacterium that can pose a health risk

 Drinking water quality in India is often contaminated with E. coli, a bacterium that can pose a health risk. The main sources of water pollution in India are untreated sewage, agricultural runoff, and unregulated small-scale industry. 

Contamination levels

In one study, 69% of stored drinking water samples in rural India were contaminated with E. coli. 

In another study, 28.8% of urban households and 59.7% of rural households had E. coli contamination in their drinking water. 

In a study of well water in urban and rural households, 27.5% of samples were contaminated with E. coli. 

Factors that contribute to contamination

Sewage: Leaking sewage lines and open drains can contaminate water distribution systems. 

Household practices: Open defecation and consumption of river water can contribute to contamination. 

Water storage: Suboptimal storage practices can lead to contamination. 

Improving water quality

Improving household water storage, access, and sanitation practices can help prevent exposure to contaminated drinking water. 

Increasing surveillance for risk assessment and prevention strategies can help protect public health. 

Drinking water standards 

The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) established IS 10500: 2012 as the official Indian standard for drinking water quality