What are the Components of Road Pavement Structure

 What are the Components of Road Pavement Structure?

The road pavement structure is a layered system designed to distribute traffic loads safely to the subgrade. It consists of the following components:

1. Surface Course

The topmost layer that provides a smooth and durable riding surface.

Functions: Resists traffic wear, prevents water infiltration, and provides skid resistance.

Materials: Asphalt concrete (flexible pavement) or Portland cement concrete (rigid pavement).

2. Base Course

Located beneath the surface course, providing structural support.

Functions: Distributes loads, prevents deformation, and improves drainage.

Materials: Crushed stone, gravel, or stabilized materials.

3. Sub-base Course (if used)

An optional layer between the base course and subgrade.

Functions: Additional load distribution, drainage, and frost protection.

Materials: Sand, gravel, crushed stone, or recycled materials.

4. Subgrade

The natural soil layer prepared to support the pavement.

Functions: Provides foundational support and distributes loads to the earth.

Materials: Compacted soil or improved with stabilizers if weak.

Each layer plays a crucial role in ensuring pavement durability and performance.