Water's buffering capacity is its ability to resist changes in pH when acids or bases are added. It's measured by alkalinity, which is the amount of bases in water that can neutralize acids.
Factors that affect buffering capacity Concentration of the buffer: The amount of buffer in the water Concentration of the acid or base: The amount of acid or base being added to the water Ratio of acid to salt: The ratio of the concentration of the acid to the concentration of its salt
How buffering capacity works Buffers absorb the effect of hydrogen ions (\(H^{+}\)) or hydroxide ions (\(OH^{-}\)) Buffers release hydrogen ions when the pH rises too high Importance of buffering capacity Buffering capacity is important in water quality and balance It helps prevent changes in pH in swimming pools
Formula for buffering capacity \(B=\frac{n}{\Delta pH}\) \(B\) is the buffer capacity \(n\) is the number of moles of acid or base added per liter of buffer \(\Delta pH\) is the difference in pH between the initial buffer and the buffer after adding acid or base
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