Wednesday 25 April 2012

SUMMARY OF EHSQ PUBLISHED MATERIAL



Organizational innovation refers to new ways work can be organized, and accomplished within an organization to encourage and promote competitive advantage. It encompasses how organizations, and individuals specifically, manage work processes in such areas as customer relationships, employee performance and retention, and knowledge management.

At the core of organizational innovation is the need to improve or change a product, process or service. All innovation revolves around change - but not all change is innovative. Organizational innovation encourages individuals to think independently and creatively in applying personal knowledge to organizational challenges.


What Makes a Company Innovative?

It’s not what you think. Innovation today is such an overused word, and often ill-defined, that we thought it was important to ask today's innovation practioners what they thought it took for their company to be 'innovative.'

More than creativity, the #1 thing that makes a company innovative is a climate that continuously fosters innovation. This is a shift in thinking from popular belief.


Factors promoting organisational innovation

Research has shown that 3 main factors influence organisational innovation:

Behaviour of individuals

Internal characteristics of organisation

Extra-organisational factors (external market factors)

Behaviour of individuals

There is significant evidence a participative and interactive leadership style promotes innovation

Availability of change agents promotes innovation - internal or external individuals willing and able to drive innovation.


National Investigation Agency (NIA) is a federal agency approved by the Indian Government to combat terror in India. The agency is empowered to deal with terror related crimes across states without special permission from the states. The National Investigation Agency Bill 2008 to create the agency was moved in Parliament by Union Home Minister on 16 December 2008. NIA was created after the Nov 2008 Mumbai terror attacks as need for a central agency to combat terrorism was realised.


Carrying Capacity Studies

This is a innovative study and first of its kind in the country to study the pressure on the resources towards development process. GoAP has released an amount of Rs. 1.00 crore as grant to the study. EPTRI sent a proposal for Rs. 1.5 crores to GoI. Efforts are being made to collect Rs. 50.00 lakhs from the industries situated in and around Visakhapatnam. A field office is established at Visakhapatnam and posted 2 EPTRI staff members to operationalizing the Office.


Trafigura Beheer BV, the world’s third largest oil trading firm, will invest Rs.1,250 crore in Nagarjuna Oil Corp. Ltd’s (NOCL) proposed refinery in Tamil Nadu.

Trafigura Pte Ltd, the Singapore-based unit of the Dutch firm, will invest Rs.650 crore to buy a 24% stake in NOCL, the oil refining arm of the Hyderabad-based Nagarjuna Group, the group said in a statement on Thursday.




CPCB has identified list of polluted cities in which the prescribed National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) are violated. These cities have been identified based on ambient air quality data obtained under National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP). Action plans are being formulated and implemented to control air pollution in non-attainment cities by respective states.






Central Pollution Control Board is executing a nation-wide programme of ambient air quality monitoring known as National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP). The network consists of three hundred and forty two (342) operating stations covering one hundred and twenty seven (127) cities/towns in twenty six (26) states and four (4) Union Territories of the country.

The objectives of the N.A.M.P.














Chlorination Chemistry

When chlorine is added to water, a variety of chemical processes take place.  The chlorine reacts with compounds in the water and with the water itself.  Some of the results of these reactions (known as the chlorine residual) are able to kill microorganisms in the water.  In the following sections, we will show the chemical reactions which occur when chlorine is added to water.


Agni-V is an intercontinental ballistic missile developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) of India. It is part of the Agni series of missiles, one of the missile systems under the original Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme. It will greatly expand India's reach to strike targets at least 5,500 kilometres (3,400 mi) away.


When the body heats up faster than it can cool itself, mild to severe illnesses may develop. It’s important to recognize the symptoms of heat-related illnesses and understand how to prevent, control and respond to their effects.

Air temperature, humidity and clothing can increase the risk of developing heat-related illnesses. So can age, sex, weight, physical fitness, nutrition, alcohol or drug use, or pre-existing diseases like diabetes.


Economic development is essential to meeting human needs and to eliminating the poverty that affects so many people around the world. The sustainable use of nature is essential for the long-term success of development strategies. A major challenge for the 21st century will be making the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity a compelling basis for development policies, business decisions, and consumer desires.


An Agreement for Action

While concern for the environment is constant in history, heightened concern about environmental destruction and loss of species and ecosystems in the seventies led to concerted action. In 1972, the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm) resolved to establish the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).


The rich tapestry of life on our planet is the outcome of over 3.5 billion years of evolutionary history. It has been shaped by forces such as changes in the planet's crust, ice ages, fire, and interaction among species. Now, it is increasingly being altered by humans. From the dawn of agriculture, some 10,000 years ago, through the Industrial Revolution of the past three centuries, we have reshaped our landscapes on an ever-larger and lasting scale.


Biological diversity - or biodiversity - is the term given to the variety of life on Earth and the natural patterns it forms. The biodiversity we see today is the fruit of billions of years of evolution, shaped by natural processes and, increasingly, by the influence of humans. It forms the web of life of which we are an integral part and upon which we so fully depend. This diversity is often understood in terms of the wide variety of plants, animals and microorganisms.


Overview

India is one of the 17 “megadiverse” countries and is composed of a diversity of ecological habitats like forests, grasslands, wetlands, coastal and marine ecosystems, and desert ecosystems. Almost 70% of the country has been surveyed and around 45,000 plant species (including fungi and lower plants) and 89,492 animal species have been described, including 59,353 insect species, 2,546 fish species, 240 amphibian species, 460 reptile species, 1,232 bird species and 397 mammal species.




WHEN WAS CHLORINE FIRST USED?

What we know as "Chlorine" was first discovered in the 16th century, and today it is used in a variety of industrial products, as well as many household products we need & use every day. In fact, chlorine is one of the most produced chemicals in the US!

WHAT EXACTLY IS CHLORINE?

Chlorine is a by-product of the electrolysis of salt water.


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zudbhv8Uoe0&feature=relmfu


Mosquito Protection Tips

Mosquito protection tips


Health & Safety Culture

(A). Introduction

The purpose of this bullettin is to give you a fundamental idea about the subject “ Health and Safety

Culture” and to identify and correct your behaviour, if applicable, to promote a positive Health and Safety

Culture in our organisation. The success or failure of EHS implementation in an organisation depends on the

EHS Culture existing in the organisation.


1.Introduction-What is Noise :-

We are surrounded by sound all the time- We use it as a means of communication and as a source of entertainment ( Music)..etc. without it, we may become disoriented. However, in certain circumstances, it can be an intense irritation and a considerable hazard at work. In such circumstances, unwanted sound is usually referred to as Noise.


Earth Day Network - India

India has emerged as a decisive environmental, social, economic and political power. Earth Day Network is engaging with partners to build and enhance the region’s civic mobilization and leadership in the environmental movement.

Building on the success of its 40th Anniversary Earth Day campaign, Earth Day Network has launched a permanent India Program, head- quartered in Kolkata, India.


What is the Ecological Footprint?

The Ecological Footprint is a resource accounting tool that measures how much biologically productive land and sea is used by a given population or activity, and compares this to how much land and sea is available. Productive land and sea areas support human demands for food, fiber, timber, energy, and space for infrastructure. These areas also absorb the waste products from the human economy.


INSTALLATION

1.  Provide sufficient clearance at the channel or bonnet end of the unit to permit removal of tube bundles from shells.  On the floating head end, a space of 3 or 4 feet should be provided to permit the removal of the floating head.

2.  Foundations must be adequate so that exchangers will not settle and cause piping strains.  Foundation bolts should be set to allow for setting inaccuracies.


Corrective action and preventive action (CAPA, also called corrective action / preventive action) are improvements to an organization's processes taken to eliminate causes of non-conformities or other undesirable situations. CAPA is a concept within good manufacturing practice (GMP). It focuses on the systematic investigation of the root causes of non-conformities in an attempt to prevent their recurrence (for corrective action) or to prevent occurrence (for preventive action).


New Delhi, April 18 2012 (IANS) The ministry of environment and forests has issued guidelines to stop experimentation on animals for training undergraduate and post-graduate students in colleges and to instead use alternatives such as computer-aided simulators for the purpose.

"The guidelines were issued to the Medical Council of India (MCI), Pharmacy Council of India (PCI) and University Grants Commission (UGC) recently.


COMPRESSED GAS CYLINDER SAFETY

Compressed gases present a unique hazard. Depending on the particular gas, there is a potential for simultaneous exposure to both mechanical and chemical hazards. Gases may be:

Flammable or combustible Explosive Corrosive Poisonous Inert or a combination of hazards If the gas is flammable, flash points lower than room temperature compounded by high rates of diffusion present a danger of fire or explosion.


It's easy to remember how to use a fire extinguisher if you can remember the acronym PASS, which stands for Pull, Aim, Squeeze, and Sweep.


Fires can be very dangerous and you should always be certain that you will not endanger yourself or others when attempting to put out a fire. For this reason, when a fire is discovered:

Assist any person in immediate danger to safety, if it can be accomplished without risk to yourself. Activate the building fire alarm system or notify the fire department by dialing 911 (or designating someone else to notify them for you).


The Fire Triangle

In order to understand how fire extinguishers work, you first need to know a little bit about fire.

Four things must be present at the same time in order to produce fire:

Enough oxygen to sustain combustion, Enough heat to raise the material to its ignition temperature, Some sort of fuel or combustible material, and The chemical, exothermic reaction that is fire.


OSHA, recognizing the unique characteristics of the laboratory workplace, has tailored a standard for occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories. This standard is often referred to as the "Laboratory Standard". Under this standard, a laboratory is required to produce a Chemical Hygiene Plan which addresses the specific hazards found in its location, and its approach to them.

Laboratory hazards are addressed in specific standards for the general industry.




This safety talk is designed for discussion leaders to use in preparing safety meetings. Set a specific time and date for your safety meeting. Publicize your meeting so everyone involved will be sure to attend. Review this safety talk before the meeting and become familiar with its content. Make notes about the points made in this talk that pertain to your workplace. You should be able to present the material in your own words and lead the discussion without reading it.


Acid Rain Facts

What causes acid rain?

Acid deposition is a general term that includes more than simply acid rain. Acid deposition primarily results from the transformation of sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides into dry or moist secondary pollutants such as sulphuric acid (H2SO4), ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) and nitric acid (HNO3).


Irrigation is an artificial application of water to the soil for the following purposes

Irrigation is needed for normal growth and yield of the plant.

It is needed for metabolic processes of the plant.

To reduce the soil temperature.

For easy germination of the seeds from the soil.

Irrigation water acts as a medium for transport of nutrients and photosynthates in the plant system.

To provide crop insurance against short duration drought.

To washout dilute salts in the soil.


Principle 4: Protect harvests

In many of the poorest countries, 20-40% of crop yields are lost because of inadequate pre- and post-harvest support. Likewise, vast quantities of food are squandered during production and consumption phases.


Urea

There has been a worldwide shift from prilling of Urea to granulation because the more desirable products made in granulator. This shift has taken place to supply growing fertilizer demand for larger, harder and denser particles, in spite of traditionally higher costs associated with granulation.

Urea finishing Processes

Urea can be prilled, granulated, flaked and crystallized. Presently only prilling and granulation is considered important.


What is Ikisan.com?-

Ikisan is an agricultural portal, a one-stop information resource for the Indian farmer.

Ikisan provides online, detailed content on crops, crop management techniques, fertilisers & pesticides and a host of other agriculture related material.

Latest updates on related markets, products and weather forecasts are also available.

Ikisan enables farmers to network with other farmers, suppliers and consumers across the world.


Principle 3: Build local access

Fundamental resources should be available to farmers to help them manage their production process more reliably and at less cost.


While much of the knowledge needed to improve global agriculture already exists, including within remote indigenous, it often does not reach those farmers that could benefit the most.

• Increase the level of education on crop and natural resource management for farmers.

• Promote the development of village-based knowledge centres.


Land management should be improved through the widespread adoption of sustainable land use practices

• Conservation agriculture to prevent soil erosion and land degradation

• Manage watersheds and water use more efficiently

• Protect wildlife habitat and biodiversity through an integrated ecosystems approach

• Provide incentives for improving ecosystem services

Case-studies

Turning lost nutrients into feed grass (New Zealand)

Livestock is a significant contributor to global greenhouse gas


Introduction

Nitrogen is a common element in nature. Approximately 78% of the earth's atmosphere consists of nitrogen gas (N2). As nitrogen naturally cycles through the air, soil and water, it undergoes various chemical and biological transformations. These reactions result in the formation of nitrogen-based compounds and molecules, which are essential for the growth of plants, animals and humans.


The Interagency Crosscutting Group on Climate Change and Human Health (CCHHG) is charged by the USGCRP with planning, coordinating, implementing, evaluating, and reporting on federal research and related scientific activities on the human health impacts of global environmental change. The CCHHG integrates relevant science and technology programs and capabilities through interagency, interdisciplinary, and intergovernmental collaborations spanning basic research to decision making to application.


How are the terms climate change, global warming, and global change different?  The term climate change is often used as if it means the same thing as the term global warming.


How serious is a warming of a few degrees?

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates it has warmed 1.2 to 1.4°F (0.7 to 0.8ºC) over the past century and projects a further 3 to 7°F (2 to 4ºC) over the 21st century. The increases may appear minor compared to short-term weather changes from night to day and winter to summer.


The UN Conference on Sustainable Development (UNCSD) will take place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from 20-22 June 2012.


Paper 3c:    Severe Safety Problems during Ammonia Converter Optimization

Authors :    Leonhard Werner, Ignaz Mayr and Richard Brandmair -

Borealis Agrolinz Melamine GmbH

Presenter:  Leonhard Werner - Borealis Agrolinz Melamine GmbH

===============================================================

By :    Ravindra P.


Paper 1a:   Major Ammonia Leak Incident in Urea Plant.

Presenter:  S. G. Gedigeri and K. M.


Date:                                                         

Employee:                                                                   Instructor:                                                  

Chemical Safety

Reviewed

Yes      No        N/A      Hazard Communication

Notes to Instructor:

‘          ‘          ‘          1.         Know the locations of the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) in

each department represented in the training.


SAFETY ORIENTATION GUIDE FOR NEW EMPLOYEES

Introduction:

The purpose of this guide is to provide a framework for conducting safety orientations for new employees.  Accident statistics show that new employees are much more likely to sustain on-the-job injuries than more experienced workers.  Therefore, it is essential that new employees receive a detailed safety orientation in order to provide them with the knowledge and skills needed to perform their jobs safely and prevent accidents.


We are all very complex beings and are a product of what we think, feel, focus our attention on, take into our bodies and bring with us on a soul level.  In any discussion of healthy lifestyles, we should remember that our thoughts and feelings are often the primary directors in how we feel and choose to live our lives.  To have positive thoughts and harmonious feelings allows one to make lifestyle, exercise and dietary choices that energize the body and enliven the mind and spirit.


Why should we bother about our water footprint?

Freshwater is a scarce resource; its annual availability is limited and demand is growing. The water footprint of humanity has exceeded sustainable levels at several places and is unequally distributed among people. Good information about water footprints of communities and businesses will help to understand how we can achieve a more sustainable and equitable use of fresh water.


The water footprint is an indicator of water use that looks at both direct and indirect water use of a consumer or producer. The water footprint of an individual, community or business is defined as the total volume of freshwater that is used to produce the goods and services consumed by the individual or community or produced by the business.

The increasing consumption of water and overuse of aquatic systems has already resulted in a dramatic deterioration of aquatic ecosystems worldwide.


Climate change is one of the major challenges facing the global population

and the natural environment. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions released into the atmosphere in ever rapidly growing volumes are recognised to be responsible for this change.

Carbon Footprint analysis is the key

A Carbon Footprint measures the total greenhouse gas emissions caused directly and indirectly by a person, organisation, event or product.


A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) enables your organisation to analyse the

entire life cycle of your products or services with regard to their

environmental impacts and to display these anaylses in a transparent

way.


A life-cycle assessment (LCA, also known as life-cycle analysis, ecobalance, and cradle-to-grave analysis) is a technique to assess environmental impacts associated with all the stages of a product's life from-cradle-to-grave (i.e., from raw material extraction through materials processing, manufacture, distribution, use, repair and maintenance, and disposal or recycling).


I was proud and pleased to see you on my back

From one mother and one father, you get off

You were primitive, I was teaching you the art of living.

Remember that you are not the only living beings

By love, I have selected you, promoted you and spoiled you

My sons and my daughters, I have called you

To come together, understand each other, love the other

I love you, I admire you

By pity for me, my animals, my children

I have supported and covered you in the early eras.


Here is a factbox showing the 10 strongest earthquakes recorded since 1900, by order of magnitude as Indonesia issued a tsunami warning after a huge 8.7 magnitude earthquake struck off its westernmost province of Aceh on Wednesday.

May 22, 1960 - Chile - An earthquake of magnitude 9.5 struck Santiago and Concepcion, triggering tidal waves and volcanic eruptions. Some 5,000 people were killed and 2 million made homeless.


Facility ____________________  Area ___________________

Auditor ___________________    Date __________




Immediately after the Indonesian quake happened, there was widespread fears that such a huge underwater quake may trigger off massive tsunamis.

But no destructive tsunamis were observed and seismologists said it was because it was a slip-strike quake that did not lead to a vertical displacement of waves.

British geological seismologist Susanne Sargeant was quoted as saying: “We have had two blocks rubbing together, it's called a strike-slip earthquake ...


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LyQj5sbGntM

India issues tsunami warning after massive Sumatra quake

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oLf2XrCCnHI&feature=related


India issued a tsunami warning for Andaman and Nicobar Islands and the eastern coast on Wednesday after a 8.7 magnitude quake in Indonesia shook major cities, causing panic and sending people fleeing onto the streets. Hundreds of office workers in the Bangalore left their.buildings while the

Indian port of Chennai closed down because of the danger of a tsunami, the port said.


A summary of the existing proactive methods, procedures, and actions to prevent, deter, or minimize security incidents include:

·        Emphasis on company personnel awareness

·        Participation in local law enforcement and emergency response training and drills

·        Review of local law enforcement and emergency response materials

·        Analysis of security incidents and suspicious activities to refine and improve courses of action including:

o       Identifying potential and ex


This document is confidential and security-sensitive.  Any reproduction or dissemination of any portion of this document is prohibited without the written consent of the Chief Operating Officer of the Company.


Emergency preparedness capability that will:

Ensure that security and emergency preparedness are addressed during all phases of operation, including the hiring and training of personnel; the procurement and maintenance of equipment; the development of policies, rules, and procedures; and coordination with appropriate federal, state, and local public safety and community emergency planning agencies.


1.    Personal reasons for quitting: You need to discover your personal reasons for quitting. You should determine your personal goals. You must get rid of all the temptations that would be a hindrance to your stop smoking program. You should understand what you need to do to stop smoking.

2.    Taking a decision: Then, take a decision to stop smoking. The main factors which determine your success in quitting smoking are your will power and firm mindset.


o have a better idea of what the smoke does to your lungs, think about an empty bottle, in which smoke is ingested and never comes out, consistently. Sooner or letter the smoke settles into the bottle and blackens the bottle. This is exactly what happens when the smoke is taken into the lungs. Here are some interesting facts about smoking and lungs:

Bronchioles: Simply put, the lungs are the respiratory organs of the body. They are designed to take in oxygen and pass this into the blood stream.


Interesting Facts about Smoking Cigarettes

In brief: “These cigarettes smoking facts include the eye opening statistics that have been compiled from various sources. These facts can tell how smoking habit affects the non smokers and what the effects of smoking on the body.


How the radiation is produced by a cell phone,

Electro magnetic signal transmit from cell phone antenna,

Maximum power transmit,

Thermal effect of cell phone,

Radiation penetration in the head of an adult, ten year and five year.


Preamble

The Parties to this Protocol,

Being Parties to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer,

Mindful of their obligation under that Convention to take appropriate measures to protect human health and the environment against adverse effects resulting or likely to result from human activities which modify or are likely to modify the ozone layer,

Recognizing that world-wide emissions of certain substances can significantly deplete and otherwise modify the ozone layer in


LETTER FROM ABRAHAM LINCOLN TO HIS SON’S TEACHER

“My son starts school today. It is all going to be strange and new to him for a while and I wish you would treat him gently. It is an adventure that might take him across continents. All adventures that probably include wars, tragedy and sorrow. To live this life will require faith, love and courage.

So dear Teacher, will you please take him by his hand and teach him things he will have to know, teaching him - but gently, if you can.






Manage risk and comply with EHS regulations – Companies face a growing number of local and national rules and regulations that are becoming more and more complex – resulting in higher compliance costs and greater business risks. Your company needs to manage the health and safety of employees and contractors, ensure product safety, provide compliant product design, and handle hazardous materials effectively. You must also achieve 100% compliance at minimal cost, with minimal labor.


Definition

Nitrate is an inorganic compound composed of one atom of nitrogen (N) and three atoms of oxygen (O); the chemical symbol for nitrate is NO3. Nitrate is not normally dangerous for the health unless it is reduced to nitrite (NO2).

Description

Chemical Name: Nitrate · Regulatory name: Nitrate

Molecular formula: NO3- Molecular weight: 62 g/mol

Nitrate in drinking water: health effects

Nitrate is one of the most frequent groundwater pollutants in rural areas.


LABORATORY AUDIT CHECKLIST


Ammonia production

Topsoe's low energy ammonia process scheme can be optimised for a wide range of operating conditions by selecting proper process technology and by adjusting the process parameters. Topsoe's ammonia plant designs are characterised by being highly energy efficient.


This document has been posted online by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA). Reproduction and dissemination of the document - in electronic and/or printed format - is encouraged, provided acknowledgement is made of the role of the United Nations in making it available.


The concept of sustainable development dates back a long way, but it was at the UN Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm, 1972) that the international community met for the first time to consider global environment and development needs together.

The Stockholm Declaration and Action Plan defined principles for the preservation and enhancement of the natural environment, and highlighted the need to support people in this process.


The world is facing a mounting crisis. In recent years we have experienced a combination of a global financial crisis, a food crisis, volatile oil prices, accelerating ecosystem degradation and an increasing number of climate-induced extreme weather events. These multiple and inter-related crises call into question the ability of a growing human population to live peacefully and sustainably on this planet, and demand the urgent attention governments and citizens around the world.




I was proud and pleased to see you on my back

From one mother and one father, you get off

You were primitive, I was teaching you the art of living.

Remember that you are not the only living beings

By love, I have selected you, promoted you and spoiled you

My sons and my daughters, I have called you

To come together, understand each other, love the other

I love you, I admire you

By pity for me, my animals, my children

I have supported and covered you in the early eras.


I am the wind sweeping across the fields of clover

on a clear spring day,

and the rain clouds that suddenly appear.

I am the cool morning mists,

and the sweltering heat of a summer’s day.

I am the walls that separate you,

and the sparkle of stars

in the open sky of the evening’s calm.


SAFETY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

1. FREQUENCY RATE

2. FATAL ACCIDENT FREQUENCY RATE

3. PERCENTAGE REDUCTION IN FREQUENCY RATE(PRFR)

4. WEIGHTED FREQUENCY RATE

5. SAFE T-SCORE

6. INCIDENCE RATE

7. SEVERITY RATE

8. MEAN DURATION RATE

9. DURATION RATE

10. DISABLING INJURY INDEX

FREQUENCY RATE

A question 'How often do injuries occur?' is replied by the frequency rate which is defined as the disabling (lost time) injuries per 106 man-hours worked.

F1   =    No.


Facility ____________________  Area ___________________

Auditor ___________________    Date __________


Do Not Pipette By Mouth - Ever

You say, "But it's only water." Even if it is, how clean do you think that glassware reallyis? Using disposable pipettes? I know lots of people who rinse them and put them back! Learn to use the pipette bulb or automated pipetter. Don't pipette by mouth at home either. Gasoline and kerosene should be obvious, but people get hospitalized or die every year, right? I know someone who used his mouth to start the suction on a waterbed to drain it.


Energy-Efficient Steam Systems

Introduction

Air, water and steam are three media commonly used to distribute heat to process loads.  However, steam has several advantages compared to hot air and hot water. These advantages include.

•          the heat carrying capacity of steam is much greater than air or water

•          steam provides its own locomotive force.


The Domino Theory

The following famous quotation presages Heinrich’s Domino Theory, and explains it using a different metaphor (horseshoe nails) than Heinrich (dominoes falling over in a line).


HAZARD & OPERABILITY STUDIES

INTRODUCTION

The technique of Hazard and Operability Studies, or in more common terms HAZOPS, has been used and developed over approximately four decades for 'identifying potential hazards and operability problems' caused by 'deviations from the design intent' of both new and existing process plants.  Before progressing further, it might be as well to clarify some aspects of these statements.


Vedkal                         Yajurved, Rugved, Upnishads etc. Old concept of science and safety in nation. Our ancient heritage.

BC 3500                      Medhatithi of Bharat discovered decimal system.

BC 3000                      The Ebers Papyrys and the Edwin Smith Papyrus, the first written document on health and safety.

BC 2000                      Chanakya Kautilya's Arthshastra dealing many subjects including safety. See Part-5.1 of Chapter-1.


Closed systems usually contain a combination of different metals, which provide a high potential for galvanic corrosion. The potential for dissolved oxygen attach is generally quite low in closed systems because of small amount of makeup water the main oxygen source. However, in systems that require substantial makeup because of loss of water from leaks, oxygen is continually supplied and oxygen corrosion presents a serious problem.


1.1 INTRODUCTION

Irrigated agriculture is dependent on an adequate water supply of usable quality. Water quality concerns have often been neglected because good quality water supplies have been plentigul and readily available. This situation is now changing in many areas. Intensive use of nearly all good quality supplies means that new irrigation projects and old projects seeking new or supplemental supplies must rely on lower quality and less desirable sources.


In southern India, the climate is becoming unpredictable and drought more common. Indiscriminate pumping from shallow aquifers shared by many farmers has caused abnormal drops in water levels. When a well goes dry, a farmer loses his crop. Six thousand farmers have been trained in groundwater management by a project run by Indian NGOs and guided by the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization. They have learned to monitor how much water is available underground at the start of the growing season.


2 March 2012, Rome - UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon today said that producing enough food to feed the world's rapidly growing population will require the international community to ensure the sustainable use of the world's "most critical finite resource," water.


The natural resources base and ecosystems must be managed sustainably to meet people’s food requirements and other environmental, social and economic needs. Climate change, increased water scarcity and conflicts over access to resources all pose challenges to environmental sustainability and food security. In addition, hunger and poverty often compel the poor to over-exploit the resources on which their own livelihoods depend.


The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is working with its Members and the entire international community for achievement of the Millennium Development Goals.

These eight goals - each with specific targets and indicators - are based on the United Nations Millennium Declaration, signed by world leaders in September 2000.


Analysis The country`s fertiliser production is pegged at 36.87 million tons in the 2012-13 fiscal, up over eight per cent from last fiscal.

`“We have kept a production target of 3,68,75,300 tons of fertilizer for this financial year, which is slightly higher than 3,41,09,700 tons in last fiscal,`` a senior Fertilizer Ministry official said.


Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a tool that is used to consider the likely significant environmental effects of a proposed development. EIA as an environmental management tool is used around the world in developed and developing nations. Whilst this e-brief focuses on EIA in the UK, the principles of EIA that it identifies are relevant to any EIA in any country. EIA is an iterative process.


What is a Demineralization plant?

De-mineralization plant is employed for removal of minerals or dissolved salts from the water. Salts on dissolving dissociate into electrically charged particles called ions: for example common salt  will be split into sodium ion (a positively charged ion or cation) and chloride (a negatively charged ion or an anion).


Air Quality Management, Urban Air Pollution and Vehicle Traffic Emissions

THANKS TO PROF.




Accident – an unplanned event or series of events that results in death, injury, occupational illness, damage to or loss of equipment or property, or damage to the environment.

Analysis – the process of identifying a question or issue to be addressed, modeling the issue, investigating model results, interpreting the results, and possibly making a recommendation. Analysis typically involves using scientific or mathematical methods for evaluation.


Safety Meeting Attendance Sheet

Department Name

Distribution: Original to Division Safety Meeting File

Copy to Department Safety Coordinator


All Nations Love is designed as a heart-based social participation movement that brings people together within their culture, community, and nation while inspiring collaboration with other nations and people from around the world. It is our way of uniting heart to heart, nation to nation. To encourage this movement of universal goodness, we propose that the people of each nation (that is you!) launch your own version of this project to begin this process of social collaboration.


Fire Prevention Plan

for

Company Name

Date

I.                   OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this Fire Prevention Plan is to eliminate the causes of fire, prevent loss of life and property by fire, and to comply with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OSHA) standard on fire prevention, 29 CFR 1910.39. It provides employees with information and guidelines that will assist them in recognizing, reporting, and controlling fire hazards.

II.


NATURAL DISASTERS QUESTION AND ANSWER

Bushfires

Q1.       Name three things that can trigger bushfires.

Q2.        What is the most common fire igniter in  remote bushland areas?

Q3.       What is an arsonist?

Q4.       What was the cause of the 1949 French bushfire?

AUSTRALIAN BUSHFIRE CASE STUDY

Q5.       How many  South Australian and Victorian homes were destroyed in fires in 1983?

Q6.       What was the cause of the fires?

ANSWER

Q1.


PART I   - COOLING WATER SYSTEMS – AN OVERVIEW

Water with some exceptional thermal and physical properties happened to the most readily available medium, and is comparatively an economically viable coolant.

It is however reckoned that the quality of water, with regard to dissolved chemical constituents varies from source to source.

The primary cooling water sources could be any of the followings:

1.       Surface Water:  - Rivers, reservoirs, streams, lake or ponds.

2.


Environment – Manufacturing more Efficiently – Water Efficiency

Increase your profits by reducing your water

Water consumption can be a major operating cost for manufacturers and could be costing companies over 1% of business turnover. Yet by using some simple control measures and inexpensive devices, this can be reduced by as much as 50%. These savings go straight to your bottom line as well as conserving an increasingly scare global resource.


Introduction:

This guidance is designed to be used as tool for internal HSE audit against OHSAS 18001:2007 & ISO 14001:2004 to ass the level of compliance.

The results of this assessment will be used to show the organisation where it is relative to the two standards mentioned above & help it understand their position & then take an improvement &/or corrective action(s) accordingly.


Quality, Health safety and Environment

Table of contents

Hazop Study Guidelines. 1

Table of contents. 2

1    Introduction. 3

1.1    Document Purpose and Applicability. 3

1.2    Definition. 3

1.3    Limitations. 4

1.4    Hazop and Other Hazard Identification Techniques. 4

1.5    General Application of Hazop. 5

1.6    Application to Existing Facilities. 7

1.7    Scope. 8

1.8    HAZOP Objectives. 9

1.9   Contractor Conducted HAZOP. 9

1.10    Vendor Equipment 10

2    Team Composition.


riven largely by a growing population and rising incomes around the world, agricultural demand is expected to continue rising in order to ensure abundant quantities of high-quality food, feed, fibre, energy and even industrial products (like pharmaceutical ingredients or bioplastics).


Regardless of the quantity needed, each plant nutrient fulfills a specific role in plant growth and food production. Nutrients cannot be substituted for one another.

Nitrogen (N)

N is a constituent of the building blocks of almost all plant structures. It is an essential component of chlorophyll, enzymes, proteins, etc. Rather high amounts of nitrogen are required compared to other essential nutrients. It stimulates root growth and crop development as well as uptake of other nutrients.


More than a billion farmers and their families around the world are on the front line of climate change. Their lives and livelihoods are directly affected by its impact, and they are also vital to implementing many of the solutions we need to help delay and deflect it.

Members of the Farming First coalition believe that:

Agriculture generally, and farmers especially, are vital to mitigate and adapt to climate change.


5 stages of the Product Lifespan

The IFA Protect&Sustain programme divides the fertilizer product lifecyce into five key phases for the purpose of developing good management practices for each phase.

Though some aspects of the product lifecycle managment process may lie outside of the usual activity of an individual fertilizer, the IFA programme allows companies to review business processes to identify areas where product management could be improved.


The IFA SHE Principles

In 2007, IFA developed a set of guiding principles for Safety, Health and Environmental (SHE) management. These twelve principles embody the membership’s commitment to responsible and sustainable fertilizer production and use.

The 12 IFA SHE Principles

1. All members shall demonstrate leadership and management commitment with regards to safety, security, health and environmental issues in fertilizer production, distribution and sales.


Product stewardship might be described as the "next step" in Safety, Health and Environmental (SHE) management, a step that broadens SHE management beyond the factory gate to include wider issues such as security. In many respects, it is about putting into place responsible business management processes across a product's lifecycle.

In this day and age, we can no longer ignore the role that fertilizers play in modern agriculture.


Res. Environ. Life Sci., 4(1) 7 -12 (2011)

Capturing CO2 from flue gas streams in ammonia plant, waste generation as HSS and its reclamation at CO2 recovery plant, NFCL, Andhra Pradesh (India)

R. Raghavan, G.V.S Anand, P.H.N Reddy, P. Chandra Mohan, V.


“Quality is not an act. It is a habit.” Aristotle,Greek philosopher and scientist.

QUALITY IMPROVEMENT: A KEY FOR SUCCESS

“Quality is never an accident, it is always the result of high intention, sincere effort, intelligent direction

and skillful execution.


Source http://www.owlnet.rice.edu

Abstract

In this project, the heat exchange system for the reforming section of an ammonia plant was optimized. The system consists of a single shell and tube process/process exchanger followed by a secondary cooling water exchanger. The primary exchanger heats the main feed before it enters the primary reformer, from 231.1 °C to 600 °C. It is exchanged with the hot stream from the secondary reformer which is cooled from 995.8 °C to 741 °C.


Personal development includes activities that improve awareness and identity, develop talents and potential, build human capital and facilitates employability, enhance quality of life and contribute to the realization of dreams and aspirations. The concept is not limited to self-help but includes formal and informal activities for developing others, in roles such as teacher, guide, counsellor, manager, coach, or mentor.


The Bhopal disaster (commonly referred to as Bhopal gas tragedy) was a gas leak incident in India, considered one of the world's worst industrial catastrophes. It occurred on the night of December 2–3, 1984 at the Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. A leak of methyl isocyanate gas and other chemicals from the plant resulted in the exposure of hundreds of thousands of people.


Rapid global heating according to a US National Academy of Science warning; Dramatic increase in greenhouse gas emissions; Ozone loss aggravated by global warming; Ozone loss likely to aggravate global warming; Warming of the oceans leads to increased green house gasses; Permafrost thawing will aggravate global warming; Oceanic changes observed that may aggravate the situation; A vicious circle whereby each problem will exacerbate other problems which will feedback into each other; Massive extin


The size and number of marine dead zones—areas where the deep water is so low in dissolved oxygen that sea creatures can’t survive—have grown explosively in the past half-century. Red circles on this map show the location and size of many of our planet’s dead zones. Black dots show where dead zones have been observed, but their size is unknown.

It’s no coincidence that dead zones occur downriver of places where human population density is high (darkest brown).


When it originates from a lake called Fulhaar Jheel near Madho Tanda east of Pilibhit, the Gomti is a stream. Gradually, it starts growing. Around 100 km away from the point of its origin, this stream is joined by tributaries like Sukheta, Choha and Andhra Choha near Mohammadi Kheri, a tehsil of Lakhimpur Kheri. The stream now turns into a river. But, as it is said, civilisations germinate in the vicinity of a river and threaten its very existence. The Gomti's story is no different.


OBJECTIVE

The motto of Fire Services asserts “ WE SERVE TO SAVE.” A translated idea of original motto in Sanskrit that is “ TRANAY SEVA MAHE.”

Based on this motto there are three priority wise objective concepts.

(A)          Primary Objective: SAVING LIFE .

(B)          Secondary Objective: SAVE National and Public PROPERTY.

(C)          Tertiary Objective: Salvage and Preservation.

(A) Primary Objective: SAVING LIFE.


World Environment Day (WED) is a day that stimulates awareness of the environment and enhances political attention and public action. It is on 5 June. It was the day that United Nations Conference on the Human Environment began. The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment was from 5–16 June 1972. It was established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1972. The first World Environment Day was on 1973.


When we allow ourselves to understand the impact our actions have not only on ourselves but the planet we live on, we realize the necessity to take loving action. We each have the power to correct conditions within as well as to affect the world we live in.

There are so many ways to apply love in our everyday lives. Yet, if we do not take care of ourselves, it is virtually impossible to feel and share love with the world around us.
2


Safety

Safety is the state of being "safe" (from French sauf), the condition of being protected against physical, social, spiritual, financial, political, emotional, occupational, psychological, educational or other types or consequences of failure, damage, error, accidents, harm or any other event which could be considered non-desirable. This can take the form of being protected from the event or from exposure to something that causes health or economical losses.


Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) : Equipment provided to shield or isolate a person from the chemical, physical, and thermal hazards that may be encountered at a hazardous materials incident. Adequate personal protective equipment should protect the respiratory system, skin, eyes, face, hands, feet, head, body, and hearing. Personal protective equipment includes: personal protective clothing, self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus, and air purifying respirators.


Concepts of fire and how it starts;•  Chemistry of Fire

•  Classification of Fire •  What to do in case of Fire? Fire Points • Extinguishing of Fire

• Introduction of Different types of Fire Extinguishers • How to use a Fire Extinguisher

•  Techniques to Fight Fire •  What is a Fire Hydrant System and how to operate •  Maintenance of Fire Fighting Equipment . •  High Risk areas.


published IN Indian science congress

Accumulation of Heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Co, Cu and Fe) in various parts of Zea mays treated with asbestos effluent

Amar Nath Giri

Abstract:

The treated asbestos effluent was collected from asbestos industry. Different concentrations mainly control (0%), 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% were prepared from the asbestos effluent using and Maize (Zea mays) was grown in sand pot culture.


A danger foreseen is half avoided. A fugitive from the laws of averages: A person who doesn't wear their helmet while driving a motorcycle. A fugitive from the laws of averages--that's you if you don't use your safety gear. A fugitive from the laws of averages--that's you if you drink and drive. A healthy tan is the first sign of skin cancer. A safer you is a safer me. A spill, a slip, a hospital trip. Accidents hurt -- safety doesn't.


April 22 International Mother Earth Day.

Earth Day is a day early each year on which events are held worldwide to increase awareness and appreciation of the Earth's natural environment. Earth Day is now coordinated globally by the Earth Day Network, and is celebrated in more than 175 countries every year. In 2009, the United Nations designated April 22 International Mother Earth Day. Earth Day is planned for April 22 in all years at least through 2015.


Burning of fossil fuels is a major source of industrial greenhouse gas emissions, especially for power, cement, steel, textile, and fertilizer industries. The major greenhouse gases emitted by these industries are carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), etc, which all increase the atmosphere's ability to trap infrared energy and thus affect the climate.


ROLE OF EHSQ

Effective implementation of Quality Management systems including non-conformance, corrective action, and preventive action management processes. Establishment of an effective risk based audit programs. Perform quality audits that address ISO 9001 requirements including covering technical requirements of the engineering, procurement and construction aspects of project delivery.


The importance of oxygen in life

Oxygen ( /ˈɒksɨdʒɨn/ ok-si-jin) is the element with atomic number 8 and represented by the symbol O. Its name derives from the Greek roots ὀξύς (oxys) ("acid", literally "sharp", referring to the sour taste of acids) and -γενής (-genēs) ("producer", literally "begetter"), because at the time of naming, it was mistakenly thought that all acids required oxygen in their composition.


Carrier Gases

. The GC determines the current column temperature and adjusts the column head pressure so that the desired average linear velocity is obtained.

Hydrogen offers many advantages for GC/MS. It will decrease the analysis time due to the higher linear velocities required to obtain optimum column performance. It will aslo keep your source cleaner and hence you will go for longer periods without having to vent and clean the source.


The lower and upper explosion concentration limits for some common gases are indicated in the table below. Some of the gases are commonly used as fuel in combustion processes.

Note! The limits indicated are for gas and air at 20oC and atmospheric pressure.


Chemicals have become a part of our life for sustaining many of our day-to-day activities, preventing and controlling diseases, and increasing agricultural productivity etc. An estimation of one thousand new chemicals enter the market every year, and about 100000 chemical substances are used on a global scale. These chemicals are mostly found as mixtures in commercial products. Over one million such products or trade names are available.
1


A SMALL STEP IS THE BEGINNING  TO JOURNEY OF THOUSANDS OF MILES

Article 48-A of the Constitution deals with the Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wildlife – The State shall endeavor to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country. On the basis of the said provisions, the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 (as amended in 1986) have been enacted by the Parliament.


Indian labour law refers to laws regulating employment in India. There over fifty national laws and many more state-level laws.

Traditionally Indian governments at federal and state level have sought to ensure a high degree of protection for workers. So for instance, a permanent worker can be terminated only for proven misconduct or for habitual absence.


As CSR Activities Soil analysis has been taken by NFCL in INDIA

A brief about soil, soil analysis methodologies, Application & critical analysis & Fertilizer Recommendation for Farmers soil.

Dr. Amar Nath Giri (EHSQ)

Soil may be defined as a thin layer of earth crust which serves as a natural medium for the growth of the plants. Soil consists of organic matter Soil organisms - Micro flora and Micro fauna.




– An international environment, health and safety performance Improvement initiative of the chemical industry. Responsible Care is based on the concepts of continual improvement and openness in responding to the concerns of stakeholders about the industry’s operations and products. In the United States, Responsible Care is implemented by the member and Partner companies of the American Chemistry Council (ACC).


CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

*DENSITY - 1.0 at 4oC

*Specific Heat - 4.18 Kj/kg   at 0oC

*Latent Heat - Fusion 79 kcal/kg

*Latent Heat - Vaporization 539 kcal/kg

*Viscosity 1.797 mPa.s at 0oC

*Surface Tension 75.60 dynes/cm

*Osmotic Pressure

p = DCRT

p : Osmotic Pressure in Pa

DC : Difference in Concentration in mol/m3

R : Constant of Ideal gases 8.314 J/mol/K

IMPURITIES OF WATER

*BACTERIA & VIRUSES

*MICRO-ORGANISMS

*TURBIDITY

*COLOUR

*MINERALIZATION

*METALLIC


THEORY OF CATALYSTS

In the chemical industry, Catalysts are used in order to bring some chosen reaction as close as possible to a selected equilibrium point in the shortest possible time for a reversible type of reaction.  Catalyst accelerates the rates of forward and backward reaction so as to attain faster the system towards equilibrium and the Catalyst remains unaltered without taking part in the chemical reaction.


Heat Exchanger Cleaning

Heat Exchanger Cleaning is going on BY DIFFERENT METHODS AS ACID CLEANING in plant seeing the real approach about Life Cycle assessment of the AROUND 70 +- Heat Exchangers in both the plant THE MINIMUM COST OF EACH HEAT EXCHANGER IS ABOVE 20 LAKHS RUPEES based on cleaning of deposit material & Corrosion & Condition Monitoring this information could be good for improvement as well as DISCUSSION FOR BEST QUALITY & FUTURE SUGEESTIONS BY CONTRACTORS.


Meteorology (from Greek: μετέωρον, metéōron, "high in the sky"; and λόγος, lógos, "knowledge") is the interdisciplinary scientific study of the atmosphere that focuses on weather processes and forecasting (in contrast with climatology).Meteorological phenomena are observable weather events which illuminate and are explained by the science of meteorology. Those events are bound by the variables that exist in Earth's atmosphere.


Environmental Management Systems (EMS) ISO-14001:2004 - In  brief

The Global Environmental Initiative in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 was the catalyst for the formation of ISO 14000. Over one hundred of the countries attending the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) committed to improving international environmental management programs and petitioned the ISO to adopt the cause.


The Five Most Important Things You Can Do for the Environment

Environmental Issues Like Overpopulation, Water Scarcity Require Serious Action

If you feel you’re not doing enough for the environment by replacing your incandescent light bulbs with CFL or LED lights and composting your kitchen garbage, maybe you’re ready to make a deeper commitment to environmental stewardship.


Typical weaknesses as recognized by EMS auditors:

FOR ALL INDUSTRIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

ITS FOR DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT

  Failure to identify and manage key aspects e.g. design, contractors, projects

  Failure to identify, demonstrate, periodically evaluate legal compliance issues e.g.


World Environment Day

Theme 2011 :Forests: Nature At Your Service | 05 June: 2011

World Environment Day (WED) is a day that stimulates awareness of the environment and enhances political attention and public action. It is on 5 June. It was the day that United Nations Conference on the Human Environment began. The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment was from 5–16 June 1972. It was established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1972.


What is the Purpose of Drinking Water Quality Guidelines/Regulations?

Water is essential to life and a nominal supply of clean-safe drinking water is required for the sustenance of life. Concern regarding safe-clean drinking water commenced at the turn of the 20th century, when science coupled with technology unraveled the implications associated with contaminated drinking water.


1.DM Act, 2005 mandates NDMA to coordinate the enforcement and implementation of its policy & guidelines.

2.  The Act also mandates NDMA to take such preventive measures for the prevention of disaster or the mitigation or preparedness and capacity building for dealing with a threatening disaster situation or disaster as it may consider necessary – Mock Exercise one such measure.

3.


Atmospheric pressure is the pressure at any given point in the Earth's atmosphere. In most circumstances atmospheric pressure is closely approximated by the hydrostatic pressure caused by the weight of air above the measurement point. Low pressure areas have less atmospheric mass above their location, whereas high pressure areas have more atmospheric mass above their location.


International Day for Biological Diversity - 22 May

Introduction

The International Day for Biological Diversity (or World Biodiversity Day) is a United Nations–sanctioned international day for the promotion of biodiversity issues. It is currently held on May 22.


Conductivity Meter

Calibration is akin to tuning, and just as a musical instrument must be tuned from time-to-time, a scientific instrument must be properly calibrated to achieve accurate test results.

Electrical conductivity or specific conductance is the reciprocal quantity, and measures a material's ability to conduct an electric current. It is commonly represented by the Greek letter σ (sigma), but κ (esp. in electrical engineering) or γ are also occasionally used.


GAS TURBINE AND ENVIRONMENT

Natural gas is a clean fuel as compared to coal and can be efficiently used in power generation. As the domestic coal supply is generally of low quality with low calorific values, high degree of ash content and its adverse impacts to the environment, Government of India encourage gas based power generation in India. The use of gas in power-generation was initially promoted by the Government primarily with a view towards environmental considerations.


LABORATORY AUDIT CHECKLIST

Is the Laboratory operating under a documented Quality Assurance Program? Is the list of all test equipment maintained with serial numbers, and calibration due dates?

Is the independent calibration of equipment traceable to nationally recognized standards when appropriate

Is the lab only performing tests that are covered in the scope of accreditation? Is the Laboratory operating under a documented Safety Control Program? Are records of relevant training, skills, and
on

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